关于改进国库经收处非现场监管的思考

国库经收工作质量的高低直接关系到各级政府预算收入能否及时顺利入库。当前,人民银行在国库经收业务的非现场监管方面虽然做了大量工作,但在非现场监管体系完善、数据采集方式、系统建设和处理手段上还需进一步完善。为此,本文就人民银行如何加强对商业银行国库经收业务非现场监管方面存在的问题进行了思考和分析,并提出政策建议和改进措施。     

构建国库监管软约束机制

"依法履行国库监管职责,不断提高商业银行代理国库业务水平"是"十二五"时期国库业务发展规划中确定的主要目标之一。为保障这一目标的实现,结合目前各级国库对商业银行代理国库相关业务的监管现状,笔者认为有必要构建国库监管软约束机制,从而更为有效地保障国库资金在整个国库服务体系内的安全运转。商业银行代理国库相关业务的监管现状目前,各地国库在开展对商业银行代理国库相关业务的监管工作中主要采取现场检查和行政处罚为主的方式。这一     

商业银行代理国库业务监督管理问题研究

近年来,我国经济快速发展,传统的金融体制与财税体制已不适合当前商业银行代理国库业务的需要,对其全面深化改革刻不容缓,另外通过改革来调动商业银行代理国库业务的积极性,可促使商业银行代理国库业务中监管、防范资金风险的能力得到增强,还要不断优化国库监管方式,加强商业银行代理国库业务制度建设,在此基础上对商业银行代理国库业务进行专业指导与人员培训,努力打造一支高素质、高效率的专业国库业务监管队伍。与此同时还要重视国库业务监管队伍建设,从而提高工作人员从业水平。     

商业银行会计科目设置和中央银行非现场监管的矛盾分析

随着金融体制改革的深入,商业银行业务和中央银行监管业务正逐步向国际通行做法和国际惯例靠拢。作为现代商业银行业务反映的会计科目和中央银行非现场监管要求的不相适应性正逐步显现。现代商业银行如何设置会计科目才能真正反映会计核算业务全过程的真实内容？中央银行?..     

加强商业银行代理国库相关业务的监管

随着财政国库管理制度改革的不断深化,商业银行代理国库业务也不断向纵深发展,成为人民银行经理国库业务的重要和有益补充。如何在新形势下有效监管商业银行代理国库业务,防范和化解国库资金风险,是国库监管的重要内容。一、商业银行代理国库业务监督管理中存在的问题(一)监管法规粗放滞后,不能对商业银行代理国库相关业务进行有效监管     

对强化基层国库非现场监管的思考

国库监管主要包括国库现场检查和非现场监管理两大部分.国库非现场监管能够有效地弥补国库现场检查的滞后性缺陷,覆盖国库业务快速发展过程中出现的监管盲区,并且能够适应国库资金风险防线前移的需要.但是根据目前国库监管工作的实际开展情况,非现场监管的功能并未得到有效发挥.本文就加强基层人民银行非现场监管工作的问题提出相关建议.     

对商业银行代理国库业务监管问题研究

对商业银行代理国库业务实施监管是人民银行履行经理国库职责的一项重要内容。当前人民银行对商业银行代理国库业务的监管不断加强,但仍然存在一些问题,需要通过完善法规体系、加强信息化建设、形成监管合力等措施进一步强化对代理国库业务的监管。     

金融监管中的微机应用

我国中央银行的金融监管模式正变为以非现场监管为主要形式。要健全中央银行微机网络，强化超前监管意识，统一完善金融机构业务核算系统，加强内控制度建设，建立信息安全体系。     

代理国库业务非现场监督管理模式探索

代理国库业务非现场监督管理是指中国人民银行从控制风险目的出发,全面、持续地收集、监测和分析代理国库业务的金融机构（以下简称代理行）业务风险信息,针对代理行在代理国库业务中存在的风险隐患制定监管计划,合理配置监管资源,实施一系列分类监管措施的过程。代理国库业务非现场监督管理主要是对国库经收业务、代理支库或乡镇国库业务、国库集中收付业务及国债承销业务的监督管理。     

安全保障尤需从基层薄弱点做起

金融是现代经济的核心，金融信息化是中国国民经济信息化的重要组成部分。中国人银行紧紧围绕中央银行职能，加快信息系统建设，在统一规划、统一开发、统一推广应用的原则指导下，先后开发推广了金融统计信息监测系统、银行登记信贷查询系统、中国外汇交易系统、农村非现场监管系统、货币发行系统、国库综合业务系统、会计集中核算系统、大额支付系统等系统，提高了办公效率和管理水平。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

Short-sale refinancing and price adjustment speed to bad news: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Short selling may accelerate stock price adjustment to negative news. However, the literature provides mixed evidence for this prediction. Using short-sale refinancing and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model, this paper explores the effect of short selling on stock price adjustment. Our results show that (1) short-sale refinancing improves the speed of stock price adjustment to negative news. This result holds after we control for endogeneity. (2) The positive relationship between short-sale refinancing and stock price adjustment speed is significant in subsamples of stocks with higher earnings management or lower accuracy of analyst forecasts, indicating that firms with more opaque information are more likely to be targeted by short sellers. In subsamples of stocks with a higher ownership concentration or lower ownership by institutional investors, short selling is more likely to increase the speed of stock price adjustment, indicating that ownership structure may influence negative news mining. (3) As short-sale refinancing exacerbates the absorption of bad news by stock prices, it increases crash risk. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of short selling and provides empirical evidence supporting regulations on short selling in China.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:     

The China puzzle: Opportunities for accounting research

How can China achieve phenomenal economic growth despite what is considered as 'weak' institutions in market-based economies? Xu(2011) provides a framework to u...     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original