欧盟一体化进程中的区域差距研究

本文对欧盟NUTS2地区的人均GDP、失业率、人力资本和研发支出占GDP比重等主要经济指标进行了对比,并通过不同的方法对欧盟区域差距进行测量。得出如下结论:欧盟成员国之间的区域差距有所收敛,但是成员国内部差距却呈现扩大的趋势。     

均衡发展——欧盟区域政策在西班牙和葡萄牙的实践

位于伊比利亚半岛的西班牙和葡萄牙是欧盟中的穷国,均于1986年加入欧盟.在欧盟区域政策,尤其是欧盟结构基金的支持下,两国经济发展水平与欧盟平均水平的差距逐渐缩小.     

地方财政投入效率的人口因素分析

构建DEA模型分析了我国29个地区对人口素质的财政投入效率,并利用受限Tobit面板回归分析效率的影响因素.省际技术效率差距在2000年之前有所扩大,但此后逐渐缩小.分区域来看,1993年开始,东部技术效率反超中、西部,并逐渐拉开差距.规模效率上,东部在大部分年份都要高于中西部.2000年之后,三大区域的规模效率差异有缩小趋势.经济增长、财政收入、教育水平、人口密度以及人口年龄结构对人口素质的财政投入效率有显著影响.分税制改革提高了西部地区在人口素质上的财政投入效率,但对东、中部没有显著影响.     

地方财政投入效率的人口因素分析

构建DEA模型分析了我国29个地区对人口素质的财政投入效率，并利用受限Tobit面板回归分析效率的影响因素。省际技术效率差距在2000年之前有所扩大，但此后逐渐缩小。分区域来看，1993年开始，东部技术效率反超中、西部，并逐渐拉开差距。规模效率上，东部在大部分年份都要高于中西部。2000年之后，三大区域的规模效率差异有缩小趋势。经济增长、财政收入、教育水平、人口密度以及人口年龄结构对人口素质的财政投入效率有显著影响。分税制改革提高了西部地区在人口素质上的财政投入效率，但对东、中部没有显著影响。     

转型期四大经济带收入差距变迁实证分析

转型期东、中、西以及东北地区四大经济带的发展差距引人注目,本文从收入差距的视角对转型期四大经济带的经济差距进行了实证验证,分析表明转型期四大经济带收入差距呈现扩大趋势,2000年以前各种收入差距逐年快速扩大,2000年以后扩大趋势有所缓和,但依然处于高位运行状态,文章还深入分析了不同区域组的收入差距,最后简要探讨了四大经济带收入差距的原因。     

中国区域经济发展的空间结构变化刍议

改革开放以后,中国的区域经济空间结构发生了一些变化,尤其是在实施了新规划之后,空间结构的变化更为显著。在中国,区域空间内的经济活动变化呈现出集聚与扩散的趋势,这种趋势现已影响到了区域经济增长和发展之间的差距变动。之所以会产生变化,是因为新规划实施之后,不平衡的区域经济发展空间格局受到了影响,促使区域经济的发展进入了相对均衡的时期。在本文中,阐述了中国区域经济空间结构的演化历程及影响机制,并分析了新规定实施之后,中国区域经济活动的空间结构变化及差距的变化。     

全球主要区域一体化安排下贸易效应的实证分析:1993-2003年

近10年来,区域一体化安排得到快速发展。这些区域一体化安排是全球一体化的铺路石还是绊脚石?本文通过对1993-2003年欧盟(EU)、北美自由贸易区(NAFTA)、东南亚国家联盟(ASEAN)、南方共同市场(MERCOSUR)和安第斯共同体(ANDEAN)5大区域一体化安排下贸易发展的特征及原因进行全面分析,在此基础上提出我国未来区域一体化安排的几点启示。     

欧盟禁止使用自由移动式制冷剂瓶

欧盟（EU）规定，从2007年7月4日起，凡是欧盟的船舶或挂欧盟船旗的船舶一律禁止使用自由移动式HFC制冷剂瓶。     

中国与东亚共同发展

经济全球化和区域经济一体化是当今世界发展的主要趋势,全球形成了以欧盟(EU),北美自由贸易区(NAFTA)和亚太经和组织(APEC)为主的三大区域经济集团。东亚国家陆续创造"东亚奇迹",伴随的中国的崛起,中国与东亚一些国家存在着领土主权争端,历史遗留问题和经济贸易摩擦等诸多问题,成为影响中国与东亚共同发展的重要障碍。解决好上述问题对于东亚地区的和平、稳定和共同发展以及实现中华民族复兴具有十分重要的历史和现实意义。     

中国水产品对欧盟出口的商品结构实证分析

本文收集了近10年中国水产品对欧盟出口的贸易数据,根据结构变化、分散度及比较优势等三种指数,对中国水产品出口到欧盟的商品结构进行实证分析,结果发现:2001～2010年,中国水产品对欧盟出口的多元化程度呈现"先下降,后缓慢上升"的趋势,但总体幅度不大;商品结构变化幅度2001～2006年呈现"低—高—低—高"的变化趋势,之后减少,2009年开始变化幅度增大;034和0372两类水产品在欧盟市场上具有一定比较优势,但竞争不强。     

Financing EU cohesion policy in Central and Eastern Europe

Following publication of Agenda 2000 the EU Commission has been criticised as overly optimistic on the budgetary consequences of the envisaged accession of a number of Central and East European Countries. This article briefly reviews the evolution of regional disparities within the EU and the impact of the Structural and Cohesion Funds on the present recipient regions. It then investigates whether it is financially feasible to extend EU regional policy to the five likely new CEEC member states without a major reform of the present system.     

Convergence,trade and factor mobility in the European Union — Implications for enlargement and regional policy

The accession of ten new members in May 2004 means a considerable increase in income disparities in the European Union. At what speed has income converged in the past and what role have changes in trade relations and factor mobility played in this? What projections can be made for the catching-up process of the new member states? And what conclusions should be drawn for the future of EU regional policy?     

The Dilemma of Enlargement for the European Union's Regional Policy

The integration of the former communist countries of central and eastern Europe into the European Union creates a dilemma for the EU's regional policy. The EU's expenditure on regional policy (its ‘active’ regional policy) has been guided by political reactions to deepening or enlarging the EU, not by a rational strategy for regional policy. In contrast, the strong EU instrument of state aid control, developed for competition policy (its ‘reactive’ regional policy) has been relatively successful in avoiding a national race of regional subsidies among the member states. We show that a shift from active regional policy to reactive, competition‐oriented, regional policies is the preferred way for the established member states to handle the challenge of enlargement. At the same time, however, this shift is politically difficult for the accession countries to accept, despite the fact that this shift might prove better for them economically. This regional policy dilemma is one of the major obstacles for the full integration of the accession countries into the EU.     

Unerwünschte Veränderungen der realen Finanzkraftreihenfolge im Länderfinanzausgleich

Given that the current fiscal equalisation scheme needs to be changed by 2019, this paper looks at reform proposals for the fiscal transfer system in Germany to take account of differences in regional purchasing power across states, i.e. differences in the costs of providing public goods and services. Two different reform proposals for a modified transfer system are examined. The first one extends the current fiscal transfer system by additionally allowing for disparities in regional purchasing power across states; the second one links fiscal transfer payments entirely to disparities in regional purchasing power across states. The results show that a transfer system that explicitly accounts for differences in regional purchasing power across states would noticeably reduce the actual volume of redistribution.     

中国-东盟区域经济一体化的产业转移效应

在区域经济一体化中,国际产业转移呈现出新的特点成员国的自愿性大大超过全球性的多边贸易体制;将安排更多的经济合作内容;促进成员国之间开展"产业内贸易";促进成员国之间开展"产业内投资".中国一东盟之间的区域经济一体化对产业转移的推动体现在经济资源配置进入更广阔的空间,贸易自由将推动投资自由,中国市场拓展有利于东盟的经济发展;区域经济一体化之下的产业转移给中国与东盟都带来发展效应.     

Cohesive Growth in Europe: A Tale of Two Peripheries

Intereconomics - Over the last two decades, income disparities between EU member states tended to decline, particularly before the financial crisis. While Central and Eastern Europe caught up with...     

欧洲经济一体化过程中法律趋于一致及其启示

欧洲经济一体化不仅在经济、贸易合作方面取得令人瞩目的成就,同时在内部法律趋于一致方面也作出了富有成效的探索.欧洲共同体通过提出解决法律冲突的原则,确立特殊司法程序,制定对各成员具有拘束力的规则等方式,使成员之间、成员与共同体之间不同的法律制度趋于一致,有效地保障了经济一体化的进程.欧洲经济一体化过程中积累的经验,不仅对传统的立法、司法制度产生了重大的冲击和影响,对于正在实施中的中国内地、香港、澳门的更紧密经贸关系也具有借鉴意义.     

The economics of enlarging the European Union: Policy reform versus transfers

While the European Union will hardly be in a position to receive new members without extensive policy and financial reform, the discussion so far has exaggerated the link between reform and enlargement. It has also tended to neglect the economic benefits to be expected from integrating the CEECs into the EU and has been dominated by concerns about intra-EU transfers. In an attempt to placate those member states which have complained that they pay too much, recent proposals could give rise to more inefficiencies and disparities within the Union. The author is grateful to Beuter, Frank Bollen, Veerle Deekmyn and Les Metealfe for their comments on a previous draft. The author alone is responsible for the views expressed in this paper.     

Capital Cities in the New EU States—Economic Status Quo and Current Trends

In the course of the economic catching-up process of the new EU states, the capital cities of the countries in central and eastern Europe were the economically most successful regions in their countries. How distinct are economic disparities between the capitals and the rest of the countries today? What were the determinants of the related economic developments? And do current economic trends support the leading position of the capital cities in the new member states?