浅议任期经济责任审计风险防范

一、任期经济责任审计风险概述 任期经济责任审计风险,就是审计机关或审计人员在对任期经济责任人审计过程中,对离任人应当负有的主管责任和直接责任判断失误,发表了与事实真相或经济责任不相符合的审计评价或结论,造成被审计人和有关方面的损失,引起审计主体承担这种损失责任的可能性.     

经济责任审计风险成因及防范

审计环境日趋复杂化,经济责任审计的特殊性决定其审计的风险尤为突出,如何正确认识经济责任审计风险并采取有效的措施防范,已成为审计领域必须关注的问题。本文阐述经济责任审计、经济责任审计风险的涵义,介绍我国经济责任审计风险的主要类型,进而分析经济责任风险的成因,并提出相应的防范措施。     

高校领导干部任期经济责任审计风险防范的思考

“积极稳妥、量力而行、提高质量、防范风险”是指导高等学校领导干部经济责任审计工作的原则。其中防范经济责任审计风险是提高经济责任审计质量,促进经济责任审计制度实施的关键。审计部门做出真实、准确的反映经济责任人履行经济责任情况的评价是保护组织、爱护干部、规范管理的措施之一,同时也是反映组织是否有效执行经济责任制的一个方面。一、高校领导干部任期经济责任审计风险的成因1.高校领导干部任期经济责任审计的特点形成的风险。由于高校任期经济责任审计的对象是领导干部,处于领导位置,易使其所在单位的有关人员不敢反映真实情…     

风险控制视角下的会计软件功能审计探析

本文从风险角度对会计软件的业务功能模块以及系统维护模块进行审计风险分析,了解到会计软件的双面性.正确了解会计软件功能审计的风险,便于我们掌握各个功能模块的审计重难点,降低审计风险,提高审计质量.     

浅谈地勘单位内部审计风险责任

文章结合地勘单位的现状,对地勘单位内部审计承担的审计风险责任及如何避免和减轻风险责任,提高审计质量,提出了意见.     

新时期审计风险及解决途径探讨

当今世界 ,经济全球化浪潮势不可挡 ,国际间的商品、资本、知识、劳动力、信息的交流 ,达到了前所未有的规模。随着投资范围的扩大和企业经营的国际化 ,会计、审计的国际化已成为必然 ,这给中国审计发展创造了新的机遇 ,同时也给审计实践带来了新的风险 :审计风险是审计人员遵守了审计准则 ,但却提出了错误的审计意见的风险。这也是审计实务探讨的问题 ,审计人员应谨慎工作 ,充分考虑审计风险 ,以保证审计工作的质量。　　 一、影响审计风险的因素分析1、审计准则和审计实务国际化带来的审计风险。随着世界范围内的分工和贸易不断发展 ,各国…     

单位负责人如何防范会计责任风险

新<会计法>的一个重要特点是突出了单位负责人在单位财会工作中的责任,即使"会计凭证、会计账簿、会计报告和其他会计资料必须符合国家统一会计制度的规定"、"对单位的会计工作和会计资料的真实性、完整性负责".会计责任的这一重大转变,一方面可以有效避免因单位负责人驱使、授意甚至胁迫会计人员造假而产生的会计信息失真可题,别一方面也对单位负责人提出了新的要求和考验.如何贯彻执行<会计法>,有效防范会计责任风险,成为单位负责人面临的当务这急.     

经济责任审计风险的思考

由于法规制度不够健全和完善，我国经济责任审计存在着风险，如何采取有效方法对风险加以控制和防范和是摆在我们面前的一项重要任务。本文就经济责任审计风险特征入手、分析了经济责任审计风险成因并提出了经济责任审计风险的控制的措施。     

论审计风险的成因与控制

正2001年的银广厦、黎明等上市公司的审计失败,美国安然的会计丑闻等国内外一系列的会计事件,再一次为审计风险敲响了警钟。随着市场经济的发展,社会审计的范围逐渐拓宽,人们对审计的期望越来越高,审计职业的责任也越来越大。社会经济生活的复杂性和不确定性,增加了审计的难度,相应地也产生了一定的审计风险。为此,正确认识审计风险,增强审计风险意识,积极有效地预防和控制审计风险,加强审计风险管理,提高审计质量,使审计在维护市场经济秩序方面起到应有的作用,是当前审计界关注的     

如何规避经济责任审计风险

随着市场竞争加剧，经济领域中产生了许多不确定的因素，使得经济责任审计风险日益突出。加强经济责任审计风险管理，有效控制和规避审计风险，提高审计质量，在现实审计工作中已实属必要。     

The Simultaneous Hedging of Price Risk, Crop Yield Risk and Currency Risk

This study analyzes the joint hedging decision of a Canadian firm in U S. based price and yield futures. The key results of this study are that jointly hedging price and yield can reduce more revenue risk than hedging only with price futures. For offshore hedgers, the evidence shows that foreign exchange risk is important and can be reduced by jointly hedging in the currency futures markets.
Nous analysons les décisions de couverture multiple d'une entreprise canadienne contre les risques afférents aux prix et aux rendement à terme. Les conclusions clés de l'étude sont qu'une couverture simultanée contre ces deux risques peut accorder une meilleure protection qu'une couverture établie seulement contre les risques des prix à terme. Pour ceux qui font affaire avec un pays étranger, l'expérience montre que le risque afférent au taux de change est important et qu'il est possible de le réduire en se couvrant en měme temps contre les risques affectant la valeur à terme de l'argent.     

Risk and the Value of Bt Corn

A conceptual model is developed to evaluate the effect of Bt corn on risk. Results highlight the importance of distinguishing between marginal and aggregate risk effects and demonstrate that the effect of Bt corn on risk depends crucially on the price paid for the technology. Empirical results show that, depending on the price, Bt corn can be marginally risk increasing or decreasing and can either increase or decrease corn acreage. Also, depending on the price, Bt corn can provide a risk benefit to farmers, even when Bt corn is risk increasing.     

Income Risk,Consumption Security and the Poor

Households in developing countries have to deal with large fluctuations in income without being able to rely on formal insurance and credit markets. This paper presents an overview of the ways in which poor households attain consumption security and shows that doing so in the absence of security enhancing institutions is costly, especially for the poor.     

Credit Risk and the Demand for Agricultural Loans

This paper uses the lender–borrower relationship to provide insight into the impirical estimation of loan demand/contract curves for agricultural loans. Loan demand is shown to be determined partly by lenders'willingness to provide debt. The implicit solution to the loan contract curve in the lender–borrower relationship is derived from the cumulative probability distribution function of loan losses, which is the same measure used as the dependent variable in credit scoring models. Consequently, empirical estimation of loan demand can be obtained from credit scoring models. This paper presents the theory and then provides loan demand estimates and elasticities using Farm Credit Corporation cross-sectional and time-series data. Empirical estimates indicate the possibility of a backward-bending loan demand curve, which may indicate some credit ationing in agriculture.     

Specification and Estimation of Production Risk, Risk Preferences and Technical Efficiency

This article deals with specification and estimation of risk preferences, production risk, and technical inefficiency. It makes contribution in three separate areas of production economics. First, we model producers' attitude toward risk and derive risk preference functions (without assuming any parametric form of the utility function and any distribution of the error term representing production risk) when risk arises from production uncertainty and technical inefficiency. Second, the standard production risk model is extended to accommodate technical inefficiency and producers' attitude toward risk. Finally, the technical efficiency model is generalized to accommodate production risk and producers' attitude toward risk.     

试论订单农业的运行风险及防范机制

发展订单农业，对于提高农业市场化程度，增加农民收入，调整农业结构，促进农业产业化经营等具有重要意义。然而，由于农业订单从签约到履约有一段生产周期，在运行过程中面临诸多风险，如果没有一套风险防范、转嫁机制来分散和化解风险，履约方的损失将是巨大的，订单农业也难以为继。本文分析了订单农业在运行过程中可能面临的风险，论述了订单农业运行风险的防范、转嫁机制。     

Risk Perceptions, Risk Preference, and Acceptance of Risky Food

Consumers' risk preferences are often overlooked in studies of consumer demand for risky food. We find that risk preferences elicited through context-less lottery choices are significantly related to consumers' stated preferences for genetically modified (GM) food. These results suggest risk preferences elicited in the laboratory are not artificial in the sense that they appear to be related to the same risk preferences that govern other individual decisions such as food choice. Consistent with theoretical expectations, risk perceptions and risk preferences were found to be significant determinants of acceptance of GM food, which has important implications for explaining consumer behavior.     

Martingale Restrictions and the Implied Market Price of Risk

The market price of risk is conceptually one of the most critical artifacts of modern finance, since it provides the linkage between equilibrium and arbitrage models of derivatives pricing. In this paper, the market price of risk is derived for options on live cattle futures contracts. It provides a technique to extract the implied market price of risk (iMPR), which is conceptually similar to that used in extracting implied volatilities. It is shown that the iMPR is not linear across strike prices as theory suggests it should.
Le prix de marché du risque est conceptuellement l'un des artéfacts les plus importants de la finance moderne puisqu'il établit le lien entre les modèles d'équilibre et les modèles d'évaluation par arbitrage de l'établissement des prix des dérivés. Dans le présent article, le prix de marché du risque est dérivé pour les options sur contrats à terme de bovins vivants. Il offre une technique pour extraire le prix de marché implicite du risque qui est conceptuellement similaire à celle utilisée pour extraire les volatilités implicites. Il est montré que le prix de marché implicite du risque n'est pas linéaire pour tous les prix de levée comme la théorie semble l'indiquer.     

粮食生产与风险区划研究

本文根据“农业生产风险程度大致类似”和“农作物发展方向基本相同”的原则,选择“粮食单产变异系数”等4个风险区划主导指标,运用聚类分析法对全国粮食产地进行了风险等级划分。结果表明,粮食主产区,特别是北方主要产粮区的生产风险明显高于全国平均和非主产区水平。