汇率政策与“蓝领经济”增长的耦合效应

货币当局的汇率政策目标之一在于通过改变国内外资源的相对价格,促进对本国资源禀赋优势的发挥,加速本国经济的发展。但是货币当局的汇率政策会越来越受制于利用富裕资源进行生产部门的凸性生产函数,进而使得汇率政策的作用下降。因此,"货币当局应当审慎考虑自己的汇率政策,依据国民经济的不同发展状态和生产函数的具体特征而重新估计汇率政策的作用和代价"(郑祖玄,2007)。     

合理选择汇率制度与运用汇率政策

本文提出汇率既是市场参数，又具有政策变量性质，否定汇率具有政策变量的一面，在理论和实践上均缺乏充分根据。完全固定或完全自由浮动的汇率制度，事实上并不存在，或不可能长久坚持。不同的汇率制度实际上反映着政府干预程度的差别。本文系统地概括、比较了固定汇率制和浮动汇率制备自多方面的利弊，综合论述了影响汇率制度选择的复杂因素，并指出，那种认为采取浮动汇率制就可免遭货币危机和金融危机袭击的观点，是站不住脚的。本文论证了汇率政策的调整必须同时适应外汇供求短期均衡和长期均衡的要求，并兼顾外部均衡和内部均衡的需要。最後，依据上述分析，对中国汇率制度的选择和汇率政策的运用做了评论。     

人民币汇率、 FDI和经济增长的非对称关系研究

汇率变动影响经济增长的传导机制是多方面的,本文利用Markov区制转移向量自回归模型识别中国经济变化的不同阶段、估计区制之间的转换概率和度量各阶段的持续性,以此考察汇率改革以来人民币汇率和经济增长变动的非对称性形态,并在此基础上检验人民币汇率变动影响经济增长的非线性动态行为。研究表明,人民币汇率变动对经济增长影响的方向和强度不仅依赖其变动,而且依赖经济周期的具体阶段,结合汇率政策和经济政策来判断区制转移和区制中的政策效果将有较好的参考价值。     

关于汇率理论与汇率政策研究的思考

汇率的决定与外汇市场供求、经常账户平衡、央行货币政策、相关资产价格、经济基本面、国民收入及国际收支账户等有着直接的或间接的关系。完善人民币汇率形成机制,要从外汇市场拓展到本外币政策深层次协调,从涉外经济拓展到内外经济协调发展,同时在新的汇率形成机制下对国际货币体系和主要货币的变化趋势进行系统的监测预测和分析研究。     

略论汇率政策调整与扩大内需

汇率政策作为政府宏观调控的一种工具,不仅可以实现外部经济平衡之目标,而且对于内部经济目标的实现也有着不可忽视的作用。本文认为,与财政政策相搭配,适度实施人民币贬值的汇率政策,在客观上为目前外汇市场的供求状况所必须,同时也有利于我国政府扩大内需的内部经济目标的实现。     

利率与汇率政策关系

本文要阐述的是,在国际收支账户逐渐开放的过程中利率与汇率政策的协调问题。近几年内,一些学者纷纷强调我国外汇储备持续增加及有管理的盯住汇率政策,正成为我国执行稳健货币政策的一种负担,与稳健货币政策的方向相冲突。但本文认为,综合考虑1996年至今的经济形势以及实际效果,实际上我国执行的稳健的货币政策和有管理的盯住汇率政策在一定程度上发挥了相互配合的功效。     

从汇率角度分析日、美的政策取向及对中国经济的影响

本分析了日美政府的汇率政策取向及动因,并进一步探讨了日元汇率波动对我国经济的影响。     

人民币汇率及FDI与经济增长的动态效应

本文运用Johansen协整检验、向量误差修正模型和脉冲响应分析以及方差分解技术系统地研究了人民币汇率、FDI与经济增长之间的动态效应,发现人民币汇率、FDI与经济增长在样本期内存在着显著的长期均衡关系,人民币汇率升值对FDI的流入具有明显的抑制作用,而国内经济增长对FDI的流入则具有一定的促进作用。且同期的向量误差修正分析、脉冲相应分析和方差分解分析均表明影响FDI的最主要因素是其自身,其次是人民币汇率,而经济增长对FDI的影响微乎其微。这意味着政府当局在制定汇率政策时尤其需要保持审慎的态度,以避免人民币升值过快而对外资流入产生抑制作用。     

未来的汇率政策设想及其对我国经济的影响

未来的汇率政策设想及其对我国经济的影响●高伟对人民币汇率政策的调整应当包括以下几方面的内容：首先,汇率政策应以确保宏观经济稳定为主要目标。其次,逐步放宽汇率波动幅度,完善汇率定价机制。在条件成熟的情况下,央行可逐步退出汇率定价机制,由市场主体自行定价...     

政策信誉与人民币汇率政策信誉分析

汇率政策信誉是汇率导向的稳定政策达到预期目标的一个关键因素,人民币汇率稳定是我国当前汇率政策的主要目标.文章从政策信誉理论出发,利用一个新的理论模型模拟汇率政策信誉,并对当前人民币汇率政策的信誉进行分析,量化出汇率政策信誉指标值,得出人民币汇率政策具有良好的信誉,公众对人民币汇率的稳定充满信心的结论.     

Empirical study on the influence of RMB exchange rate misalignment on China’s export

Using data from 1978–2005, this paper estimates RMB equilibrium exchange rate and misalignment respectively, and uses Engle-Granger (E-G) two-step method, error correction model to analyze the influence of RMB exchange rate misalignment on China’s export. Because China is the economic transitional country with the character of dualistic economic structure, this paper introduces a control variant into the model which is the gap between agriculture and industry contribution to GDP. Conclusion shows that this model is more credible and stable. There is an obvious cointegration between China’s export and RMB exchange rate misalignment, real effective exchange rate, domestic GDP and foreign weighted average GDP. RMB exchange rate misalignment has an obvious negative influence on China’s export, but it has self-corrected dynamic mechanism. Then using binary Logit model, this paper concludes that the bigger RMB underestimated misalignment is, the bigger net export probability is, which is good for export. The bigger RMB overestimated misalignment is, the smaller net export probability is, which is bad for export.      

Managing real exchange rate for economic growth: Empirical evidences from developing countries

Abstract

This article analyses macroeconomic policies capable of influencing the long-run real exchange rate (RER). In this vein, it identifies economic policy tools that can devalue RER, covering a theoretical issue neglected by the economic literature, which argues that competitive exchange rate enhances growth. After discussing the “Trilemma,” we identify those variables that could affect RER without constraining monetary policy or exchange rate regime choice. In what follows, we model the probability of achieving an undervalued (small or large) RER for a sample of 14 developing countries from 1980 to 2010 (30?years) by applying econometric techniques for discrete choice and censored data. Afterwards, we compare the results for Latin American nations with Asian ones. They suggest that competitive exchange rate requires different approaches depending on the region. Moreover, Latin American countries need to take on additional policies so that interventions in the foreign exchange market become effective.     

Real exchange rate and exchange rate policy in Hungary

Five real exchange rate indicators are computed to assess the international competitiveness of Hungarian industry. These indicators are explained in econometric equations by employment, unemployment, productivity, interest spread and real producer wage. Causality tests reveal that external performance has an impact on real exchange rates, and contributes to explaining real exchange rates. There is very limited scope for policy intervention to constrain the negative effects of capital inflows without incurring other costs.     

The Appreciation Pressure on RMB Yuan and the Adjustment of RMB Exchange Rate Policy

China has maintained RMB exchange rate nearly unchanged since 1998. However, with the relaxation of capital control, a crawling peg, a more flexible RMB exchange rate regime, is inevitable. Based on improving the current formation mechanism of RMB exchange rate, Chinese government could widen the floating band around the central parity; in the long run, switching the peg from USD alone to a basket of currencies may be a better choice.     

宏观经济政策对人民币汇率变动的影响

本文从影响汇率变动因素的角度出发,着重探讨在不完全资本流动情况下宏观经济政策对一国汇率变动的作用,进而对人民币走势作一利弊分析,指出人民币走向国际可自由兑换货币是中国参与经济全球化的必然趋势。     

我国汇率政策对货币政策的制约性分析

自2005年7月21日我国实施汇率制度改革以来,我国继续出现贸易、资本双顺差,外汇储备持续高速增加使人民币升值压力继续存在。国外游资的大量涌入,使得我国银行体系出现“流动性过剩”,并凸显通货膨胀压力。央行采取了一系列货币政策措施,包括提高利率、提高法定准备金率、发行央行定向票据等,但是效果并不明显,目前我国流动性过剩问题依然严重,通胀压力仍然存在,货币政策的实施效果严重受到了汇率政策的制约。     

Monetary policy, macroeconomic adjustment and currency speculation under floating exchange rates: the case of Bulgaria

This paper deals with the Bulgarian experience with exchange rate policy and the related macroeconomic adjustment in the transition period. It is argued that in the context of the Bulgarian macroeconomic environment, the exchange rate regime and the exchange rate policy (or the lack of such) did play a crucial role in determining the patterns of macroeconomic adjustment in this period. A simple general equilibrium model is suggested that provides some insights into the stylized performance of an economy under certain assumptions, similar to those characterizing the transitional state of the Bulgarian economy. Finally, some aspects of Bulgarian macroeconomic performance in recent years are analysed on the basis of the available empirical information and using the framework of the theoretical model. The paper concludes with the policy lessons of this experience.     

人民币汇率弹性的增大对利率稳定性的影响

汇率改革前后,汇率与利率之间的动态关系发生了系统性的改变。在均值意义上讲,人民币汇率弹性的增大降低了利率波动的幅度,利率对汇率的反馈机制有了一定的加强。实证检验证明,汇率改革后人民币汇率弹性的增大能稳定利率波动的假设只在长期内存在,而短期内人民币弹性的增大实际上加剧了利率的波动。     

Time Inconsistency and the Exchange Rate Channel of Monetary Policy

This paper analyses time–inconsistency problems related to the exchange rate channel of monetary policy. Within a simple open–economy macroeconomic model, where the exchange rate is the only forward–looking variable, we show that a difference emerges between optimal policy under discretion and under commitment. Moreover, the nature of the time–inconsistency problem resembles that resulting from standard New Keynesian models: when cost–push shocks occur, the exchange rate channel gives rise to excessive output stabilisation and insufficient inertia in monetary policy under a discretionary policy.
JEL classification : E 42; E 52; E 61