库存与运输联合优化利润分配研究

零售商和供应商库存运输联合优化(ITIO)利润分配是关系到双方切身利益,库存运输联合优化业务能否顺利开展,供应链能否开拓新的利润增长点,供应链能否提高竞争力的重要问题.本文把讨价还价模型引入ITIO利润分配中,建立了ITIO利润分配讨价还价模型,并使用逆向归纳法解出模型的完美贝叶斯均衡,再对ITIO利润讨价还价的完美贝叶斯均衡进行比较分析.研究发现:当ITIO利润分配在第一阶段达成协议时,双方利润分配份额大小不仅受自身的耐心程度影响,还要受对方的耐心程度影响;耐心程度越高供应商在第一阶段的报价不一定越高;具有较高分散优化利润的供应商不一定总报较低的价格;当ITIO联合优化利润分配进入第二阶段,那么零售商在第二阶段的最优利润分配比例与其分散优化利润和ITIO联合优化利润正相关,与其对供应商分散优化利润分布估值下限负相关.     

成品油物流配送运输优化研究

讨论了成品油运输配送的数学模型，并结合我国成品油配送的现状，力求应用数学模型优化处理成品油的运输问题，使之配送费用最小，以达到节约的目的；分析了现有营销体系下成品油运输分配的弊端，提出了改善现有配送系统．增强成品油销售企业市场党争力的具体建议。     

石油运输中的成本管理问题及优化对策

石油运输企业的建立与发展,是受石油企业发展影响的,石油运输企业要想长足稳定发展,提高其经济效益,必须对运输环节的成本进行管控。本文详细阐述了石油运输中成本管理存在的相关问题,并根据其存在的问题提出了几点优化对策。     

基于联合库存法的维修备件管理实践

通过对国内大型多晶硅企业TR多晶硅的运营成本研究,提出基于联合库存的维修备件管理成本优化策略,并通过企业实践将维修备件的库存金额下降7.82%,成功优化该企业的维修成本控制,有效响应公司低成本战略的目标和国家的国有企业体制改革政策。结合管理实践,提出普适性的设备维修成本控制方法论,对同类型企业开展维修成本控制和推行低成本战略有较高参考价值。     

浅谈石油运输中的成本管理问题

随着我国现代经济的不断发展,我国对于能源的需求量正在迅速增加,石油作为国际能源中的重要组成,其在我国经济发展中的地位也非常重要,因此我国的石油企业也在快速发展中.同时,石油运输企业也随着这股浪潮不断的发展,为了提高企业的经济收益,就应该对其运输成本进行严格的控制.本文即是对我国石油运输中的成本管理问题进行探讨,首先分析了我国目前石油运输企业的成本控制发展现状,并指出了目前我国石油运输成本过高、运输资源浪费以及运输收费不规范等问题.同时针对于相关问题提出了优化措施,以期能为相关工作提供参考.     

中国石油西北销售公司成品油运输分步优化探析

中国石油西北销售公司针对多资源点、多到货点、多运输方式并且存在中转和运力约束的难题,近年来在优化运输结构、提高运行效率、降低整体运费方面进行了探索和实践,提出了分步式优化整体运输方案的方法,即通过逐次计算公路经济配送半径、不同运输组合成本、全局最优运输方案,逐步得出整体成本最小的运输方案.     

三水平已二采区主运输系统及人员运输系统设计优化

由于己二皮带下山原设计层位选择不合理,巷道破坏严重,维修投资大于重新施工巷道投资,原设计为乘人皮带运量小、故障率高,公司要求不再上乘人皮带,需要重新考虑主运输、人员系统.本设计优化较好地解决了上述问题,达到投资省、工期短,系统合理的优化目的.     

三水平己二采区主运输系统及人员运输系统设计优化

由于己二皮带下山原设计层位选择不合理,巷道破坏严重,维修投资大于重新施工巷道投资,原设计为乘人皮带运量小、故障率高,公司要求不再上乘人皮带,需要重新考虑主运输、人员系统。本设计优化较好地解决了上述问题,达到投资省、工期短,系统合理的优化目的。     

库存成本控制下的盈余管理

上海梅山矿业公司于2004—2006年,在产销差异不大的情况下,当期实际发生的生产成本与结转的销售成本存在很大的差异,引起了笔者的关注,对此现象进行了分析。     

航空公司营销成本分析研究

随着我国航空运输市场的竞争日趋激烈,各航空公司都加大了市场营销方面的投入,使得营销成本在航空公司的总成本中所占的比例越来越高.本文对航空公司营销成本进行了研究,指出在新的竞争环境下航空公司营销成本逐渐增加的原因;最后提出了有效的营销策略来控制公司的营销成本,为航空公司营销成本策略的制定提供理论依据.     

行业标准的营销策略研究:交易费用经济学的视角

在新古典经济学的世界里，由于预设了交易费用为零，决定了它不可能成为企业研究制定营销策略的有效经济学理论基础。恰恰在这一点上，交易费用经济学(TCE)有着巨大威力。本文从TCE的视角出发，在对经典的行业标准之战(Standards War)案例的分析基础之上，给出了行业标准形成过程的经济学分析与解释，并对一般行业的标准营销策略的制定提供了相应建议。     

跨国零售商在华战略及本土零售商的应对

本文从零售国际化过程视角构建了研究跨国零售商在华市场行为及本土零售商应对的框架体系。该研究把跨国零售商中国市场的扩张规模与速度、区位布局、进入方式、业态选择、本土化战略、从中国市场的撤退，以吸中国政府和本土零售商的应对视为一个互动的有机整体．在全面把握跨国零售商在华扩张规律的基础上，对本土零售商针对跨国零售商行为的特定战略进行了分析，从而预测了未来跨国零售商的战略走向，最后提出了中国政府及本土零售商的对策建议。     

Antecedents and consequences of opportunism in buyer–supplier relations: Research synthesis and new frontiers

Buyers and suppliers must concern themselves with opportunism, a phenomenon empirically established in exchange relationships. What causes firms to behave opportunistically? What are the consequences of firms' opportunistic behavior? To date, these antecedents and consequences have not been comprehensively synthesized. Herein, the opportunism phenomenon is revisited to expose research gaps and chart new directions that will enhance our understanding of buyer–supplier relationships. First, we provide a brief review of two critical theories of exchange that provide a theoretical foundation for opportunism. We next provide an overview of opportunism. Then each of the antecedents and consequences is discussed with emphasis on the contribution of each finding. Finally, and most importantly, several promising paths for further research are proposed.     

Incorporating uncertainty into a supplier selection problem

Supplier selection is an important strategic supply chain design decision. Incorporating uncertainty of demand and supplier capacity into the optimization model results in a robust selection of suppliers. A two-stage stochastic programming (SP) model and a chance-constrained programming (CCP) model are developed to determine a minimal set of suppliers and optimal order quantities with consideration of business volume discounts. Both models include several objectives and strive to balance a small number of suppliers with the risk of not being able to meet demand. The SP model is scenario-based and uses penalty coefficients whereas the CCP model assumes a probability distribution and constrains the probability of not meeting demand. Both formulations improve on a deterministic mixed integer linear program and give the decision maker a more complete picture of tradeoffs between cost, system reliability and other factors. We present Pareto-optimal solutions for a sample problem to demonstrate the benefits of the SP and CCP models. In order to describe the tradeoffs between costs and risks in an analytical form, we use multi-parametric programming techniques to more completely analyze the alternative Pareto-optimal supplier selection solutions in the CCP model. This analysis gives insights into the robustness of the solutions with respect to number of suppliers, costs and probability of not meeting demand.     

The control of intra-channel opportunism through the use of inter-channel communication

Within channels of distribution, there has been some degree of cooperation among channel members. In many cases, channel members actively cooperate with one another in competition against other channels. However, competing channels of distribution also have common interests, including controlling intra-channel opportunism. This research focuses on the use of social mechanisms for controlling intra-channel opportunism.This study investigates whether firms effectively employ inter-channel communication as a method of controlling opportunistic behavior. Under a social control mechanism, firms would pass along information concerning their channel member's reputation. Comparing two different types of firms within a single industry allows for the examination of how firm properties dictate the use of social control mechanisms.     

快速营销反应系统下的整合营销研究--兼论后工业时代的营销理论与方法

进入后工业时代后,企业应该建立快速营销反应系统,即CSMM营销系统。该系统包括四个主要营销工具：顾客关系管理、供应链管理、管理信息系统和市场物流系统。并将其整合成一个严密的营销系统。按照这种营销模式,企业应对按职能制组织形式设立的部门进行重新架构,以符合由顾客订单驱动的营销范式要求,用对顾客需求的“快速反应”进行市场竞争。因此,营销的研究范式也必须突破原来生产者主导营销形成的4Xs的研究范式。     

Paradigms of derived exchange value effects in market network

Customer consumption value ultimately derives from enterprise production the consumption benefits which originating from inter-organizational cooperation as well as the transferred and accumulated exchange value of the enterprise with external organizations. This study plans to clarify the effect of the derived exchange relationship on enterprise exchange value, and also to identify the network models of different derived effect relationships. An analysis of the Taiwanese public health system revealed both positive and negative exchange value effects that impacted relationships among actors in the overall health system. Four generic models were presented by analyzing the qualitative data from phenomenon of different types of inter-organizational exchange behaviors, and other more complex models deduced from four generic models were also proposed.     

The role of Internet auctions in the expansion of B2B markets

In the wake of the advent of the World Wide Web, businesses are scrambling to take advantage of changes in their markets. While the consumer side of the Web explosion has been much touted, it is the business-to-business (B2B) market that has quietly surpassed expectations. An important business model that is responsible for this new market expansion is the Internet or Web auction. Businesses are adapting traditional auctions to the instantaneous “real-time” advantage of the Net to reach new markets that were previously cost-prohibitive by reducing transaction costs. Advantages such as the size and scope of the audience are giving Internet auctions a major role in the emerging global economy. This article examines the enormous impact of Internet auctions on B2B markets. We look at the kinds of auctions being conducted and their relevance to emerging business paradigms. We examine the circumstances under which you choose to conduct Web auctions and their impact on pricing mechanisms, information asymmetries, and channel relationships.