论中国遭遇反倾销制裁的原因和应对举措

随着中国加入世贸组织，我国的对外贸易也进入了一个新的发展阶段，反思中国遭受的外国反倾销制裁，令人痛心。本结合反倾销的发展历史，分析我国所遭受的反倾销指控的原因，以及他的应对机制．目的在于建立一个集监测与预防、应对与反击于一体的反倾销机制，以便更好地维护我国对外贸易秩序，推动经济的发展。     

我国反倾销现状与应对机制

反倾销作为保护贸易的一种非关税壁垒,被发达国家广泛使用。随着我国对外贸易总量快速增长,出口产品遭遇大量反倾销诉讼,中国已成为反倾销最大受害者,这成为发展我国对外贸易必须解决的重要问题。我国应尽快推进经济体制改革,完善反倾销应对机制,减少国外对我国反倾销案件,促进我国对外贸易和经济的高速发展。     

完善预警机制 有效应对反倾销

近年来,中国已成为全球遭受反倾销调查最多的国家,这对我国的对外贸易,及至整个对外经济交往都产生了不利的影响。建立我国出口产品被诉反倾销的预警机制,则是有效地应对反倾销的重要措施。成熟的反倾销预警机制,不但可以对出口目标国提出的反倾销投诉的可能性进行预测,还可以利用此平台让国内企业了解海外市场情况,为国内企业最大限度地获得应有利润。     

论我国应对国外反倾销机制的构建

国外对华反倾销已经影响了我国经济的发展,构建我国应对国外反倾销的机制已经成为当务之急。我国应从预警、应诉、激励、保障等方面构建应对国外反倾销的机制,从而减少国外对我国的反倾销指控,促进我国对外贸易的发展。     

反倾销对我国外贸的影响及应对措施

近年来,随着我国对外贸易的快速发展,出口产品遭受的反倾销案件呈明显上升趋势。我国已连续9年成为世界上遭遇国外反倾销措施最多的国家。因此,应深入了解和把握我国遭受的反倾销的现状及其对我国外贸发展带来的负面影响,采取正确的应对措施,为今后在反倾销领域维护我国企业的利益创造有利环境和条件。     

外国对华产品反倾销制裁及我国的应对策略

近几年来,我国成为世界上遭受反倾销调查与贸易制裁最多的国家,反倾销调查与贸易制裁,严重影响了我国对外贸易,给我国企业带来了严重损失。本文分析了我国企业面临反倾销制裁的严峻形势,探讨了我国企业遭遇反倾销的原因,提出了应对反倾销的措施。     

入世过渡期结束后中国应对反倾销的问题刍议

中国自入世以来,对外贸易高速发展。快速的经济发展和不断扩大的对外贸易在产生积极影响的同时,也引发了贸易摩擦数量的攀升,中国已连续十一年成为世界上遭受反倾销最多的国家。随着入世过渡期的结束,中国目前的反倾销政策还需要进一步完善,才能更有效地应对和化解所遭遇的反倾销,促进中国对外贸易的继续发展。     

WTO成立后国际反倾销案件的国别与行业分析

WTO成立以后,传统贸易壁垒保护国内产业的作用进一步减弱,反倾销以其有效性和合法性成为各国频繁使用的贸易保护手段。通过考察1995—2006年国际反倾销数据,针对国别差异和所涉及行业,分析了国际反倾销的新趋势与特点,比较了发达国家和发展中国家反倾销特点的差异;此外,对东亚和我国所遭受的异乎寻常的反倾销给予重点关注,指出应对针对我国的国际反倾销将是我国对外贸易发展中的一个长期任务。     

浅析美国对华反倾销

在进入21世纪后,随着中国对外贸易的发展,中国与其主要贸易伙伴的贸易摩擦也频频发生。作为美国的第二大进口国,中国历来被视作是导致美国高额贸易赤字的根源所在。因此,中国就成为遭受美国反倾销最为严重的国家。本文在分析美国对华反倾销的现实状况的基础上探讨了中国频频遭受美国反倾销的原因,并相应地就中国企业在应对美国反倾销时应注意的问题提出了一些笔者的建议。     

从反倾销谈我国对外贸易的可持续发展

近年来,随着我国对外贸易快速增长,同时也屡次遭受国外反倾销制裁,对我国国际贸易,国家经济发展产生巨大影响,反倾销已成为我国国际贸易发展的一大障碍.本文以科学发展观为指导,在可持续发展的视角下,分析了我国遭受反倾销的原因,并提出了应对策略.     

THE DIFFERENCE OF LAW ON ANTIDUMPING BETWEEN CHINA AND U.S

According to the statistics, China＇s total volume of foreign trade has exceeded 1 billion dollars in 2004. From 1997 to 2004, China began the Anti - Dumping investigation against the foreign products. Now, China is the world＇s biggest injured state of anti -dumping investigations. With the continuous come down of China＇s tariff, there are more and more dumping of foreign products in China. With increasingly severe anti - dumping lawsuits, we must be conscientious and make a good job of studying the basis of anti - dumping law and practice of the western countries, especially the USA. So that we can speed up the improve of China＇s anti - dumping legislation.     

现阶段印度对华反倾销的实践特点及对策

反倾销是保护国内产业健康发展，维护公平贸易环境的一个重要手段。中国出口产品频遭印度反倾销制裁已成为中国对外贸易的主要议题。本文分析了现阶段印度对华反倾销的实践特点，并分析了其形成的原因。最后，分别从几个方面探讨了规避印度对华反倾销的若干对策建议。     

中国食品行业应诉国外反倾销的特点

近年来,中国食品行业在国际市场上屡遭反倾销投诉,企业损失惨重。因此,深刻了解国外对中国食品行业反倾销调查的特点,并采取相应措施,已成为中国企业进一步开拓国际市场的当务之急。针对上述现状,并结合国外对中国食品行业实施反倾销的四个特点,对其遭遇反倾销的原因及损害进行了深层次的分析。中国食品行业应该培养并形成自己的核心竞争力,并强化反倾销意识,这样可以从根本上改变食品行业出口频频遭遇反倾销的状况。     

Tariff Liberalisation and Increased Administrative Protection: Is There a Quid Pro Quo?

Theoretical models and intuition suggest that the amount of non‐traditional protection such as anti‐dumping duties will increase as more traditional forms such as tariffs are lowered under multilateral trade agreements. This paper is the first empirical study of the role of tariff liberalisation in the spread of anti‐dumping. Through both correlations and regression approaches we analyse the relationship between tariff concessions made during the Uruguay Round trade negotiations and the filing of anti‐dumping petitions, with particular interest in whether multilateral trade reductions have spurred the recent growth in new users of anti‐dumping policies. We find that, at least for developing economies, tariff reductions agreed to under the Uruguay Round not only increased the likelihood of a country using anti‐dumping protection but also the total number of anti‐dumping petitions filed by countries.     

更倾销之战——内部瓦解

近年来,中国产品出口频频遭受国外反倾销调查和诉讼,中国已经成为反倾销调查和诉讼最多的国家之一.我国学者纷纷提出应对策略.本文就内部瓦解策略进行了论述,包括争取进口商加盟;聘请反倾销提起国的知名律师;充分发动反倾销国的消费者;在国外建立反倾销预警机制.     

Anti‐dumping duty circumvention through trade rerouting: Evidence from Chinese exporters

We study the evasion of US anti‐dumping duties by some Chinese exporters through trade rerouting via third countries or regions. Using detailed monthly trade data reported by China and the US Customs during the period of 2002–06, we find that US anti‐dumping actions against China lead to a stronger positive correlation between US imports from third countries and Chinese exports to the same third countries. Such a positive correlation is more pronounced for the products subject to anti‐dumping duties (treatment groups) than similar products not subject to these duties (control groups). The evidence is stronger for less‐differentiated products whose certificates of origins are easier to be modified and is stronger for third countries where the rerouting cost is low. These findings are consistent with a trade rerouting story, rather than a simple story of trade diversion (i.e., increase in some third countries' imports from China) and trade deflection (i.e., increase in some third‐country exports to the US). We also rule out other alternative stories, consider prior production in third countries and concurrent anti‐dumping actions against China or third countries, pay a particular attention to the many zero trade flows in the monthly level data and check the robustness to using an alternative control group and quarterly data, etc.     

Anti‐dumping Protection in a Liberalising Country: Mexico's Anti‐dumping Policy and Practice

The use of anti‐dumping policy has been steadily growing in recent decades, and so has the theoretical and empirical literature on anti‐dumping. However, while developing countries as a whole have become at least as active as the ‘traditional’ anti‐dumping regimes (the USA, the EU, Canada and Australia), the literature is almost exclusively concerned with the latter group. This article gives an overview of anti‐dumping policy and practice in Mexico, one of the leading ‘new’ anti‐dumping regimes. It assesses how anti‐dumping has expanded since the country began liberalising trade in the mid‐1980s, and discusses how the policy has been applied in a protectionist way that is not dissimilar to policy practice in the traditional user countries.     

中国遭遇反倾销和对外反倾销的指数比较分析

反倾销作为世贸组织允许各国所采取的一种抵制外来不公平竞争的手段之一,目前已经成为世界各国贸易政策和贸易救济的一个重要组成部分。各国由于经济发展水平、法律体系等方面的因素,在反倾销和遭遇反倾销方面存在着较大的差异,在运用反倾销手段保护本国利益方面也有所不同。本文通过大量数据分析,并构建若干指数,对我国反倾销与遭遇反倾销的情况进行国际比较,说明我国在世界反倾销中的地位,深入分析其特点和原因,最后指出了我国强化反倾销的重要战略意义。     

Anti‐dumping: What are the Numbers to Discuss at Doha?

While tariff barriers have decreased worldwide through various GATT rounds, anti‐dumping has surged to play a crucial role as the most important non‐tariff barrier. After much debate and opposition, anti‐dumping is on the agenda of the Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations and it is one of the most important issues, especially for developing countries as they are the main targets of this policy instrument. With this prospect, it is important to assess the relevance of anti‐dumping not only by focusing on traditional users but by analysing the experience of new users, which are now major players in the field. This paper improves upon existing studies by providing a comprehensive assessment on the use of anti‐dumping. First, data on the time pattern of worldwide implementations of anti‐dumping laws are presented. This time profile shows interesting relationships with legal developments in GATT and WTO dispositions. Second, usual sources of data are complemented with various other sources. This allows the inclusion of recent heavy users like China, Russia, Taiwan and Ukraine, which are ignored in similar studies but important for their trade volumes. This enlarged and updated dataset shows that new users are even more important than previously thought, with implications for the Doha negotiations.     

Product Heterogeneity and Cost Allocations in Contingent Trade Protection

The WTO allows members to impose contingent protection, including anti‐dumping duties, within agreed constraints. Anti‐dumping proceedings typically name a single captioned product but include large numbers of individual products within that caption. The inclusion of multiple products creates a variety of issues for both anti‐dumping and other contingent protection measures, issues that have been prominent in national actions and WTO dispute settlements, but have been largely ignored in research. This work focuses on the most important such area, the allocation of costs among products in anti‐dumping proceedings. We develop a comprehensive economic analysis for cost allocation issues, and couple it with the accounting tools that must be used for its implementation, to derive the first‐best allocation methods for anti‐dumping purposes. These results have direct relevance in other contingent trade contexts, such as injury determinations and subsidy pass‐through analysis.