试论教育经济学研究方法的多样化——基于教育经济学学科性质的分析视角

教育经济学是建立在教育学与经济学学术借鉴基础之上的一门交叉学科,它揭示了教育与经济发展之间的密切关系.对于教育经济学学科性质认识的不同,反映出人们对其研究对象存在认识上的差异,而对研究对象的不同认识必然会影响研究方法的选择.教育经济学作为一门新兴的边缘学科,具有多学科交叉的属性,这一属性决定了其研究方法的多样性.教育经济学研究不能局限于实证研究和数学、统计等方法,而应倡导研究方法的多元化.     

如何学习经济学？

我正在访问厦门大学的王亚南经济研究院。该院请我讲讲“攻读经济学须知”，我准备的演讲内容如下。中国对经济学的教育一向不如对理工科的看重，因为大家认为国家的现代化需要理工科学多于社会科学。“科教兴国”的口号是指（自然）科学与工程的教育，或说推广（自然）科学与工程的教育。到了改革开放和实行市场经济以后才发现经济学的重要。     

机制设计与发展创新——破解中国农业保险困局

《机制设计与发展创新——破解中国农业保险困局》以风险和保险理论、经济机制设计理论和新制度经济学等为理论基石，综合运用保险经济学、经济机制设计理论、福利经济学、信息经济学和博弈论、新制度经济学、发展经济学和经济法学等相关理论，从对农业风险的特点及其可保性分析开始，归纳农业保险机制设计及其运行机理等关键问题，以我国农业保险...     

经济学教育改革：国际国内背景与改革路径

经济学作为一级学科,在社会科学体系中居于基础性地位并发挥着辐射带动作用。经济学专业教育模式与水平直接影响着树状层级中的二级学科、三级学科乃至更多层级的学科发展,也关系着毕业生的行为模式和政策取向,而这恰恰是最深远的社会经济影响。但这种影响并未得到应有重视,综观国内国际经济学教育,不仅出现了趋同化,而且危机涌现。经济学教育改革迫在眉睫,包容、兼容的经济学体系与培养计划的构建成为改革的方向,而应用流程化设计思想和波特五力竞争模型理念,对经济学专业教育进行全面诊断与优化重组,创新人才培养模式则是可行路径。     

基于网络环境下经济学教学模式改革探讨

现代社会是一个网络时代,网络环境下的多媒体教学模式以其先进的技术极大的拓展了教育的时空界限,成为切实改进经济学教学模式的良好契机。首先介绍了研究的目的及意义,并阐述了经济学网络教学模式的涵义和主要优势,并提出了,在网络环境下,改革与创新经济学教学模式的具体途径,如何利用网络资源,对经济学的教学内容体系、教学手段以及学习成绩评价体系等方面进行全面创新,提高教学质量,形成特有的经济学教学模式。     

高校宏观经济学教学方法探讨

经济学是现代大学教育中一门重要的基础课程，宏观经济学由于其理论具有抽象性和不成熟性、发展变化快等特点，导致许多学生在学习过程中遇到一些难以解决的困难。教师应通过帮助学生建立理论联系实际的思考模式和抽象思维框架，选择合适的教材和阅读材料，制定操作性强的实践环节指导方案等措施来达到提高宏观经济学授课效果的目的。     

浅谈教育经济学研究的发展现状与有效策略

教育经济学的发展现状是:西方国家以人力资本理论为基础,更侧重于教育的长远发展和教育对经济的具体意义;我国则是强调国家领导对教育的权威作用以及教育和经济的具体关系。总体而言,教育经济学现阶段需要采取的发展策略是:明确逻辑起点、夯实理论基础、拓宽研究领域和完善概念体系。     

高校教育成本核算的探讨

教育成本是教育经济学中的重要内容,也是政府、学校和家长都十分关注的现实问题,因此进行教育成本核算具有重要的意义。本文通过分析高校未进行成本核算的原因,来探讨高校教育成本核算的方法和程序等操作方面的问题。     

论投资者教育的一个误区

从新制度经济学的角度和中国股市投资者结构看，目前投资者教育的内容和程度把握尺度有待矫正。特别是带有政府色彩的投资者教育如果处理不当，容易将政府拉入股民投资的泥潭。……     

我国教育支出的分析研究

在市场经济条件下，在公开财政框架下，教育支出为什么是财政支出的重要内容?如果教育支出是财政支出的重要内容，它应该以何种方式提供?这些问题是教育支出领域的重大问题，需要从经济学的角度给予理论的回答。用这些理论去分析、对照我国财政目前的教育支出，有助于我们发现并解决其存在的问题。     

EDUCATION VOUCHERS IN PRINCIPLE AND PRACTICE: A SURVEY

An education voucher system exists when governments make paymentsto families that enable their children to enter public or privateschools of their choice. The tax-funded payments can be madedirectly to parents or indirectly to the selected schools; theirpurpose is to increase parental choice, to promote school competition,and to allow low-income families access to private schools.Some opponents predict that vouchers will destroy the publicsystem, aggravate poverty, and foster segregation. Others fearthat voucher-receiving independent schools will be regulatedout of recognition. The main purpose of this article is to examine the recent emergenceof voucher systems as an interesting phenomenon in its own right.The evidence summarized relates to voucher systems operatingin twenty countries, provinces, and states. The typical "funds-follow-the-child"voucher system, in which governments subsidize "schools of choice"in strict proportion to enrollment, appears to be the favoriteform. This type of voucher has been adopted by developing countries—notablyBangladesh, Belize, Chile, Colombia, Guatemala, and Lesotho—aswell as by industrial countries such as Poland, Sweden, theUnited Kingdom, and the United States. Much of the recordedexperience with such programs is pertinent to the longstandingtheoretical debates on the desirability of voucher systems.      

Vouchers for Basic Education in Developing Economies: An Accountability Perspective

Advocates argue that voucher programs can correct the incentiveproblems of education systems in developing economies. An accountabilityperspective, based on a principal-agent framework, was developedto clarify the arguments for and against education vouchers.An assessment of findings on voucher programs in industrialcountries and a review of voucher or quasi-voucher experiencesin Bangladesh, Chile, Colombia, Côte d'Ivoire, and theCzech Republic support the usefulness of the analytic framework.The assessment concludes that the policy relevance of voucherprograms for developing economies remains uncertain. Major voucherinitiatives have been attempted only in countries with a well-developedinstitutional infrastructure. Some studies find favorable benefitsfor at least some population groups, but others find limitedeffects and evidence of increasing social stratification inschools. Whether vouchers lead to better outcomes or greaterstratification appears related to specific contexts, institutionalvariables, and program designs.      

我国人才市场对财经类人才需求状况的调查分析

本文从财经类人才市场需求的角度出发,试图通过对财经类人才市场需求各项因素以及人才社会评价等方面的深入调查与分析,得到一些在新形势下关于高等财经类人才培养的有益启示,并进而为我国高等财经教育及人才培养提出一些政策建议。     

REGULATION, RENT SEEKING AND REFORM IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Two relevant branches of economic analysis—the economics of regulation and the economics of rent seeking — are reviewed in order to assess the extent to which the basic structure of the recent reforms in UK higher education can be grounded in economic logic. Attention is paid to the essential nature of the higher education sector as a producer of both teaching and research, and the importance of considerations of quality. It is argued that the reforms may pay too little attention to some of these issues.     

Central Mandates and Local Incentives: The Colombia Education Voucher Program

In decentralized education systems programs that promote centralmandates may have to be devolved to local governments, communities,and providers. When participation by local governments and providersis voluntary rather than compulsory, the determinants of programplacement are important in predicting potential benefits toindividuals. This article analyzes incentives for municipalitiesand private schools to participate in Colombia's voucher program.It finds that the demand for secondary education relative tothe capacity of public schools and the availability of spacesin private schools in the municipality were key predictors ofmunicipal participation, whereas the number of underserved studentshad a nonlinear effect on participation. Schools whose educationalquality was moderate and charged moderate tuition fees werethe most likely to participate; the program was less attractiveto schools whose quality and fees were high and to schools whosequality and fees were low.     

西部地区财经院校发展战略定位分析

在市场经济条件下,高校传统观念上的“教书育人”的概念逐渐转变,而经济实体的属性日渐突出.高校的发展定位成为大学进行战略管理的必要举措,是高校办学特色形成的前提和基础.本文在回顾国内外关于高校发展定位的研究的基础上,从定位维度的角度,对高校发展战略定位维度进行重构;并结合西部地区财经院校发展的实际情况和特点,分析在重构维度下,西部地区财经类院校发展战略定位中存在的问题.     

Encountering economics and accounting: some skirmishes and engagements

How have we come to know the economy and the firm? This is the question confronted in this article. The argument is that it is through forms of visualisation (tables, charts, figures, diagrams, pictures and so on) that our knowledge and sense about the firm and the economy are constructed. Accounting and economics texts abound with these visual techniques, which gives them a certain affinity. Common techniques of visualization shared by both accounting and economics are used as a basis for a reflection on the theoretical and practical nature of the “encounter” between these two intellectual domains. The term “encounter” is used instead of the more obvious term “relationship” to indicate the contingent and problematic character of the common use of visual techniques. These encounters are situated within a framework that stresses the epistemic diversity of the forms of visualisation and their meaning. 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved     

《农业经济学》在财经类院校素质教育中的地位与作用

本文从素质教育的角度出发,分析了《农业经济学》在财经类院校素质教育中的地位与作用.通过新形势下对经济管理人才的素质要求以及《农业经济学》在经济管理人才培养中的作用,结合自身的教学实际,根据农业和农村发展的新要求,改进《农业经济学》的教学内容与方法,提高财经类院校学生的综合素质.     

基于不确定性的公允价值计量与披露问题研究

本文首先探讨了公允价值会计产生的背景是经济环境的不确定性和经济的虚拟化所带来的不确定性;然后从经济学的角度解释了公允价值的“估计”性质,认为公允价值实际上不是“价值”,而是价格,是对价值的点估计;在此基础上进一步分析了公允价值的统计学特征,认为公允价值计量反映的是价格变动的集中趋势,所提供的信息是不完整的,因此,在财务报告中还必须披露价格变动离中趋势的信息,如价格变量的概率分布或概率密度。