关于工期固定,资源优化的几何图形组合法

对于工期固定,如何使资源利用最优的问题,理论分析计算方法都比较复杂,本文对此优化问题给出一种简单的可手工操作的方法。几何图形给合法,简称组合法,就是在时间——资源坐标图上对以各项工作资源需要强度和持续时间为边画出的矩形框图,按照一定的限制条件加以排列,从而达到奖状利用均衡的方法。 一、步骤与方法 1.计算出资源需要量在固定工期内的均衡值 2.计算网络图事件时间参数,并确定关键线路     

多资源均衡问题及其优化方法分析

分析了多资源均衡的必要性、优化目标,以及多资源均衡优化需要解决的关键问题;将现有多资源均衡优化方法分为两类,分别分析了各自存在的主要缺陷;在此基础上提出了应在考虑配套施工的前提下进行多资源均衡优化.分析了考虑配套施工前提下多资源均衡优化的相对优越性,从资源分类和资源相关性两个方面分析了考虑配套施工对多资源均衡提出的新要求,为考虑配套施工的多资源均衡优化提供参考.     

基于微粒群算法的进度风险限定下资源优化

针对限定风险的工程,对网络时间参数PERT（Program Evaluation and Review Technique）进行改进,用蒙特卡罗仿真MCS（Monte Carlo Simulation）进行仿真得出项目工期分布曲线,用微粒群算法进行资源优化,建立资源优化模型,并进行实例分析。结果表明,可以在施工进度风险得到合理控制的范围内,资源均衡趋近于更优化。     

网络计划的多种资源优化

用网络计划在工程工期固定的情况下进行资源优化,就是在一定的约束条件下,寻求计划资源的均衡性。煤矿建设的特点更适用于这种优化。它能达到各个方面协调施工,减少窝工和突击赶进度的现象,保持文明施工和正常的生产节奏,可降低工程成本,提高企业管理水平。但在研究资源优化问题时,以往都是解决一种主要资源的均衡,这对于复杂的大型工程,尤其多目标网络计划,较难求得最优方案。在实际工作中,一个工作往往包括多个施工工序,而每个工序又配备     

基于活动分割的资源优化研究

在假定活动可分割的基础上,针对资源波动问题,提出了一个基于遗传算法的资源优化方法.首先在已知活动工期的基础上,确定项目工期,继而确定关键工序和非关键工序,并利用基于二元表示的遗传算法,对每个可分的非关键活动在其ES(最早开始时间)到LF(最迟结束时间)的范围内进行调整,以优化资源分配.最后引用一个示例,表明了提出的方法在资源优化方面的优越性.     

海洋石油平台海上连接调试工期影响因素及优化

作为海洋石油平台工程建设的重要组成部分，海上连接调试施工是实现平台海上机械完工的最后阶段工作。文章分析工程项目陆地完工状态、海上资源投入等多个因素对海上连接调试工期的影响，分析得到压缩优化海上连接调试工期的建议措施，从而达到提前实现平台海上机械完工及节约施工成本的目的。     

资源有限-工期最短的随机搜索算法优化研究

在分析了“资源有限-工期最短”问题的现行研究方法基础上，针对其中序列法的优先系数公式，提出了用随机优先度代替现有公式计算出来的优先权系数。结合拓扑排序，得到工程网络活动的若干单一顺序序列，用调度算法程序计算序列在资源限制条件下，以最短的工期作为目标问题的近似最优解。通过实例计算与分析，结果与现行方法相差无几。     

浅析建设工程招标投标市场中串标现象及对策

招标投标法实施的目的，就是引入市场公开竞争机制，规范建筑市场交易行为，促进资源优化配置，保证工程的工期与质量，降低工程造价，提高资金利用效益和质量，防止暗箱操作，加强权力制约，预防权钱交易等腐败行为，维护国家利益和社会公共利益，确保工程交易活动的有序、     

浅谈工程设计、施工、管理与投资控制的关系

以国内大朝山工程建设过程中的实际投资变化情况为例，分析工程设计、施工技术运用、施工管理三个方面对施工阶段投资控制的影响。结果表明：设计变更使投资发生变化，在保证工期条件下的优化设计可降低固定费用；在施工中采用先进的技术或工艺，可缩短工期，降低成本；承包商只有提高自身的管理水平，才能合理利用资源，以求得到最大的经济效益。     

工程项目施工阶段成本控制有效途径的研究

工程施工阶段成本控制应从优化施工组织设计入手，采用科学、经济合理的施工方案；严格控制人工费、材料费和机械费；合理组织连续、均衡、有节奏施工，降低工期成本；精简项目部机构，降低间接成本和施工质量成本；严格合同管理，加强变更和索赔控制等途径。     

正确理解"新型工业化"

走“新型工业化”道路,首先要对“新型工业化”有正确理解.与传统工业化相比较,“新型工业化”具有一些重要特点,如高新技术对传统产业的渗入、融合或改造,产业结构和资源配置的国际化程度显著提高,发展理念和发展战略的转变,大体相同工业化阶段完成时间的缩短,等等.围绕对重工业增长加快、比重提高现象的若干争论,对“新型工业化”“不是什么”进行了较深入的讨论,以澄清在“新型工业化”问题上的某些含混和误解.     

日本能源发展战略分析

石油是战略性资源,世界各国都非常重视石油资源的可靠安全供应。日本是世界上仅次于美国的第二大经济体,同时也是高度依赖进口的能源消费大国。日本着眼于全球能源资源的利用,随着社会经济的发展和外部环境的变化,不断完善能源构成多样化、进口多元化和以石油储备为依托的能源战略,同时实行能源开发与节约并重,以确保自身能源的长期安全供给。文章同时也介绍了日本能源战略实施中出现了一些值得注意的新动向,为我国能源发展战略的制定和实施提供了参考。     

Technological Choice and Union-Management Cooperation

Growth in the number and complexity of "new technology" agreements has led some observers to suggest that companies and unions are entering a new era of bargaining. Key features of the emerging model appear to be formal cooperation around the content and the process, as well as the impacts, of technological change. This paper evaluates these expectations against case study data on technological change in a major unionized firm. Even with a formal commitment to a new approach, intervening factors—intra-organizational power struggles, resource competition, and technical uncertainties—appear to severely limit union involvement and represent major obstacles to a new era of bargaining over technology.     

It’s in the Mix: How Firms Configure Resource Mobilization for New Product Success

This paper aims to deepen the understanding about when and how the mobilization of resources through strong and weak ties in a focal firm’s network can affect new product success. It addresses two significant gaps in the literature. While prior research has advanced the understanding of how factors around tie strength, resource mobilization, and environmental characteristics relate to new product development, it has yet to offer a more holistic understanding of the interconnected structures and the interplay among these factors. Furthermore, limited insights exist about how firms could utilize resource mobilization approaches in different environmental contexts to enhance new product success. Building on resource dependence theory, this paper contributes to prior work by adopting configuration theoretical considerations and performing an empirical investigation to identify necessary and sufficient conditions for new product success. Based on data from a survey of 354 managers from manufacturing and services firms in the United Kingdom, the study conducts a configurational comparative study based on fuzzy‐set Qualitative Comparative Analysis to examine configurations of strong‐tie and weak‐tie resource mobilization approaches within particular environmental contexts for new product success. The findings reveal alternative, equifinal configurations for new product success, and add to the existing body of work by connecting the notions of network ties, resource mobilization, and context dependence, as well as by developing an integrative framework to explain the interplay of remote and proximate conditions for new product success. For management practice, this study offers guidance in describing and diagnosing business contexts that enhance new product success, and in identifying resource mobilization action repertoires to capitalize on these contexts.     

British Manufacturing Organization and Workplace Industrial Relations: Some Attributes of the New Flexible Firm

The characteristics of the largest British manufacturing firms are analysed in order to argue that the form of organization adopted at corporate and plant level by such firms is distinctive. The first part of the paper looks at the characteristic kinds and types of productive activities that the largest British firms undertake. It is then suggested that there is a distinctive pattern of organization for production at plant level, described as the 'new flexible firm', the features of which are formally set out. The new flexible firm have some key features which help to make sense of an emerging pattern of workplace industrial relations in manufacturing. The way this new form of organization at plant level utilizes labour contradicts rather than supports the expectations of some analysts about the importance of human resource management.     

供给侧改革中资源与能源行业去产能政策效果研究

中国经济历经复苏和快速增长阶段后,部分产业出现产能过剩现象,产业结构的不均衡变化导致了GDP增速放缓。2016年初中国政府提出供给侧结构性改革,旨在通过“三去一降一补”政策调整产业结构,刺激经济发展。本文构建了一个包含资源与能源产业的一般均衡模型,量化分析中国供给侧结构性改革的政策效果。研究表明,在去产能政策削减上游资源产业的产出后,政策冲击会传导至下游能源产业,导致化石能源相对于绿色能源产量下降14.04%,能源结构实现优化。随后的政策对比实验引入了新能源补贴、碳排放税征收及资源税收缴等财政手段,与去产能政策进行效果对比。实验结果显示,3种政策在不同程度上实现了能源结构调整,其中征收碳税的政策使化石能源占比降幅最大,但同时会使资本利率上升,加重企业融资成本;新能源补贴与资源税的政策也可以实现调控目标,但与去产能政策相比效果更弱。     

Exploring the roles of university spin-offs in business networks

This paper identifies different university spin-off (USO) roles related to resource interaction among business parties. It does so by mapping how USOs become part of business networks in terms of their roles relative to other parties. The theoretical frame of reference focuses on roles and resource interaction based on an industrial network approach to business markets. The empirical research is based on five cases of USOs representing a variety in terms of technology, degree of newness, sector, and area of application. As a result of the analysis, three different roles are identified: the USO as resource mediator, resource re-combiner and resource renewer. These roles reflect how USOs adapt resources to, or require changes among, business parties' resources. The paper also discusses the main resource interfaces associated with the three roles and related challenges. The paper contributes to previous research through illustrating USOs' roles relative to business parties from a resource interaction point of view, and by pointing to the establishment of new companies in business networks as a way of implementing innovation. Finally, the paper discusses the managerial implications of the research in terms of the USO's need to understand which role to take and how to develop it.     

中小企业人力资源管理三维立体模式

本文在分析人力资源管理区别于传统人事管理的特点及业务内容的基础上，指出人力资源管理不能再沿用传统的部门专业人事管理模式，而必须探索适合企业自身特点的人资源管理模式。然后，根据中小企业的特点有针对性地提出人力资源管理的三维立体模式，即根据中小企业的特点在企业建立起一个由决策层，人力资源部门，一线经理三方既分工负责又相互协调合作的全方位人力资源立体管理模式。     

煤炭地质企业人力资源管理存在的问题及对策

结合河南省煤田地质局物探测量队人力资源管理实际,在分析人力资源管理和优化组合特点及意义的基础上,重点剖析当前煤炭地质企业人力资源管理中存在的问题,探索问题产生的根源,并从7个方面系统阐述了对企业人力资源管理的思考和对策,为研究新形势下企业人力资源管理定位和现实路径改善提供了参考和借鉴。     

Perceptions of Material Resources in Innovation Projects: What Shapes Them and How Do They Matter?

Studies on the role of material resources for team performance in innovation projects have provided inconclusive results. This paper focuses on team members' perceptions of the provided material resources' adequacy to address this gap. Understanding what drives perceptions of material resource adequacy may not only reconcile conflicting results in the literature, but may also provide much‐needed guidance for project funding, so as to maximize innovation project performance. Further, the analyses in this paper differentiate between two outcome dimensions of innovation project performance, namely, the degree of new product quality and new product novelty, and thus offer a more fine‐grained analysis of the relationship between perceptions of material resource adequacy and innovation project teams' performance. The posited hypotheses are tested using a sample consisting of survey data from 121 innovation projects in the electronics industry. To avoid common source bias, data from different respondent groups, that is, team leaders, team members, and team external managers of the examined innovation projects, were used. The results of the regression analyses identify team potency and workload as socio‐cognitive drivers of innovation project teams' perceptions of material resource adequacy. Moreover, it is found that perceived material resource adequacy relates positively to new product quality, while it relates negatively to new product novelty. This paper thus provides an important step toward disentangling the ambiguity surrounding the relationship between material resource adequacy and innovation project teams' performance, showing that a key finding of cognitive psychology seems to hold also on the team level of inquiry: the significant influence of socio‐cognitive factors on perceptions. This finding paves the way for putting more attention in research on innovation and project management on cognitive aspects, in particular considering mechanisms behind the formation of team perceptions. Further, the results provide evidence for differential effects of perceived material resource adequacy on innovation project performance, depending on the indicators used for measuring the outcomes of an innovation project. This contributes necessary detail to studying the relationship between material resource adequacy and innovation project performance, which so far has produced inconclusive results, suggesting that these contradictions might result to a large degree from different operationalizations of innovation project performance. On a practical level, the findings of this paper suggest that material resource adequacy seems not to be a catch‐all variable, influencing innovation project outcomes in a uniform way. It appears to be a useful lever for influencing team outcomes depending on the desired result, which may be manipulated by shaping team variables that exert a systematic influence on perceptions of material resource adequacy.