我国众筹融资模式、风险及对策研究

众筹是互联网金融中的一种重要融资模式,它的出现在一定程度上迎合了当前我国金融体制下中小微企业融资难、融资贵的需求,逐渐成为一种适合于中小微企业和创业者的融资方式.本文在界定众筹的概念及发展现状的基础上,介绍了我国目前存在的商品众筹和股权众筹两种主要众筹形式,并对两种融资模式进行了对比,分析众筹融资模式存在的风险,最后对众筹融资的监管提出了政策建议.     

我国众筹融资模式及监管问题研究

众筹是互联网金融中的一种重要融资模式,它的出现在一定程度上迎合了当前我国金融体制下中小微企业融资难、融资贵的需求,逐渐成为一种适合于中小微企业和创业者的融资方式。本文在界定众筹的概念及发展现状的基础上,分析了我国目前存在的两种主要众筹形式——商品众筹和股权众筹,并对两种融资模式进行了对比,进而对众筹融资模式存在的风险进行了阐述。最后对众筹融资的监管和未来发展提出了政策建议。     

小微企业股权众筹融资的效率与风险分析

股权众筹对支持小微企业融资、建立多层次资本市场具有重要的意义,自2014年以来在国内发展迅速。本文从股权众筹的运作模式出发,基于信息不对称和制度经济学理论,分析其对小微企业融资支持的积极作用与风险,并针对股权众筹存在的问题提出对策建议,以促进我国互联网金融业健康发展,缓解小微企业融资困境。     

经济新常态下我国股权众筹发展建议——基于融资匹配及制度环境的视角

在我国经济新常态下,股权众筹对支持小微企业融资、促进经济结构调整及发展动力转换具有重要的意义。本文从股权众筹内在机制及外部约束两方面,分别讨论了股权众筹与小微企业融资、制度环境的匹配性问题,认为股权众筹作为一项创新的互联网金融模式,与小微企业融资具有较好的匹配性,但目前我国的信用基础及制度环境难以满足股权众筹大规模发展的需求。基于以上判断,本文对股权众筹提出了"明确定位、公私分开、分类监管"的发展思路以及相关监管建议。     

高科技小微企业众筹风险及其防范对策

随着经济全球化的发展,高科技小微企业在各国都如雨后春笋般迅速崛起,成为当今市场上最为活跃和最有发展潜力的群体,他们从初创期开始就和科技与创新紧密相关,是未来高科技大型企业的发展基础.随着互联网金融的发展,日渐兴起的众筹融资模式成为高科技小微企业的一种创新融资模式.本文将通过介绍和对比除了债券众筹之外的三大业务模式——股权众筹、回报众筹、捐赠众筹,对其在发展中所面临的风险问题进行探究,并相应地提出应对风险的策略建议,揭示众筹这一融资模式对高科技小微企业筹资的支持力度,为众筹模式今后的发展提供借鉴.     

众筹融资—小微企业融资新途径

虽然是社会经济发展的重要基础,"融资难"问题一直是小微企业发展过程中的最大困扰。互联网经济创造的一种打破传统"融资难"桎梏的融资模式——众筹融资,无疑为小微企业的融资开启了新大门。本文首先介绍我国小微企业融资难的现状,其次分析众筹融资模式的由来及发展状况,通过比较小微企业众筹融资的优势及风险,分析众筹融资对小微企业融资的适用性,最后,对我国中小企业"众筹"融资提出合理化建议。     

银行众筹:破解小微企业融资困境新途径

小微企业在我国国民经济发展中起着举足轻重的作用,然而,融资难融资贵已成为小微企业发展的绊脚石。众筹作为小微企业融资的新模式,以其低成本、高效率的融资优势保持着强劲的发展势头,但其风险也不容小觑,公信力不佳是阻碍众筹发展的最大瓶颈。本文从商业银行的业务需求、搭建平台的优势和运行模式分析,提出了结合银行的公信力和众筹的融资模式,由商业银行搭建众筹融资平台的设想。这或成为有效解决小微企业融资问题的新途径。     

我国众筹的困境与出路——美国JOBS法案的经验借鉴

众筹是一种基于互联网的面向大众的融资方式,这种创新的融资方式有利于缓解中小微企业融资困难的局面。因此,众筹尤其是股权众筹,给中小微企业带来了新的发展机遇。近年来,中国众筹行业发展迅速,然而在此过程中,合法性和投资者保护问题也日益凸显。美国JOBS法案的成功经验对我国众筹发展带来了较好的启示,主要有以下几点:建立众筹融资豁免注册制度、设立众筹平台准入要求、建立众筹投资者适当性制度、建立领投人备案制度、设立众筹融资行为规则。     

从P2P与众筹视角分析中小微企业互联网金融融资模式

P2P与众筹是新互联网时代背景下兴起的两种金融融资模式,使得中小为企业的融资方式更加便捷与高效,从而为中小微企业的不断壮大与快速发展提供了充足的资金支持。但是,当前的P2P及众筹融资模式兴起时间较短,其运行方式还不够完善与规范,从而制约了两种互联网金融融资模式的高质量应用,不能较好地为中小为企业筹集到充分的发展资金。本文将从P2P与众筹视角详细分析中小微企业互联网金融融资的健康模式。     

解析创业融资之新亮点——众筹

正创业融资难是一个普遍存在的问题,即使存在天使投资、VC,也无法从根本上解决众多创业企业的融资问题。随着互联网的进步,尤其是社交网络的发展,国内外出现了一种新兴融资方式——众筹(Crowdfunding)。所谓众筹,是指依靠群体性的合作,人们通过互联网平台汇集资金,用以支持他人或其他组织发起的项目。长期以来,我国存在严重的创业者融资难和小微企业融资难的问题,那么众筹这一互联网金融的产物能否有助于创业型企业解决融资问题呢?本文将通过分析众筹的概念、基本类型与运营模式、国内外众筹的发展     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Short-sale refinancing and price adjustment speed to bad news: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Short selling may accelerate stock price adjustment to negative news. However, the literature provides mixed evidence for this prediction. Using short-sale refinancing and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model, this paper explores the effect of short selling on stock price adjustment. Our results show that (1) short-sale refinancing improves the speed of stock price adjustment to negative news. This result holds after we control for endogeneity. (2) The positive relationship between short-sale refinancing and stock price adjustment speed is significant in subsamples of stocks with higher earnings management or lower accuracy of analyst forecasts, indicating that firms with more opaque information are more likely to be targeted by short sellers. In subsamples of stocks with a higher ownership concentration or lower ownership by institutional investors, short selling is more likely to increase the speed of stock price adjustment, indicating that ownership structure may influence negative news mining. (3) As short-sale refinancing exacerbates the absorption of bad news by stock prices, it increases crash risk. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of short selling and provides empirical evidence supporting regulations on short selling in China.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note: