论社会观念的功能、更新机制及健康标准

社会观念具有负功能、正功能、预见性功能及功能间的相互转化性;社会观念的更新机制是:社会转型是观念转型的物质基础,新旧观念的重新整合是观念更新的必然途径,现实和实践基础上的科学推理是观念发展的必要手段。我党提出的科学发展观是观念健康发展的根本标准。     

中国城乡老年健康及照料状况研究

人口老龄化背景下我国城乡的老年健康及老年照料问题日益严重.利用中国城乡老年人状况调查数据、全国残疾人抽样调查数据以及国家卫生服务利用调查数据,从两周患病率、慢性病患病率、残疾水平、自评健康以及健康预期寿命等方面分析了我国城乡老年人的健康状况,探讨了目前我国城乡老年人的照料提供来源.提出了人口老龄化趋势下提高老年健康水平,应时老年人口照料危机的政策建议.     

亲子亲合对农村留守儿童孤独感的影响研究

根据亲子沟通频率(高-低)、亲子亲密度(强-弱)将亲子亲合分为积极型亲子亲合、消极型亲子亲合、默契型亲子亲合、放任型亲子亲合四种类型。通过采用西安交通大学课题组与西南财经大学课题组2017年在四川省金堂县联合开展的留守儿童调查数据,探讨亲子亲合对农村留守儿童孤独感的影响。调查发现,四川省金堂县农村留守儿童存在较高的孤独感问题,基于logit模型进行实证分析发现,不同亲子亲合类型对农村留守儿童孤独感的影响存在差异,积极型亲子亲合有利于缓解农村留守儿童孤独感,默契型亲子亲合对农村留守儿童孤独感的缓解作用不显著,放任型亲子亲合加剧农村留守儿童孤独感。提出鼓励多元主体参与构建农村留守儿童关爱服务体系,促进农村留守儿童的健康成长。     

健康冲击对中国老年家庭资产组合选择的影响

利用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,研究健康冲击对老年家庭资产组合的影响.把健康冲击分为急性健康冲击和慢性健康冲击两类.遭受急性健康冲击时,老年家庭持有的风险资产减少;遭受慢性健康冲击时,投资于耐用消费性资产的量减少,但拥有房产价值的量增加;健康冲击对城乡老年家庭资产组合的影响不尽相同.     

中国老年贫困人口社会救助研究

我国拥有数量惊人的老年贫困人口,年老体弱的自然属性决定了贫困的老年人口更需依靠政府和社会的力量维持生存、摆脱贫困。但长期以来我国对老年人口反贫困问题的理论和实践都很落后,因此,立足于充分预测我国老年贫困人口的规模,从物质生活、医疗和心理层面完善对贫困老年人口的社会救助具有极大的理论和实践意义。     

生物恐怖对公众心理健康的影响及应对

[目的]探讨生物恐怖突发公共卫生事件对公众心理健康的影响及应对。[方法]通过分析生物恐怖事件的特点,探讨其对公众心理健康的影响,并提出应对措施。[结果]生物恐怖事件的发生,必然会给社会公众带来不同程度的心理影响。通过健康教育的普及,权威信息的及时发布以及切实的心理干预,可以有效降低公众的恐惧心理。[结论]生物恐怖事件对公众心理健康的影响,可通过有效的应对措施予以减轻或消除。     

年龄、临近死亡时间和老年人医疗费用——关于“红鲱鱼”假说的验证

年龄的增长是否必然带来医疗费用的增长?以往的实证研究仍存在争议。使用CLHLS数据,区分不同人群,采用两部模型研究年龄和临近死亡时间与老年人医疗费用的关系。研究发现:虽然在低龄群体中医疗费用随年龄增长而提高,但高龄群体随着年龄的增长医疗费用显著下降;在死亡样本中医疗费用随年龄的增长而下降,而存活样本中并未发现年龄的显著影响。然而,临近死亡时间越短则医疗费用越高,这一规律在各群体中保持稳健。临近死亡时间并未显著影响失能老年人的医疗费用,却显著提高了一年内死亡样本的照料费用。研究表明,寿命的延长并未导致医疗费用的增长,而是推迟了医疗费用高峰期的到来。为此有必要发展和完善临终关怀服务和长期照护保障制度,以降低老年人生命末期的医疗费用并提高生命质量。     

中国老年人照顾孙子女对老化态度的影响

采用2014年中国老年社会追踪调查数据探讨中国老年人照顾孙子女的现状、特点以及对老年人老化态度的影响.结果表明:我国有34％的老年人在照顾孙子女,较年轻、有配偶、受教育水平较高、城镇、健康的老年人照顾孙子女的比例更高;照顾孙子女对老年人的自我老化态度具有积极的预测作用,健康与年龄在照顾孙子女对老年人自我老化态度的影响中起调节作用;照顾孙子女对老年人的一般老化态度的预测作用不显著.     

日常生活方式对中国老年人口腔健康影响研究

随人们生活水平提高,口腔健康日益受到关注。使用中国慢病监测调查全国数据,对60岁以上老年人口腔健康状况进行描述,并利用多因素logistic统计分析方法对吸烟、饮酒、口腔卫生习惯、休闲看电视时间和主食蔬菜饮食频率等日常生活方式与口腔健康相关关系进行研究。我国60岁以上老年人群牙龈出血患病率为52. 27%,吸烟、饮酒、每日看电视时间,是过去12个月牙龈出血患病危险因素,曾看过牙、日常刷牙频率是牙龈出血患病保护因素。     

The Network Industry,Monopoly Regulation,and Social Optimum

This paper examines pricing policy, quality levels, consumer surplus and social welfare for the monopoly and non‐monopoly case. It is shown that given certain realistic assumptions, the network industry under unregulated monopoly would yield more social welfare than in the case of several producers in the industry, and would therefore be socially preferred.     

Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media

The concept of Social Media is top of the agenda for many business executives today. Decision makers, as well as consultants, try to identify ways in which firms can make profitable use of applications such as Wikipedia, YouTube, Facebook, Second Life, and Twitter. Yet despite this interest, there seems to be very limited understanding of what the term “Social Media” exactly means; this article intends to provide some clarification. We begin by describing the concept of Social Media, and discuss how it differs from related concepts such as Web 2.0 and User Generated Content. Based on this definition, we then provide a classification of Social Media which groups applications currently subsumed under the generalized term into more specific categories by characteristic: collaborative projects, blogs, content communities, social networking sites, virtual game worlds, and virtual social worlds. Finally, we present 10 pieces of advice for companies which decide to utilize Social Media.     

人力资本、社会支持与流动人口社会融入 ——以北京市为例

作为"首善之区",北京一直是很多流动人口向往和驻足的地方,也因此成为推进新型城镇化和流动人口市民化压力最大的城市之一。基于2017年北京市流动人口动态监测调查数据,分析了流动人口社会融入水平的整体特征、空间差异和影响因素。研究表明,北京市流动人口的社会融入总体水平不高且存在空间异质性。人力资本积累对流动人口的社会融入具有显著的影响,其中,跨城市流动经历有利于经济和行为融入的积累,而心理和文化维度的融入则依靠本地居留时间的增加。家庭、朋友、社区等层面的社会支持显著提升流动人口总体的社会融入水平。经济收入水平的提高是人力资本和社会支持影响流动人口社会融入的重要路径,但对不同类型人力资本和社会支持及不同维度社会融入的中介效应强度差异较大。     

The Association between Disclosure,Distress, and Failure

The quality of corporate disclosures has drawn increasing levels of criticism from Congress and the SEC. A subject of particularly intense scrutiny and action is the Management’s Discussion and Analysis (MD&A). This narrative, intended to provide an inside perspective on the reported results of the firm, is particularly important when attempting to evaluate the investment prospects of the marginal or poorly performing firm. However, managers may restrict the information content of the disclosure, raising potential concerns about ethical behavior. In this study, we employ a proprietary instrument to measure the quality of MD&A disclosures for a sample of firms entering financial distress. We evaluate the disclosure behavior of these firms in an effort to determine whether changes in the disclosure appear to be motivated primarily by economic or ethical concerns. We find, on average, that firms increase disclosure quality in the year of initial distress. However, sustained increases in disclosure quality are limited to firms that subsequently recover from the distress. The results suggest that observed changes in disclosure are driven primarily by economic considerations, rather than ethical ones, especially in good economic times.     

The Effect of Interpersonal Trust,Need for Cognition,and Social Loneliness on Shopping,Information Seeking and Surfing on the Web

This study contends that certain personality traits of e-consumers have an affect on their shopping, surfing and information seeking behaviors on the Web. Specifically, it is proposed that e-consumers who are low on interpersonal trust are less likely to shop on the Web due to their heightened concerns with Web security. Similarly, an argument is made that e-consumers who enjoy cognitively demanding processing tasks are more likely to use the Web for information search. Finally, it is posited that social loners will be selectively drawn to Web surfing. Findings from an empirical study are presented which support these assertions. Implications of this study for marketers and future researchers are discussed.     

美国医疗保障制度现状、问题与改革

美国的医疗保障体制是以私人商业医疗保险为主,由公共部门、私人部门和非营利性组织共同构成的,是全世界最复杂的医保体系。长期以来,美国的医疗体制因其高投入低产出———不覆盖全体国民、医疗保健可及性差以及制度缺乏公平性而为人垢病。因此,扩大医保的覆盖率和遏制费用飞涨成为医改主攻方向,美国政府和保险组织进行了一系列诸如管理保健和按病种付费等宏、微观的尝试和改革。从中我们可以得到一些对中国医疗体制改革有益的启示。