外商直接投资的动态挤入挤出效应——基于全国及地区差异的分析和检验

针对FDI的静态挤入挤出效应不能反映中国经济发展不同阶段中FDI对国内投资影响的差别.本文将Agosin和Mayer模型扩展为一个动态的模型,并对FDI的静态及动态挤入挤出效应进行了实证研究.结果表明:FDI对全国国内资本产生了挤出效应,对东、中、西部地区分别产生了微弱的挤出效应、显著的挤入效应及严重的挤出效应;从FD...     

FDI对中国国内投资的挤入和挤出效应及进入壁垒对该效应的影响——基于行业面板数据的重新检验

本文通过构建FDI与东道国国内投资关系的理论模型,利用2003～2006年中国八大行业的面板数据实证检验了FDI对中国国内投资的挤入和挤出效应及进入壁垒对该效应的影响。研究结果表明:从总体上来看,FDI对国内投资产生了显著的挤入效应,在进入壁垒较高的行业存在并不显著的挤出效应,而在进入壁垒较低的行业却存在明显的挤入效应。     

FDI对中国国内投资效应的行业间研究

本文在分析FDI对国内投资挤入挤出效应机制基础上,采用2003～2008年中国各行业FDI和国内投资数据,具体分析FDI对不同产业内部的挤入、挤出效应。研究结果表明:呈现挤入效应的行业数量在增多,而呈现挤出的行业数量相对减少;产业的关联效应以及产业结构的相似性都是影响FDI对中国国内投资挤入挤出效应的重要因素。     

FDI对其国内投资的挤入挤出效应的研究

本文首先介绍了FDI的挤出和挤入效应,然后从理论上对其展开阐述。首先从FDI的溢出效应推动国内投资量的增加和质的提高和FDI的关联效应带动国内投资的增加来阐述挤入效应。之后从微观、中观、宏观三个层面深入阐述FDI是如何挤出国内投资的,即其运作机理。最后本文针对前面分析到的一些现象,对我国现阶段FDI提出一些政策建议,尽量减少其对国内投资的挤出效应。     

外商直接投资对国内资本形成的挤出效应分析

外商直接投资(FDI)引致经济增长的路径,存在着不同的解释,从已有的文献来看,无论是遵循新古典还是新增长理论的分析框架,都暗含着FDI与国内资本存在互补关系,忽视了FDI对国内资本的挤出效应,即FDI的流入可能会降低国内资本形成规模和速度,进而对经济增长产生影响,本文通过总量和产业两个层次上对FDI与国内资本形成进行分析发现:从总量上来看,外资并没有对国内资本产生挤出效应,而从产业结构上来看,绝对挤出效应并不存在,相对挤出效应确实存在,并且,外资也倾向于向相对挤出效应大的行业进行投资。     

外商直接投资独资化挤出国内投资吗?:基于工业行业要素密集度异质性的视角

近年来我国外商直接投资(FDI)日益明显的独资化趋势引起了学者的关注。文章阐述了外商独资相对合资、合作对国内投资的挤入挤出效应差别和影响机制,并利用工业领域37个主要行业2003~2015年的面板数据进行了实证检验。对全行业及资本技术密集型行业而言,当期的外商独资对国内投资有挤出作用,但滞后一期的外商独资则会减弱FDI对国内投资的负向作用,挤入国内投资;而在劳动密集型行业,外商直接投资对国内投资的挤入挤出效应并不受投资方式的影响。     

外商直接投资独资化挤出国内投资吗?:基于工业行业要素密集度异质性的视角北大核心CSSCISSCI

近年来我国外商直接投资(FDI)日益明显的独资化趋势引起了学者的关注。文章阐述了外商独资相对合资、合作对国内投资的挤入挤出效应差别和影响机制,并利用工业领域37个主要行业2003~2015年的面板数据进行了实证检验。对全行业及资本技术密集型行业而言,当期的外商独资对国内投资有挤出作用,但滞后一期的外商独资则会减弱FDI对国内投资的负向作用,挤入国内投资;而在劳动密集型行业,外商直接投资对国内投资的挤入挤出效应并不受投资方式的影响。     

外商直接投资对东道国国内投资的“挤入”与“挤出”效应——来自中国数据的经验证据

本文根据中国1979-2009年的数据,对FDI与中国国内投资之间的关系进行了分析。研究结果表明,FDI与国内投资之间存在着长期稳定的均衡关系;从长期来看,FDI对于国内投资具有一定的挤出效应;而在短期内,FDI对国内投资具有较强的挤入效应,国内投资对FDI也具有较强的挤入效应。     

外商直接投资对中国经济增长影响的实证分析

本文分析了1981～2004年外商直接投资和中国经济增长的关系。分别考察了外商直接投资与对外贸易、人力资本及国内投资的相互作用对中国经济增长的影响,实证结果表明,FDI通过影响中国的对外贸易有力促进了中国经济增长;FDI对提升中国人力资本水平的作用不明显;FDI对国内投资存在挤出效应。在实证研究的基础上,本文最后分析了FDI对中国经济增长的净效应并得出了相关结论及启示。     

宁波FDI对国内投资的挤入挤出效应——兼论WTO过渡期结束后宁波的引资对策

FDI对不同区域的挤入挤出效应是不同的。对宁波市1990年至2005年数据的实证研究表明，宁波FDI对国内投资的挤入挤出效应呈中性。为避免FDI对国内投资“挤入效应”的衰减、“挤出效应”的凸现，未来宁波应该尽可能引导和鼓励FDI投向第三产业，投向有较强关联度的产业，并积极引进具有较强技术溢出效应的企业。     

FDI AND DOMESTIC INVESTMENT IN TAIWAN: AN ENDOGENOUS SWITCHING MODEL

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of the FDI decision on domestic investment in the case of Taiwanese manufacturing firms. In addition, we also consider the deferral effect of the FDI decision and the role of firm size. To this end, this paper takes advantage of an endogenous switching model from which consistent estimators are obtained after correcting for the self‐selection problem. The empirical results show that the effect of these manufacturing firms’ FDI decisions on domestic investment is significant within the firms. Furthermore, a crowding‐out effect of FDI on domestic investment is found when Taiwanese firms engage in defensive FDI. Finally, FDI is found to have a positive influence on the domestic investment of the larger firms, while the influence is negative in the case of the smaller firms.     

劳动力供给、生产率与外商直接投资工资外溢效应

本文利用中国1999-2007年441个四位码工业行业数据,考察外商直接投资在产业内部和产业之间,通过直接影响劳动力市场供给方式和间接生产率外溢方式对中国内资行业的工资外溢效应。研究结果表明:(1)外商直接投资(FDI)通过直接和间接方式对中国内资行业工资在产业内部和产业之间都产生了显著的正向外溢效应;(2)国有行业比重提高会显著促进FDI通过劳动力供给方式对内资行业产生工资外溢效应,但同样会显著阻碍FDI通过间接的生产率外溢方式对内资行业产生工资外溢效应;(3)FDI对内资劳动密集型行业的工资外溢效应显著高于资本密集型行业,FDI进入显著缩小了中国不同劳动生产率工业部门的工资收入差距。     

Heterogeneity of FDI Export Spillovers and Its Policy Implications: The Experience of China

This paper explores the magnitude and heterogeneity of foreign direct investment (FDI) export spillovers in China. Using a Heckman sample selection model estimated over a rich firm‐level dataset in China's manufacturing sector from 2000 to 2003, we find that FDI exerts significant impacts on the exporting behavior of domestic firms, and such impacts are heterogeneous in that some firms receive positive impacts while others receive negative impacts. The heterogeneity of FDI spillovers has significant policy implications as it indicates that government policies need to be more specific and targeted in order for the benefits of FDI to be reaped.     

Investigation of the “China effect” on crowding out of Japanese FDI: An industry-level analysis (1990–2004)

This paper applies a dynamic panel model to investigate whether China is crowding out Japanese foreign direct investment (FDI) from other economies of Asia. We examined this with industry-level data on Japanese FDI flows into Asian economies. In order to deal with possible problems of serial correlation and endogeneity, we estimated coefficients using a difference and system generalized method of moments to examine the “China effect” on industries. We found a significantly high degree of crowding out effect by China on its Asian counterparts. Among twelve industries, a crowding out effect was found in nine industries, including electrical &; electronics—the biggest industry for Japanese FDI. However, a complementary effect was found in two industries, one of them being transport, which is the second biggest industry for Japanese FDI. We conclude that while China's rise is a prominent threat for the region, it could be transformed into an opportunity in vertically fragmented industries.     

Dynamic Linkages between FDI Inflows and Domestic Investment: A Panel Cointegration Approach

This paper analyzes the dynamic relationship between FDI inflows and domestic investment for a panel of selected countries by means of panel cointegration and causality techniques. Specifically, the paper provides empirical evidence regarding the existence of possible crowding in or crowding out effects between FDI inflows and domestic investment, accounting for the location and the level of development of the host countries.The paper was presented at the International Atlantic Economic Conference in London, March 9–13, 2005. The authors wish to thank the participants of the Macroeconomic Topics session for their valuable comments on an earlier draft. We would also like to express our gratitude to G. Chortareas and G. Konteos for helpful comments and suggestions. Nevertheless, the usual disclaimer applies.     

The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Malaysia: A Revisit

Abstract

The paper re-examines the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Malaysia, for the period 1970–2006. The cointegration results show that market size of both Malaysia and China have major, and a statistically significant impact, on FDI inflow to Malaysia. The results seem to support the argument that foreign investors tend to be more attracted to the country with a higher growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) because it indicates a larger potential demand for their products. In addition, the results also demonstrate that openness level of the country has a positive and statistically significant effect on FDI inflow, which supports the hypothesis that FDI can be attracted to a country with more liberalized economic reforms. Finally, the results show that literacy rate (human capital development) has significant positive effect on FDI inflow. The finding suggests the need for labor force expansion and education policy to raise the stock of human capital in the country. Using Granger causality test, we also find that there exist unidirectional causality from real GDP of both Malaysia and China, degree of openness and literacy rate to FDI inflow.     

The role of FDI in domestic exporting: Evidence from China

This paper investigates the impact of FDI on domestic exporting firms. We show that domestic firms respond to an increase in the presence of FDI by increasing their exports even though the increase in foreign presence can drive up production costs and make the domestic market more profitable. Our test case for this hypothesis is China, where we confirm the significant positive impact of FDI on domestic firms’ exports. This finding sheds light on the massive exports and rapid inflow of foreign investment that have been observed in China in the past three decades.     

A general equilibrium analysis of FDI growth in Chinese services sectors

This paper analyzes one of the features of the Chinese economic transition, namely, the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) accruing to advanced services sectors. To that aim we use an innovative computable general equilibrium (CGE) model that includes, in a multi-regional setting, foreign multinationals operating in monopolistic competition. The model is based on data that split the world economy in 2016 into 11 regions (China - US - EU27 - Great Britain -other advanced economies - India - Japan - South East Asia - Latin America - Middle East - Sub Saharan Africa) and 21 sectors. We provide quantitative evidence on several characteristics of the 21 sectors in China, EU27 and the US, as well as other data on the role of China in the global stage, including its evolution since 2004. Several scenarios focusing on the increase of FDI inflows in services, because of the reduction of its FDI barriers, are simulated deriving short and long run results. We find that the impact of more foreign multinationals in services is positive for China but smaller than the one that had been obtained in other previous studies on FDI in manufactures. This is due to the still limited role of services in the Chinese economy and to a crowding out effect that domestic firms experience after the entry of foreign multinationals. On the whole the impact is, however, slightly positive for China, because manufactures benefit from the entry of foreign services multinationals. The rest of regions are unaffected or benefit very slightly, due to the fact that services production is less export oriented and more devoted to private consumption than in the case of manufactures. However, their manufacturing sectors are slightly harmed by the stronger Chinese competition. Many of them manage to more than offset this latter trend through higher exports or FDI in services directed to China.