Money,income, and exchange rate regimes: Evidence from the U.K.

This study examines the money-income correlation in the U.K. using monthly data over both fixed and flexible exchange rate regimes. Most previous studies find unidirectional causality running from income to money. The results presented here indicate that money and income are independent over the fixed rate period, while unidirectional causality runs from money to income over the flexible rate period. There are two major reasons for the difference between the results reported here and those provided by other studies. First, unlike the current study, previous studies employing U.K. data have tested for Granger causality using bivariate or trivariate tests which suffer from an omitted variables bias. Second, unlike many previous studies, the current study does not mix data from different exchange rate regimes.     

International trade and the U.S. automobile industry: Current research, issues, and questions

This paper has dual goals. On the one hand, it attempts a review of recent econometric work on the U.S. automobile industry. Three studies of this industry are reviewed, compared, and contrasted. These are studies by Koujianou Goldberg [Koujianou Goldberg, P., 1993, U.S. trade policy implications of a new approach to modelling the demand for automobiles, mimeo (Princeton University)], Feenstra and Levinsohn [Feenstra, R. and J. Levinsohn, 1994, Estimating markups and market conduct with multidimensional product attributes, Review of Economic Studies, forthcoming] and Berry et al. [Berry, S., J. Levinsohn and A. Pakes, 1994, Automobile prices in market equilibrium, Econometrica, forthcoming]. On the other hand, a number of current policy issues facing the industry are also reviewed. These issues include the Voluntary Export Restraint applying to exports from Japan, the NAFTA, anti-dumping law, and industry globalization. The paper provides a broad overview, then, of econometric and policy issues as they relate to the U.S. automobile industry.