外商直接投资对浙江省就业效应的影响分析

就业一直是浙江省面临的一个严峻的问题,外商直接投资的引进对带动本国或本地区就业增长具有一定的积极作用。从外商直接投资对浙江就业总量和就业质量两个方面的作用进行相应的分析。     

外商直接投资、技术转移与经济发展

作为世界上吸引外商直接投资最多的发展中国家,中国引进外商直接投资的主要目的已经从资金补充为主导过渡为技术转移为主导.外商直接投资及其技术转移效应的实现为东道国带来的好处主要体现在其促进经济发展方面,通过对在华外商直接投资及其技术转移效应对中国经济增长和对外贸易两个领域贡献的分析,可以就这一问题得出相关结论:在中国的外商直接投资具有越来越明显的技术转移的特征,作为考察对象的外商直接投资及其技术转移效应的实现对中国的经济发展已经起到了非常重要的作用.     

利用外商直接投资促进湖南就业的效应与对策分析

利用外商直接投资的一个重要目的便是促进就业。近年来湖南利用外商投资取得明显成效。利用外商直接投资促进就业的效应怎样以及应该采取怎样的政策建议来增强这一效应是我们应该关注的问题。本文拟对上述问题进行分析。     

外商直接投资对我国就业数量影响的实证分析

改革开放以来,利用外商直接投资时我国对外开放的重要内容,我国已成为吸收外资最多的国家.就业问题是我国长期需要解决的问题,外资的引进对我国就业数量产生了重要影响.本文从我国引进外资现状出发,分析了外商直接投资就业效应的三大传导机制:国内投资、技术转移和国际贸易,进而进行实证分析,得出外商直接投资对我国就业的效应是积极的结论.     

外商直接投资影响城乡收入差距的路径分析——来源于嘉兴市的数据检验

近年来,面对宏观环境复杂多变,国内外市场竞争加剧,外商投资嘉兴份额逐步提高,嘉兴城乡居民收入也实现稳步提高。鉴于此,本文采用计量经济学研究方法,构建半对数时间序列模型,实证结果表明无论是长期协整方程还是短期误差修正均衡模型,外商直接投资都会缩小嘉兴城乡收入差距。     

外商直接投资与就业——一个人力资本分析框架

虽然FDI就业份额仍然较小，但由于其增长速度非常快，使得该领域就业对中国总体就业增长的贡献率很高。由于中国劳动力丰富的国情，经济增长的一个重要意义就是最大化吸纳就业，因此，引进FDI的就业效应也值得高度重视。本文总结了FDI对中国就业的贡献，展望了其进一步吸纳就业的潜力，并从劳动力市场发育水平的角度。回答为什么FDI集中在东部地区。     

出口、外商直接投资在中国的就业效应分析

改革开放和经济全球化不断深入,面对严峻的就业形势及中国对外贸易、利用外资的国情,研究出口和FDI对就业的联动效应显得意义重大。为此,本文从我国的出口状况及FDI发展情况入手,利用我国29个省市自治区的相关统计数据,运用面板数据的分析方法,分析出口和FDI对就业总量的影响。分析发现出口对就业有显著的正效应,FDI对我国就业的拉动作用较小,就业增长主要靠国内投资推动。     

出口、外商直接投资在中国的就业效应分析

改革开放和经济全球化不断深入,面对严峻的就业形势及中国对外贸易、利用外资的国情,研究出口和FDI对就业的联动效应显得意义重大。为此,本文从我国的出口状况及FDI发展情况入手,利用我国29个省市自治区的相关统计数据,运用面板数据的分析方法,分析出口和FDI对就业总量的影响。分析发现出口对就业有显著的正效应,FDI对我国就业的拉动作用较小,就业增长主要靠国内投资推动。     

转型期中国就业发展的理论与实证研究——基于外商直接投资视角

改革开放以来，我国吸引的外商直接投资迅速增加，外商直接投资在我国经济中发挥着越来越重要的作用。外商直接投资对我国就业的影响是一个关注的热点，各级政府都把外商直接投资视为解决我国就业问题的一条重要出路。鉴于此，作者选取外商直接投资的就业效应作为本文的研究对象。外商直接投资对于我国就业有显著的直接创造效应，也产生了就业挤出效应，但这种挤出效应并不显著，而其总就业效应是显著为正的，同时文章根据此结论提出了相应的政策建议。     

外商直接投资对我国就业的影响

外商直接投资对东道国的影响是多方面多层次的。本文主要关注外商直接投资对就业数量的影响。目前许多研究只关注了外商直接投资对就业的积极效应,而忽视了负面效应,因此也就过分夸大了外商直接投资对就业的贡献。本文从外商直接投资的正效应以及负效应方面进行研究,进而阐述了必须正确看待外商直接投资的就业效应,并在最后提出了关于外商直接投资的政策建议。     

Empirical asymmetries in foreign direct investment and taxation

This paper assesses the sensitivity of the operations of multinational corporations (MNCs) to host country taxation. The empirical analysis is based on two different measures of MNC activity by U.S. majority-owned foreign affiliates: panel data for aggregate real gross product in manufacturing that originates in a given host country and micro data for a single year regarding the likelihood of a firm locating in a given host country. The empirical estimates indicate that investment geared toward export markets, rather than the domestic market, is particularly sensitive to host country taxation, that this sensitivity appears to be greater in developing countries than developed countries, and that it is becoming greater over time.     

The determinants of China's outward foreign direct investment

Globalisation has led to a rapid increase in the growth of foreign direct investment (FDI) globally. Over the last decade China has become the largest recipient of FDI whilst simultaneously increasing its outward FDI dramatically. The growth in China's outward FDI has attracted little attention from scholars in mainstream research publications. The motivation behind this paper is to investigate the factors driving this growth from both economic and strategic backgrounds. The paper employs panel data analysis covering the period 2003–2009 where we quantify the main drivers of China's outward FDI across a range of variables including bi lateral and multi lateral trade, market size, GDP growth, openness and resource endowment.     

North‐South foreign direct investment and bilateral investment treaties

Bilateral investment treaties (BIT s) have become increasingly popular as a means of encouraging foreign direct investment (FDI ) from developed to developing countries. We adopt a difference‐in‐difference analysis to deal with the problem of self‐selection when estimating the effects of BIT s on FDI flows from a sample of OECD countries to a broader sample of lesser developed countries. Our results indicate that forming a BIT with a developed country significantly increases FDI inflows to developing countries. We further find that the development of new FDI flows and the reinvigoration of deteriorating FDI relationships accounts for the majority of the increase in FDI flows due to BIT formation.     

Pitfalls in the use of foreign direct investment statistics

Foreign direct investment (FDI) statistics are widely used to study the impact of international capital movements and multinational enterprise (MNE) activities. FDI intensity is also an important indicator of globalisation and economic integration. Datasets spanning long time periods and with broad country coverage have been employed in numerous studies to analyse various aspects of the determinants and consequences of FDI. Focusing on a relatively homogeneous group of six Western European EU countries, the present study finds major inconsistencies in the construction and coverage of these data both through time and across countries, leading to large discrepancies. Asymmetries will be far greater for broader groups of more economically and institutionally diverse countries. This study recommends extreme caution in drawing conclusions based on FDI data.     

外商直接投资流动对我国就业结构的动态效应——基于VAR模型和脉冲响应的实证检验

基于VAR模型的理论基础,本文运用协整分析和误差修正(VEC)模型,通过脉冲响应分析方法,实证研究FDI流动对我国区域就业的不均衡影响,旨在揭示FDI对区域就业动态作用的路径变化。结果表明:FDI与三大区域就业人数之间存在长期协整关系。FDI流入对东部地区的就业效应为负,对中西部地区的就业效应为正;FDI流出对中部的就业效应为正,对东西部的就业效应为负;总体上,FDI流动的就业负效应明显;FDI的区域就业效应具有滞后性,且长期吸纳效应和短期挤出效应并存,对东部地区和中部地区的动态冲击效应显著。     

China's outward foreign direct investment

China's outward foreign direct investment (FDI) is steadily increasing. The United States is now a key target for China's outward FDI, and the response by the American public tends to fall at opposite ends of the spectrum: fever or fear. Chinese FDI in the United States faces challenges posed by its liability of foreignness in political, cultural, marketing, and technological aspects. Utilizing mini case studies, we herein examine the polarized responses to Chinese outward direct investment, its history, and the challenges faced by Chinese multinational corporations operating in or attempting to enter the U.S. market. Finally, strategy suggestions are proposed.     

The indirect effects of foreign direct investment on trade: A network perspective

The relationship between international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the main features of globalisation. In this paper, we investigate the effects of FDI on trade from a network perspective, since FDI takes not only direct but also indirect channels from origin to destination countries because of firms’ incentive to reduce tax burden, to minimise coordination costs and to break barriers to market entry. We use a unique data set of international corporate control as a measure of stock FDI to construct a corporate control network (CCN), where the nodes are the countries and the edges are the corporate control relationships. Network measures, as the shortest path length and the communicability, are then computed on the CCN to capture the indirect channel of FDI. Empirically, we find that corporate control has a positive effect on trade both directly and indirectly. The result is robust with different specifications and estimation strategies. Hence, our paper provides strong empirical evidence of the indirect effects of FDI on trade. Moreover, we identify a number of interplaying factors such as regional trade agreements and the region of Asia. We also find that the indirect effects are more pronounced for the manufacturing sector than for primary sectors such as oil extraction and agriculture.     

东北地区FDI就业效应实证分析

研究东北老工业基地的就业基本情况,从理论上分析FDI对于就业所带来的影响,得出建立模型求出外资对于就业发展的弹性,可利用拓宽外资渠道,调整外资策略,多种外资形式等扩大农业利用外资。     

Asymmetric effects of cultural institutes on trade and foreign direct investment

The purpose of a cultural institute is to improve international relations with other countries by promoting language familiarity and cultural awareness. In addition, cultural institutes can provide additional business opportunities that lead to positive economic side effects such as increases in trade and foreign direct investment (FDI). In this study, gravity models were used to analyse the data for the Goethe Institut (Germany), the Cervantes Institute (Spain) and the Confucius Institute (China) to identify any stylised international patterns of the documented economic effects. The study finds significant positive effects on bilateral trade and FDI outflows for all three programmes, along with two important (i) the effects are stronger for non‐advanced economies and (ii) the effects are substantially larger on FDI than on trade. These results suggest that cultural institutes can be an effective policy tool in promoting FDI outflows, with the strongest effect realised when a home country locates its cultural institutes in host countries with developing economies. Importantly, results also suggest that the Chinese government's approach to extend its soft power through rapid expansion of Confucius Institutes worldwide has not been as successful as the efforts by the German Goethe Institut in increasing trade and FDI.     

The impact of foreign direct investment on host country exports: A meta-analysis

In this paper, we present a synthesis of the literature examining the impact of foreign direct investment on host country exports. We reviewed and summarised 37 theoretical papers, 27 micro-level empirical studies and analysed 627 specifications from 117 macro-level empirical studies. In exploring the reasons behind the variations of the reported effects in the empirical literature, we applied meta-regression methodology. Our results indicate that the existing empirical literature generally reports a positive impact of foreign direct investment on exports, especially in developing countries. The reported effects are sensitive to research design, model specification and the context of the research. No publication bias was detected in the sampled studies. Based on our results, we provide some avenues and guidelines for future research on this topic. Our results could also have some important implications for policymakers.