离岸与在岸人民币汇率联动效应研究

随着香港离岸人民币汇率市场的发展,离岸人民币汇率价格体系不断地完善。本文运用Granger因果检验和BEKK-GARCH(1,1)模型,研究了在岸和离岸人民币汇率之间的价格溢出效应和波动溢出效应,结果显示:在岸人民币即期和远期汇率对离岸汇率能够产生较为显著的价格溢出效应和波动溢出效应;NDF汇率对在岸即期和远期汇率有显著地价格溢出效应和波动溢出效应;离岸即期汇率对在岸远期汇率有显著地价格溢出效应,但波动溢出效应较弱;离岸即期汇率对在岸即期汇率未产生价格溢出效应,但波动溢出效应显著。     

香港离岸人民币市场汇率预期与利率的联动效应研究

本文基于VAR-MGARCH模型对香港离岸人民币汇率预期与利率之间的动态变化关系进行了实证分析,研究发现,二者之间存在显著的均值溢出效应和波动溢出效应,离岸外汇市场和货币市场之间存在双向信息传导,且信息传导的显著性随着期限的不同而出现差异。根据以上结论提出以下建议:进一步提高信息透明度,积极引导离岸市场形成合理的汇率预期;定期对汇率均衡状况进行评估分析,释放升贬值压力;扩大离岸市场交易量,丰富离岸市场金融工具,促进离岸市场的深度发展等。     

香港离岸人民币市场与在岸人民币市场汇率之间的关联性研究

本文创新性地构建了由在岸人民币市场即期汇率(CNY)、香港离岸市场人民币即期汇率(CNH)、境外远期无本金交割市场6个月期汇率(NDF6)及1年期汇率(NDF12)、在岸远期6个月期汇率(DF6)及1年期汇率(DF12)组成的人民币汇率系统.然后,运用单位根检验、协整检验、Granger因果检验和GARCH模型等分别从平稳性、协整性、报酬溢出效应和波动溢出效应等方面对人民币汇率系统内的在岸即期汇率、离岸即期汇率、在岸远期汇率和离岸远期汇率之间的关联性进行了实证研究.研究发现,CNH对CNY存在报酬溢出效应,二者之间存在双向的波动溢出效应;CNH、CNY、NDF6和DF6间的关联性可能大于CNH、CNY、NDF12和DF12间的关联性.     

人民币CNH、CNY、NDF之间的收益率及波动的溢出效应研究

本文以探讨在岸人民币即期、香港离岸人民币以及无本金交割远期外汇市场的信息溢出效应作为切入点,通过构建三元VAR-DCC-MV-GARCH模型研究从均值和方差两个视角展开研究。此外,本文还结合研究结果提出了一些在岸市场如何掌握人民币汇率的定价权以更加稳步推动人民币国际化的参考性建议。     

干散货运价指数与中国进口铁矿石价格溢出效应研究

研究干散货运价与大宗原材料价格的溢出效应可以分析跨市场间的价格信息传导,进而规避风险。以BDI、BCI、中国进口铁矿石价格的日频数据为研究样本,通过建立VAR模型,引入Granger因果检验,探索三者之间的均值溢出效应;构建VAR-MGARCH-BEKK模型,研究三者之间的波动溢出效应。结果表明:BCI与进口铁矿石价格互相存在均值溢出效应;BDI对进口铁矿石价格波动持续性逐渐增强,BCI对进口铁矿石价格波动持续性逐渐减弱;航运市场居于跨市场系统主导地位。     

人民币离岸和在岸货币市场价格引导关系的实证研究

本文利用2013年6月23日至2019年12月31日的日度数据,通过构建人民币离岸和在岸货币市场利率的VAR模型,通过Granger因果关系检验、脉冲响应函数、方差分解等手段,研究了人民币离岸和在岸货币市场利率的价格引导关系。研究发现,人民币离岸和在岸货币市场利率之间存在长期稳定的关系,但不存在显著的引导关系,主要是由于离岸和在岸市场割裂所致。由此,本文提出了发展离岸货币市场、增强在岸货币市场定价权的政策建议。     

人民币境内外汇率差异原因分析

中国人民银行于2015年8月11日正式对外宣布将优化和完善人民币中间报价方法,所以"811汇改"成为我国人民币外汇市场改革进程中的重要举措,能够有效提升在岸银行间外汇市场中间价定价机制和人民币国际化的整个市场化进程。自从我国实施"811汇改"后,人民币离岸与在岸外汇市场之间的汇率呈现出显著的双向波动、汇率价差越来越大的特点。所以,对离、在岸人民币汇差的特点和影响因素的研究非常重要。文章结合理论和实证研究,对人民币离、在岸汇率价差的波动特点,通过建立科学实证模型对汇率价差的影响因素和传导路径等进行实证研究后的结果显示:离岸人民币资金存量对汇率价差具有显著的负相关作用,离、在岸利率价差与汇率价差呈显著正相关。此外,国际金融市场波动、离岸与在岸人民币外汇市场交易主体对汇率的预期、量化后的风险偏好、人民币利率、人民币汇率波动、资本项目管制等因素与离在岸人民币利率价差呈正相关。尤其是全球投资者风险偏好的改变会直接导致汇率价差的反向变动。     

离岸与在岸人民币市场利率联动效应研究

本文分析了离岸人民币市场与在岸人民币市场利率联动的机制,并运用VAR模型等定量的方法检验了香港离岸人民币市场与在岸人民币市场的联动关系。实证结果表明:离岸与在岸人民币市场的利率联动效应已经初步存在,但存在较明显的单边效应,在岸人民币市场对香港离岸人民币市场有显著的引导关系,反之不成立。据此,本文认为应从提供足够的离岸人民币存量、促进离岸人民币需求从投机转向投资等方面加快离岸人民币市场建设,还应从政策层面逐步放开离岸和在岸人民币市场的利率管制。     

香港人民币离岸市场与在岸市场的汇率联动效应实证研究

人民币国际化进程加速,香港人民币离岸市场作为人民币国际化的桥头堡汇聚了大量的离岸人民币。香港离岸市场成为投机者的天堂,对存在的人民币在岸汇率与离岸汇率之间的汇差进行疯狂的套利活动。本文通过实证研究香港人民币离岸市场与在岸市场的汇率联动效应。     

离在岸人民币利差与离岸人民币汇率联动关系

随着人民币国际化进程的不断推进,利率市场化与汇率市场化改革也加快进程,离在岸间利差促使套利的发生,利差与汇率之间也存在着一定的波动溢出效应,不同期限品种之间表现出不同的强度。文章将离在岸隔夜、一月期、三月期、六月期、一年期的利差与离岸汇率进行整理,并运用GARCH-BEEK(1,1)模型进行实证分析,发现除了六个月期利差与汇率间没有明显的波动溢出效应外,其余期限品种均体现出不同强度的波动溢出效应。     

The impacts of RMB internationalization on onshore and offshore RMB markets

Using the DCC-GARCH model, this study considers distinctive features of China's foreign exchange market to investigate the impacts of RMB internationalization on exchange rates in onshore and offshore markets in different stages during 2010–2017. The results show that policies concerning RMB internationalization, such as interest rate liberalization, exchange rate liberalization, and capital market internationalization, have different impacts on the central parity rate, onshore exchange rate, and offshore exchange rate. In terms of exchange rate liberalization, as the daily trading band was gradually widened in 2012–2015, the onshore exchange rate followed the offshore exchange rate more closely. The central parity rate functioned as a managed floating role. It stabilized onshore and offshore exchange rate fluctuations, while allowing partial marketization. After the exchange rate reform on August 11, 2015, the central parity rate plays a benchmark role based on a more market-oriented price formation mechanism. It makes the central parity rate regain pricing power in onshore and offshore markets. Further, it promotes exchange rate liberalization and RMB internationalization. Nevertheless, with the slowdown of China's economic growth and the narrowing of the interest rate differential between China and the US, the RMB is under pressure to depreciate, and its volatility increases significantly.     

Spillover Effect in the RMB Foreign Exchange Market: Based on VAR and DCC-MVGARCH Models

This paper analyzes the stability and marketization of the RMB exchange rate after China introduced the foreign exchange rate reform by linking the RMB exchange rate with the offshore and onshore markets on August 11, 2015 (“8/11”). Under the framework of dynamic analysis, through Granger causality test, VAR model and DCC-MVGARCH model, the empirical analysis is conducted about the three market exchange rate linkages of CNY, NDF and CNH from May 2012 to December 2018. Then, the direction and degree of the linkage between the RMB's offshore and onshore exchange rates before and after the“8/11” exchange rate reform are compared. The research results show that: (1) since the “8/11”exchange rate reform, the RMB exchange rate has become more flexible; (2) the price-determining power of the RMB exchange rate may be weakened, and policy adjustment should take effect; and (3) the prerequisites, under which the offshore market can play a role, are the development of the market itself. This paper proposes that: (1) the onshore and offshore markets should develop in a collaborative manner to further increase exchange rate elasticity and flexibility; (2) close attention should be paid to the relationship between the offshore and onshore markets, and policy determination and flexibility should be maintained; and (3) the offshore market should be improved and play a due role.     

Derivatives trading,volatility spillover,and regulation: Evidence from the Korean securities markets

Unlike the U.S. and Japanese securities markets, we find new evidence of volatility spillover between index stocks and non‐index stocks following the introductions of index derivatives trading in the Korean securities markets. We further find that the degree of volatility spillover is closely related to the level of market deregulation; significant return volatility spills over from non‐index to index stocks during deregulation period but in the opposite direction during post‐deregulation period. Our empirical results show that the former volatility spillover from non‐index to index stocks can be explained by the transitory contagion effect associated with the 1997 Korean financial crisis and the subsequent market deregulation, whereas the latter volatility spillover from index to non‐index stocks is attributed to the permanent information spillover effect. This latter evidence suggests that the information regarding investors' expectations on the future common market factors is first reflected into the return volatility of index stocks and then transferred to the trading of non‐index stocks against which derivatives are not traded. Our results are robust to different estimation and sample construction methods. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 29:563–597, 2009     

国际油价与人民币汇率的非对称溢出效应研究--基于VEC-BEKK-GARCH模型

石油作为重要的战略能源,其价格波动对全球经济的运行和发展会产生极大的影响。为测算国际油价与人民币汇率的均衡关系及非对称溢出效应,选取2008年1月~2019年7月的每日数据,在平稳性检验的基础上,综合运用协整检验和脉冲响应函数等方式,对二者的均值溢出效应进行测量;在VECBEKK-GARCH模型的支撑下,对其非对称波动溢出效应水平进行测算。研究结果表明:国际油价与人民币汇率的协整关系和均值溢出效应处于长期均衡状态;二者的非对称波动溢出效应是双向的,国际油价会随人民币汇率的变化呈现出时变性和持续性特征,而国际油价变动具备持续性特征时,人民币汇率随之产生变化。这种非对称波动溢出效应表明,无论国际油价如何变化,对人民币汇率的冲击都是非对称的。     

Half-day trading and spillovers

This paper investigates the linkage of returns and volatilities between the United States and Chinese stock markets from January 2010 to March 2020. We use the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) and asymmetric Baba–Engle–Kraft–Kroner (BEKK) GARCH models to calculate the time-varying correlations of these two markets and examine the return and volatility spillover effects between these two markets. The empirical results show that there are only unidirectional return spillovers from the U.S. stock market to the Chinese stock market. The U.S. stock market has a consistently positive spillover to China’s next day’s morning trading, but its impact on China’s next day’s afternoon trading appears to be insignificant. This finding implies that information in the U.S. stock market impacts the performance of the Chinese stock market differently in distinct semi-day trading. Moreover, with respect to the volatility, there are significant bidirectional spillover effects between these two markets.     

中国货币政策不确定性和宏观经济新闻的人民币汇率效应

基于2012年4月30日至2018年12月17日的银行间7天逆回购操作利率,本文首次使用波动率回归拟合的方法,从政策利率的角度改进中国货币政策不确定性指数,并进一步研究了在不同程度货币政策不确定性的情况下,人民币兑美元汇率对宏观经济新闻的反应。收集和构建10项宏观经济新闻后,本文发现当市场参与者普遍不能较为准确地预测未来政策变化的情形时,货币政策不确定性上升,在岸、离岸人民币兑美元汇率对宏观经济新闻的反应显著减弱。当货币政策存在较高不确定性时,市场对未来政策判断的分歧加剧,进而人民币汇率对宏观经济新闻的反应不足。在货币政策不确定性较高时,增加央行的汇率沟通,可以发挥其对宏观经济新闻的补充作用,同时增强市场对宏观经济基本面信息的反应。本文不仅丰富了货币政策不确定性的负面影响、经济后果以及宏观经济新闻的人民币汇率效应相关理论研究,而且为未来货币政策制定、调整和实施提供了有价值的依据,为货币当局进行有效外汇市场干预提供了经验参考。     

The Price Discovery Puzzle in Offshore Yuan Trading: Different Contributions for Different Contracts

The People's Bank of China (PBC) lifted yuan trading restrictions in July of 2010 that led to offshore yuan spot trading in Hong Kong. Based on causality analyses, we find that price discovery is absent between the onshore and offshore spot markets. However, we document the presence of price discovery between onshore spot and offshore nondeliverable forward (NDF) rates. These seemingly inconsistent results present a puzzle wherein one offshore market appears to be more informationally integrated with the onshore market than another. We conclude that price discovery differences in the offshore markets stem from the offshore spot and forward contracts tracking different aspects of yuan rates (e.g., the offshore nondeliverable rate tracks onshore spot rates whereas the offshore spot rate tracks onshore interest rates). Moreover, the introduction of offshore spot trading in Hong Kong has led to an increase in cross‐market price discovery between onshore spot and offshore NDF rates. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 34:103–123, 2014     

人民币在“一带一路”货币圈影响力分析——信息溢出效应及其作用渠道

本文运用溢出指数方法,定量测度了人民币与“一带一路”沿线主要货币汇率之间的溢出效应及其动态演化,并采用系统GMM方法,探究人民币汇率净溢出效应的作用渠道。研究发现:近年来人民币与“一带一路”沿线主要货币汇率之间的溢出效应在波动中有所提高,随着“一带一路”倡议的深入实施,人民币汇率净溢出效应逐步提升,在该区域的影响力逐渐增强。在“一带一路”区域内,人民币在亚洲和非洲地区的影响力较强,且对阿联酋迪拉姆和安哥拉宽扎的净溢出效应已超过欧元、英镑和日元等主要国际货币。在净溢出效应的作用渠道方面,“一带一路”国家对中国贸易附加值依存度对其有利,而人民币汇率市场化改革、第三方市场贸易竞争、全球商品价格指数和全球风险指数却对其不利。因此,应加强中国在“一带一路”区域价值链的主导能力和商品竞争能力,加速推动“一带一路”区域内的离岸人民币金融市场建设,加强人民币汇率的区域性风险管理。     

Volatility,global information,and market conditions: a study in futures markets

This study examined the behavior of return volatility in relation to the timing of information flow under different market conditions influenced by trading volume and market depth. We emphasized information flow during trading and nontrading periods that may represent domestic and offshore information in the global trading of currencies. Test results show that volatility was negatively related to market depth; that is, deeper markets had relatively less return volatility. Additionally, the effect that market depth had on volatility was superseded by information within trading volume. Test results focusing on the timing of information flow reveal that in low‐volume markets, the volatility of nontrading‐period returns exceeded the volatility of trading‐period returns. However, when trading volume was high, this pattern was reversed and conformed to the observations of earlier articles. Our findings proved to be robust across time, different currency markets, and different measures of return volatility. We also observed a trend toward greater integration between foreign and U.S. financial markets; the U.S. market increasingly emphasized information from nontrading periods to supplement information arriving during trading periods. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 21:173–196, 2001