浅谈内部控制信息披露及改进构想

建立完善的企业内部控制信息披露制度，是提高上市公司信息披露质量的基础。针对当前在内部控制信息披露方面存在的许多问题，监管部门要建立健全披露制度、明确披露主体、统一披露格式、强化注册会计师的审核责任，并加强对其监管。     

我国上市公司内部控制信息披露研究

随着我国内部控制规范体系的逐渐形成,内部控制信息披露的相关制度也日趋成熟。但从内部控制制度的执行情况来看,上市公司的内部控制信息披露并不乐观,尚存在如自愿性信息披露动机不足、披露内容缺乏实质、流于形式、公司内外监管力度不强等问题,阻碍了证券市场的规范运行,降低了信息的有用性。本文通过分析目前我国上市公司内部控制中存在的信息披露问题及其形成原因,提出了相关的完善内控披露的措施,以期能够对上市公司今后内部控制信息披露的规范化有所帮助。     

我国上市公司内部控制信息披露研究

随着我国内部控制规范体系的逐渐形成,内部控制信息披露的相关制度也日趋成熟。但从内部控制制度的执行情况来看,上市公司的内部控制信息披露并不乐观,尚存在如自愿性信息披露动机不足、披露内容缺乏实质、流于形式、公司内外监管力度不强等问题,阻碍了证券市场的规范运行,降低了信息的有用性。本文通过分析目前我国上市公司内部控制中存在的信息披露问题及其形成原因,提出了相关的完善内控披露的措施,以期能够对上市公司今后内部控制信息披露的规范化有所帮助。     

我国上市公司内部控制信息披露的探讨

随着经济全球化的发展,市场经济的竞争日趋激烈,企业利益相关者对会计信息提出了更高要求,上市公司内部控制信息披露问题更加受到关注,建立起严格的信息披露监督体系显得尤为必要。上市公司的内部控制信息一方面是真实地反应企业内部经营信息,从而作为企业提高自身管理效益和经营效益的依据;另一方面作为上市公司涉及到许多利益相关者,企业的内部控制信息很难从其他渠道获得,只能根据披露的报告中反映的信息来进行投资决策,所以规范信息披露制度对于完善国内的投资环境,促进我国证券市场健康发展都有正面的作用。但从现实的角度来看,国内对上市公司信息披露行为的监督还不够健全。本文围绕我国上市公司内部控制信息披露展开探讨,对于存在的主要问题和成因进行了分析,并提出针对性意见。     

北京市上市公司内部控制缺陷披露状况研究

在上市公司内部控制的评价审计过程中,内部控制缺陷的披露对审计结果起着重要作用。然而目前上市公司对内部控制缺陷的披露体系并不完善,致使相关信息没有被全面、充分、具体地披露。主要原因是因为没有明确统一的内控缺陷的概念界定,分类以及认定标准。本文就我国北京市上市公司内部控制缺陷信息披露的现状和存在的问题进行了分析,并提出相应的改善建议。     

江苏省上市公司内部控制信息披露分析

2008年5月22日我国颁布了《企业内部控制基本规范》,自2009年7月1日起施行,标志着我国内部控制制度建设取得了重大突破,为上市公司内部控制信息披露的规范运作提供了重要的指导条件。笔者以江苏省上市公司为研究对氛对其2009年内部控制信息披露情况进行了研究分析,并针对内部控制信息披露中存在的问题提出了几点建议,以期为监管机构及上市公司完善内部控制信息披露提供参考。     

我国交叉上市公司内部控制信息披露研究

在《企业内部控制配套指引》即将在我国交叉上市公司首先施行的背景下,本文研究了我国交叉上市公司内部控制信息披露的现状,分析了我国交叉上市公司内部控制信息披露存在的问题,并对完善我国上市公司内部控制信息披露提出了建议     

上市公司社会责任信息披露的问题及对策

本文通过对公司社会责任信息披露内容的界定,结合公司社会责任理论,分析我国上市公司社会责任信息披露现状和存在问题,在借鉴国内外理论成果和实务经验的基础上,提出了建立和完善企业社会责任信息披露的建议。     

上市公司内部控制信息披露的问题和对策分析

内部控制制度是上市公司为了控制管理风险、提高企业经营效率采取的一项重要举措,开展内部控制信息披露有助于考察上市公司的经营管理状况和财务状况,可以引导企业管理人员正确的使用信息.当前我国上市公司内部控制信息披露工作中还存在很多问题,严重影响了企业的正常运营.本文主要对上市公司内部控制信息披露的问题进行了具体的分析,并提出了针对性的完善对策,希望可以促进上市公司的健康稳定运行.     

上市公司内部控制缺陷披露现状探查——基于沪市A股经验数据

随着《企业内部控制基本规范》和《企业内部控制配套指引》的逐步实施,我国上市公司内部控制缺陷信息的披露情况有了逐步提升.本文以2010-2012年间沪市A股上市公司披露的内部控制相关报告为研究对象,详细描述了这三年间沪市A股上市公司内部控制缺陷信息的披露情况.研究发现,披露内控缺陷的公司数量在逐年增加,信息披露方式趋于规范化,内部控制整体水平有所提高,存在缺陷的公司表现出了一定的行业特征.同时也发现内部控制缺陷信息披露仍然存在信息含量低等问题,针对这些问题,笔者提出了相关的政策性建议.内部控制缺陷情况的研究,一方面考察了我国上市公司对制度的执行情况,另一方面也为内控制度建设提供了经验证据.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…