高管成群离职行为在财务困境预警中的信息含量实证研究——基于中国2008-2009年制造业新增ST公司的证据

以2008-2009年中国制造业新增ST公司为样本,按同行业原则选取对照样本,根据上市公司公布的财务指标和高管离职率作为预警变量,构建Logistic回归预警模型,比较预警效果.研究发现,制造业上市公司财务困境形成路径清晰;高管离职率对财务困境具有显著预警作用;高管成群离职的首要因素不是报酬偏低,而是对公司的困境预期;公司陷入财务困境的潜在因素是大股东的过度干预.     

上市公司财务困境预测模型的再比较

该文将中国上市公司因财务状况异常而被特别处理(ST)作为企业陷入财务困境的标志,采用主成分分析方法确定模型变量,并利用多元判别分析、Logistic 回归和改进型 BP 神经网络三种方法进行财务困境预测.比较其预测结果发现,BP 神经网络模型的预测准确率明显优于多元判别分析和Logistic 回归模型,而后两者的判别效果接近,可见改进型 BP 神经网络模型更适合于企业财务困境预测.但三种模型的长期预警能力均不够理想,需要建立以定量模型为主、定性分析为辅的上市公司财务困境预测方式,以提高预测的准确性.     

现金流量的财务预警分析

企业财务预警通常分为选取指标、确定标准、建立模型等几个步骤.“现金流量“为预警指标基础.确立预警指标临界值应考虑企业规模和所处行业,在此基础上构建现金流量的财务预警模型,利用多组上市公司对预警模型的有效性进行验证.     

我国上市公司财务风险预警的实证研究——以制造行业为例

本文采用了实证分析方法,从我国上市公司中选择了70家制造企业作为样本(包括35家ST企业和35家非ST企业),选定了5个基础分析指标。随机选取50家配对样本,运用logistic回归模型建立财务预警模型,对其余20家检验样本预测准确达到65%以上,这说明logistic模型在预测公司发生财务困境(亏损)方面是比较有效的。     

基于Logistic模型A股上市公司财务预警模型研究

财务预警对企业的管理者、投资者、债权人以及管理当局等利益相关体具有重要的现实意义,是理论界和实务界关注的焦点.本文选取2012 ～2014年首次被ST的15家A股上市公司样本数据,并采取一一配对原则选取了15家非ST公司作为配对样本公司,建立了财务预警指标体系,选取具有差异性的财务指标作为预警指标,通过主成分分析提取主成分,消除多重共线性,建立logistic预警模型并进行预警效果检验,实证研究表明建立的预警模型具有较强的预测能力.     

上市公司财务困境预测模型的再比较

本文将中国上市公司因财务状况异常而被特别处理（ST）作为企业陷入财务困境的标志，采用主成分分析方法确定模型变量，并利用多元判别分析、Logistic回归和改进型BP神经网络三种方法进行财务困境预测。比较其预测结果发现，BP神经网络模型的预测准确率明显优于多元判别分析和Logistic回归模型，而后两者的判别效果接近，可见改进型BP神经网络模型更适合于企业财务困境预测。但三种模型的长期预警能力均不够理想，需要建立以定量模型为主、定性分析为辅的上市公司财务困境预测方式，以提高预测的准确性。     

财务困境公司预警问题的股权结构视角再探讨

由于股权结构与公司治理、公司绩效密切相关,所以它可以预警公司潜在的危机.本文在建立了基于股权结构的财务困境预警模型,并实证检验后发现,私人终极控制的上市公司具有较高的困境发生概率,而股权的适度集中有助于减少困境的发生.这表明,私有企业也具有严重的代理问题,特别是在投资者保护程度较低的情况下.     

上市公司财务困境风险的行业差异性研究

在财务困境预测中,行业差别是影响预测结果的一个重要因素。现有的财务预警系统大多没有考虑行业差异对预警指标的干扰,从而使财务预警的准确性和科学性受到了不同程度的削弱。本文选择制造业中样本量最大的两个次级行业机械、设备、仪表行业和石油、化学、塑胶、塑料行业为研究对象,对两个行业各自的样本以及混合样本分别建立了Cox比例风险模型,并将行业差异作为虚拟变量引入混合样本的Cox模型。实证结果表明这两个行业的显著影响因素截然不同,并且虚拟变量的系数显著,说明处于不同行业的上市公司所面临的财务困境风险是不同的,本文中的石油、化学、塑胶、塑料行业的总体财务困境风险是机械、设备、仪表行业的1.857倍。     

上市公司财务预警研究综述

证券市场作为社会主义市场经济的一个重要组成部分,在转变经济体制和经济增长方式方面发挥着重要作用,关注证券市场上市公司的财务状况与上市公司、众多投资者息息相关。本文回顾国外财务预警研究的发展,梳理国内对财务预警模型的直接应用与修正以及学者以我国上市公司数据为基础建立模型进行的预警研究,提出财务预警研究对象与研究方法要与我国证券市场的发展与完善相适应。     

资产流动性因子与上市公司财务预警的实证研究——以主因子为中间变量的Logistic回归分析

因子分析与Logistic回归分析相结合更能提高财务失败预警模型的有效性。为了从资产流动性的角度研究上市公司财务失败的预警模型,备选了14个变量指标并进一步筛选出8个判别效果较高的原始变量,接着运用因子分析方法求取了主因子,再将4个流动性主因子作为自变量引入到Logistic回归模型当中去,运用Logistic回归分析建立了财务失败的预警模型,同时对模型的系数进行了解释,对模型的预测效果进行了检验,最后获得了有益的结论。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Forecasting the price of gold

This article seeks to evaluate the appropriateness of a variety of existing forecasting techniques (17 methods) at providing accurate and statistically significant forecasts for gold price. We report the results from the nine most competitive techniques. Special consideration is given to the ability of these techniques to provide forecasts which outperforms the random walk (RW) as we noticed that certain multivariate models (which included prices of silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium, besides gold) were also unable to outperform the RW in this case. Interestingly, the results show that none of the forecasting techniques are able to outperform the RW at horizons of 1 and 9 steps ahead, and on average, the exponential smoothing model is seen providing the best forecasts in terms of the lowest root mean squared error over the 24-month forecasting horizons. Moreover, we find that the univariate models used in this article are able to outperform the Bayesian autoregression and Bayesian vector autoregressive models, with exponential smoothing reporting statistically significant results in comparison with the former models, and classical autoregressive and the vector autoregressive models in most cases.