Organized crime and public spending: a panel data analysis

The aim of this paper is to investigate, empirically, what components of public spending imply a decreasing effect on organized crime and what components create opportunities for organized crime, discussing also the role of government efficiency. Using a panel data analysis, the results show a strikingly consistent pattern for the EU Member States. Organized crime mainly operates in the distribution of government spending for local public goods and public provision of private services. There is a decreasing effect on organized crime of the public expenditure devoted to education and social policy. Government efficiency in public spending is beneficial to limit the opportunities of the organized crime.     

The political economy of organized crime: providing protection when the state does not

Organized crime emerges out of the power vaccuum that is created by the absence of state enforcement, and which can have many sources: geographic, social, and ethnic distance, prohibition, or simply collapse of state institutions. Mafias and gangs are hierarchically organized and can be thought of as providing primitive state functions, with economic costs that are typically much higher than those associated with modern governance. Though organized crime cannot be completely eradicated, its control is necessary, since it can easily corrupt existing institutions of governance. Some thoughts on what can be done to control organized crime are offered.     

浅析E—Learning与企业应用

企业为了建立自身的核心竞争力，需要不断进行创新性的组织学习，文章通过对E—Learning的概念、基本内涵的介绍，阐述了这种信息化组织学习工具的优势和创新意义，并对E—Learning在企业的典型应用做了重点介绍。     

层次化计算机网络教学体系的研究

根据不同层次学生的学习需求,运用层次化的思想来组织计算机网络教学。文中对计算机网络的理论教学和实践教学进行了层次划分、并结合教学对象的特点,分类别、自定义、模块化的组织教学,形成了灵活的计算机网络教学体系。     

价值工程在施工成本控制中的应用

在项目施工中,针对企业管理中普遍存在的技术工作与经济工作脱节这一薄弱环节,应用VE方法把各专业人员组织起来,形成一个组织系统,进行工程管理,控制成本,可以达到提高工效降低成本的目的。各项目经理部可以按照项目管理责任书的要求,采用VE寻求到降低成本,达到管理目标的途径。     

Confronting the issue of substance abuse in the workplace: When organized labor and management work together

The focus of this report is to describe the efforts of management (Midwest Coca-Cola) and organized labor (Local 792, International Brotherhood of Teamsters) in attempting to confront the issue of substance abuse (drugs and alcohol) by employees covered by a collective bargaining agreement. The conclusion is reached that the experience at Midwest Coca-Cola's bottling facility is an excellent example of management and organized labor recognizing a common threat, arguing to deal with the threat, and attempting through joint action to confront the menace of substance abuse in the workplace.     

Organized crime and business subsidies: Where does the money go?

Business support policies are widespread in advanced countries, to foster employment and productivity. This paper analyses the role of organized crime in the allocation of public subsidies to businesses. We assemble an innovative data set on the Italian mafia at municipality level and test whether mafia-ridden municipalities receive a disproportionally higher amount of funds. We exploit exogenous variation at municipality level to instrument mafia activity and show that the presence of organized crime positively affects the probability of obtaining funding and the amount of public funds. Organized crime is also found to lead to episodes of corruption in the public administration sector. A series of robustness checks confirms the above findings.     

Just-in-time purchasing: a case study

This article presents a case study on how Hutchinson Technology Incorporated (HTI) organized and implemented just-in-time (JIT) purchasing.     

The costs of organized violence: a review of the evidence

I critically review recent studies that estimate those costs of violence and conflict that can emerge among organized political groupings, such as states, religious and ethnic organizations, guerillas and paramilitaries. The review includes studies that estimate direct and indirect costs due to internal conflicts (civil wars and other lower-level conflicts), terrorism, and external conflicts, including military spending. There are a number of key theoretical concerns on what counts as a cost, and, depending on the methods and evidence used, estimated costs vary widely. However, even minimum estimates are economically significant, especially for low-income countries. This is even more so when the costs of different types of organized conflict and violence are aggregated.     

Special Interest Protectionism and the Antebellum Woolen Textile Industry

A bstract .   Academic and nonacademic work focusing on special interest lobbying tends to ignore America's early history in favor of the 20^th century, leaving the origins of the organized commercial lobby vague. Using the antebellum woolen textile industry as a case study, this article finds that this industry was one of the first to demonstrate the potential benefits of interstate, interindustry coalitions for rent-seeking activities. Using pressure tactics frequently observed today, but innovative for the time, the industry was not only successful in obtaining relatively high legislated tariffs by 1828, it also altered the traditional congressional avenues for obtaining information from aggrieved parties. This article clearly demonstrates that organized and public lobbying by commercial interests has a longer history than is typically recognized.     

以水为核心的生态、行为复合中心——铜山县城中心城市设计

城市设计充分发挥自然生态资源的作用,以水为和核心,运用自然生态网络建设,功能空间交混组织和立体广场群构筑等方法,创造活力盎然、环境宜人和特色鲜明的县城中心。     

互联网商务模式创新管理

为了能够更好地对互联网商务模式创新进行详细、全面的分析与设计,文章在商务模式创新研究的基础上,从宏观角度、介观角度、微观角度分析互联网商务模式创新管理的方法和步骤,并把这些方法和步骤有机地组合起来,形成一个互联网商务模式创新管理的框架。     

浅谈对电厂基建和技改工程竣工图管理的想法

工程档案,建设工程档案是由工程文件经鉴定、整理、归档后形成的。项目工程档案主要包括工程前期文件、工程施工文件、工程竣工验收文件、竣工图及设备厂家资料图纸等。     

浅谈价值工程在市政工程项目管理中的运用

市政工程项目价值工程管理是一种价值为导向的有组织的创作性活动,利用管理学的基本原理和方法,以建设项目利益相关者的利益实现为目标,增加项目,系统或服务的价值,最终最大限度地实现项目利益相关者的满意度。     

废旧军用航空器材回收处理中心回收模式设计与建模

对废旧军用航空器材回收处理中心回收模式进行了设计,提出了三种回收模式,即回收处理中心直接回收、第三方物流回收、航空器材保障单位回收三种回收模式,并对三种回收模式进行了建模。     

基于互联网的工程项目集成管理的构想

针对我国工程管理实践中的问题，提出以工程项目为核心，利用现有的互联网来组建虚拟的企业网络，以提高工程管理界的信息化水平，实现工程项目集成管理，并对工程项目集成管理的组织结构和相应的系统软件做了一些探讨。     

Exploring the determinants of anti-mafia entrepreneurial behaviour: an empirical study on southern Italian SMEs

This study analyses organized crime from an economic perspective and highlights the crucial role of extortion in mafia activities. From an economic viewpoint, we debate the conditions that lead companies to resist mafia extortion. To study the reactions of firms to extortion, we adopt an institutional perspective and consider the contribution of different theories in the socially responsible behaviour and organized crime literature, in an attempt to understand this complex entrepreneurial behaviour better. A sample of 116 southern Italian SMEs, whose entrepreneurs have publicly opposed mafia extortion, was selected. By adopting a matched-pair design, anti-mafia firms were subsequently matched against a control sample. Determinants of anti-mafia behaviour were investigated by using both unconditional and conditional logistic regression models, in order to regress the anti-mafia choice on a set of economic, demographic, governance, and control variables. The results show that both financial and governance variables are significant determinants of anti-mafia entrepreneurial behaviour (AEB), whereas demographic variables are not relevant.     

激活高中英语课堂 提高课堂教学质量

课堂教学是教师对学生进行素质教育的基本途径和主要形式。针对传统高中英语课堂教学中存在的问题,激活英语课堂,使其成为一个开放、互动、有序、善思、高效的新型课堂,对提高英语课堂教学质量具有非常重要的意义。     

激活高中英语课堂 提高课堂教学质量

课堂教学是教师对学生进行素质教育的基本途径和主要形式。针对传统高中英语课堂教学中存在的问题,激活英语课堂,使其成为一个开放、互动、有序、善思、高效的新型课堂,对提高英语课堂教学质量具有非常重要的意义。