中小科技型企业研发融资效率评价与策略——以北方沿海城市上市公司为例

构建了一个科技型中小企业研发融资效率的评价指标体系与模型。主要运用DEA方法的BC2模型模型,从效率、有效性、规模报酬三方面,对中小科技型企业的研发融资效率进行了评价与分析。结果表明,北方沿海城市科技型中小企业研发融资综合效率偏低,技术效率是导致研发融资效率整体偏低的主要因素,DEA有效企业比例仅占15%,并且非DEA有效企业具有投入冗余而产出不足的特点。通过有效性分析和规模报酬分析进一步印证了这一结论论。为提高科技型中小企业研发融资效率资效率,从企业内部从企业内部管理、政府政策、融资方式、担保体系建设等方面提出了建议。     

融资约束、代理成本与企业研发效率——基于中国工业上市公司的实证研究

本文以2004~2012年我国工业上市公司中已披露研发费用的企业为样本,采用随机前沿分析方法研究融资约束和代理成本对企业研发效率的影响,主要得出以下结论:融资约束对企业研发效率有显著的正向影响;而代理成本与企业研发效率之间呈现出显著的负向关系;企业的融资约束可以缓解代理成本对企业研发效率的负向作用。此外,本文的实证结果还表明,国有控股企业的研发效率低于非国有控股企业的研发效率,而且企业研发并没有随着研发强度的提高而产生规模效应。     

高科技风险企业融资的战略创新

一、生命周期融资战略研究高科技风险企业的生命周期特点,针对每个周期阶段的不同情况制定并实施相应的融资战略,对于促进高科技风险企业的快速发展具有重要作用。(一)种子期。种子期是高科技风险企业的创业前期,属于高新技术的酝酿和发明阶段。高新技术研发者的资金往往由研发     

经济可持续增长与科技税收政策的关联性分析

经济可持续增长对科技税收政策提出了挑战，本文通过对我国高科技税收政策的现状及作用与现行税收政策的局限性的分析，提出了完善我国科技税收政策的思路——对高科技产业率先实行消费型增值税，制定鼓励企业自主开发高新技术的税收政策，尽快统一内外资企业所得税的税收政策。     

有形动产融资租赁税收政策解读及应用

税收政策调整和变化是影响有形动产融资租赁行业发展的重要因素。文章研究了有形动产融资租赁行业税收政策变化趋势,分析融资租赁企业如何利用"营改增"税收政策积极进行税收筹划,进而提高业务规划的科学性和指导性,促进企业健康发展。     

高科技企业研发人员绩效管理体系优化设计研究

如何在激烈的市场环境中不断提升企业竞争力，是当今高科技企业共同面临的课题。高标准的技术研发能力是保持高科技企业竞争力的核心，而技术研发能力的高低取决于研发人员的绩效水平。研发人员属于知识型员工，具有特殊性，优秀的研发人员具有勇于创新的精神和善于创新的能力，能够贡献更高的绩效。科学合理的绩效管理能够有效提升研发人员绩效水平，提升研发能力与产出效率，是高科技企业抢占市场机会，提升企业竞争力的重要手段。对此，本文对知识型员工、绩效管理等相关概念进行了概述，梳理了高科技企业研发人员绩效管理机制优化设计的原则，并提出了注意事项，以期提供借鉴和参考。     

“营改增”后融资租赁的税收问题与建议

＂营改增＂后,融资租赁企业相关税收政策发生了较大变化,这对行业的发展具有推动作用,但具体税收管理规定的变化给融资租赁行业也带来了不可忽视的影响,需要从税收政策调整和企业自身经营上采取应对措施。     

“营改增”后融资租赁的税收问题与建议

"营改增"后,融资租赁企业相关税收政策发生了较大变化,这对行业的发展具有推动作用,但具体税收管理规定的变化给融资租赁行业也带来了不可忽视的影响,需要从税收政策调整和企业自身经营上采取应对措施。     

高科技企业融资渠道分析

高科技企业逐渐成为经济发展的增长点,相对于其他传统企业而言,高科技企业有着自身的特点。文章通过对高科技企业不同融资渠道的特点及其资本结构进行分析得出如下结论:高科技企业不同发展阶段应选用不同的融资渠道。但总的来说,高科技企业应以权益融资为主。     

信息不对称对技术创新融资的影响及其治理

通过分析我国中小高科技企业技术创新融资中信息不对称的原因及其对融资产生的影响,提出了结合我国基本国情、金融体系的现状及中小高科技企业的实际,通过建立有效率的融资机制、加大政府支持、创新融资手段等措施,减少中小高科技企业融资中的银企信息不对称,促进企业持续发展的建议.     

税收优惠政策能否激励中国企业创新？——基于创新链视角的探究

选取2007—2019年中国上市公司的面板数据，从创新链视角探究税收优惠政策如何激励中国企业自主创新。研究发现，税收优惠政策对企业创新链的投入、产出以及效率环节均有显著激励作用。通过更换估计模型、构建工具变量等稳健性检验后，研究结论依然成立。异质性分析发现，税收优惠政策在创新投入端对非国企研发资金投入激励效果更强，对于国有企业研发人员投入以及企业创新链产出端激励效果更强；对于处于高技术行业的企业，税收优惠政策在企业创新链各个环节的激励作用都比非高技术行业企业更强。研究为企业创新决策、优化税收优惠政策增加了新的认知，为实施创新驱动发展战略提供了有益启示。     

Do tax reductions stimulate firm productivity? A quasi-natural experiment from China

Tax reductions for firms in the real economy are important reforms to address slowdowns in economic development in the complex current social and economic situation. To deeply explore the influence of tax reductions on firm development, this article considers firm total factor productivity as an indicator. A policy allowing accelerated depreciation of fixed assets implemented in 2014 and 2015 is taken as a policy shock to construct a gradual difference in difference (DID) model. Based on data from listed companies in China from 2010 to 2018, this article studies the influence of the policy on firm total factor productivity. The empirical results show that the policy significantly and sustainably improved the total factor productivity of the pilot firms. The policy improved productivity mainly by increasing corporate investment in fixed assets, stimulating R&D spending, and alleviating internal financing constraints. Further results reveal that the productivity effect of the policy is more prominent in non-state-owned enterprises and labor-intensive or growth-oriented enterprises. The research in this article helps deepen the understanding of the micro-foundations of the effects of tax reductions and provides a reference to leverage the micro-effects of such policies.     

公司战略与研发支出会计政策选择

利用2009—2015年中国A股非金融上市公司数据考察公司战略对研发活动中会计政策选择盈余管理的影响。研究发现：相比于采取防御型战略的上市公司，采取进攻型战略的上市公司更可能利用研发支出资本化进行盈余操纵。进一步的研究表明，在企业融资需求高、融资难度大时，激进的进攻型战略更可能导致上市公司利用会计政策进行盈余管理。在采用多种方式测试结果稳健性后，结论仍然成立。     

Environmental regulations in private and mixed duopolies: Taxes on emissions versus green R&D subsidies

In this article, we compare two kinds of environmental regulations—emissions taxes and green R&D subsidies—in private and mixed-duopoly markets in the presence of R&D spillovers. We show that a green R&D subsidy is better (worse) than an emissions tax when the green R&D is efficient (inefficient), irrespective of R&D spillovers, whereas the existence of a publicly owned firm encourages the government to adopt a subsidy policy. We also show that the optimal policy choice depends on R&D efficiency and spillovers. In particular, when green R&D is inefficient and the spillover rate is low (high), the government should choose an emissions tax and (not) privatize the state-owned firm. When green R&D is efficient, however, an R&D subsidy is better, but a privatization policy is not desirable for society, irrespective of spillovers.     

Innovation dynamics and fiscal policy: Implications for growth,asset prices,and welfare

We study the equilibrium implications of different fiscal policies on macroeconomic quantities and welfare by utilizing an endogenous growth model that matches asset pricing data well. The fiscal instruments of interest are (i) subsidies to R&D expenditure, consumption and capital investment, and (ii) cuts in labor and corporate tax rates. Our equilibrium analysis provides new insights on the interplay of innovation dynamics and fiscal policy. Importantly, we find growth and welfare to be inversely related when changing R&D subsidies. However, this depends on how well the model reproduces asset pricing dynamics. Moreover, only subsidies to capital investments and cuts in the corporate tax rate have the potential to increase both growth and welfare.     

高新技术企业研发费用的财务管理探析

在新的时代,中国企业之间的竞争变得更加激烈。为获得竞争优势,高新技术企业应继续开发创新,规范研发支出的投融资,享受企业所得税优惠政策。同时,中国正处于经济快速发展阶段,技术革命已成为现代企业发展的重要推动力。研发投资中的财务处理问题已成为高新技术企业界关注的焦点。它不仅影响企业的经营状况,而且关系到企业未来的发展潜力。从加强高新技术企业研发费用管理的重要性出发,论文分析了在我国新经济发展的大气候下,高新技术企业研发费用财务处理中存在的漏洞,提出了解决问题的对策,为相关企业的管理人员提供参考。     

金融化、财政激励与企业投资结构

财政激励政策对企业投资结构的调整具有重要影响。实证研究结果表明,财政激励政策会促使企业选择提升权益性投资比重,且这种促进作用具有递减倾向。其中,税收返还和财政贴息会显著促进企业权益性投资比重升高,研发补贴则会促进企业固定资产投资比重升高。进一步以企业融资效率为中介变量进行检验发现,财政激励可以通过提升企业融资效率进而促使企业提升权益性投资比重。因此,在利用财政激励政策工具调节企业投资结构时,应充分考虑企业金融化水平,以避免企业投资结构出现失衡。     

中小高新技术企业融资方式的效率评价及政策建议

资金短缺问题长期制约着我国中小高新技术企业发展的高成长性。在积极拓宽与创新多种融资渠道的同时,政府应通过政策的引导来鼓励支持高效融资方式的优先发展。本文在分析中小高新技术企业融资方式及效率影响因素的基础上,运用模糊数学方法评价和比较不同融资方式的融资效率,进而根据评价结论提出在构建多元化融资体系的基础上优先鼓励企业内源融资,并加强政府基金支持力度和加快发展其他高效融资方式等政策建议。     

Efficiency evaluation of China's high-tech industry with a multi-activity network data envelopment analysis approach

This paper employs a Russell multi-activity network DEA model and divides the overall innovation process into the upstream Research and Development (R&D) process and the downstream commercialization process to appraise the innovation performance of China's high-tech industries from 2009 to 2013. This model can deal with the problems of intermediates, shared inputs and slack-based measure in a unified framework, and the result can provide policy makers with process-specific information on how to improve the innovation performance of China's high-tech industries. The main findings are presented as follows. First, the overall efficiency of China's high-tech industries still remains at a low level, which has its roots mainly in commercialization inefficiencies other than R&D inefficiencies. Second, for most provinces, their R&D efficiencies do not match up with their commercialization efficiencies. Finally, the innovative activities of China's high-tech industries should be driven by the market demand -oriented for the improvement of innovation efficiency.     

The effects of public support schemes on small and medium enterprises

In this paper we will investigate the effects of direct grants and tax incentives on recipient small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Direct grants and tax incentives are two different public instruments used to correct market failure and facilitate innovation through lowering the cost of R&D. Although large and small firms innovate in different ways, so far limited empirical evidence has been reported with respect to the effectiveness of public R&D instruments for SMEs. Our data suggests that direct subsidies used alone or with tax incentives strengthen the R&D orientation of the SME as well as some aspects of innovation output and absorptive capacity. Although the effects of policy measures are significant when comparison is made to firms that did not use any of the two instruments, not much difference is found when users of direct grants are compared to those who used both the grants and the tax incentives. This result indicates the existence of limitations in the use of tax incentives by SMEs, and thus suggests that subsidies may be the primary instrument in SMEs.