甘肃省农户资金借贷实证分析CSSCISSCI

通过对甘肃省405户农户资金借贷行为的问卷调查,发现农户借贷需求满足程度不足,农村信用社贷款额度小,期限短,信用约束强,不支持农户生活性借贷需求;民间借贷多局限于亲朋、邻里之间,借贷资金规模不大,缺乏信用形式,管理很不规范。文章针对甘肃省农户资金借贷存在的约束因素,提出了相应的政策建议。     

河南省农户资金借贷现状实证分析——基于河南省704户农户的问卷调查

通过对河南省704户农户资金借贷行为的问卷调查,发现2011年度农户的小额贷款和农业生产项目贷款所占比重过低,大额度贷款占到很高比重。正规金融机构的非农生产项目和生活性项目比重过大,贷款期限较短,贷款的利率地区差异大,农业银行的借贷覆盖面窄。民间借贷在河南省并不活跃,且信用形式很不规范,缺乏组织化形式,民间私人借贷严重偏离了生活性支出项目。并继而对产生农户借贷问题的供给方面进行了原因分析,认识到农村民间金融与正规金融机构在支农服务上存在越位和缺位现象;现有的农户信贷产品不能够很好地适应农户的融资需要;过高的农户信贷成本不利于农村金融机构的可持续发展。针对其提出政策建议包括拓展资金来源渠道,提升农户资金供给水平;科学设计农户融资产品,满足农户融资需求;优化配置农户借贷资金投向,有效控制贷款风险。     

山东省农户融资行为的实证分析

近年来,随着农业经济的发展和农村产业结构的调整,农户资金需求总量逐步扩大,需求范围进一步拓宽。但是,由于当前农村金融市场的缺陷,农户合理的信贷需求并没有得到充分满足,农户贷款难问题依然突出,已经严重制约了农民增收、农村经济社会的发展以及小康社会的全面实现。本文以山东省为例,对农户融入资金的来源结构、融资的信用形式、偿还本息的情况以及信贷资金的使用结构等进行了调查分析,在此基础上,有针对性地提出了进一步深化农村金融体制改革,提高农户从正规金融渠道融资的可获得性,完善财政补贴和风险补偿机制,建立农业贷款担保体系以及引导民间借贷农户健康发展等建设性意见。     

新疆样本县（市）农户借贷行为调查分析

本文通过对新疆玛纳斯县、呼图壁县、吉木萨尔县、吐鲁番市、托克逊县农村信用社和农户的实地调查,对农户的借贷需求行为进行了分析,得出了农户借贷行为的特征。本文认为农户的经济行为特征和资金需求特征对其金融需求具有十分重要的影响。     

中国农户经营风险与借贷选择的关系研究——基于陕西的案例

本文建立风险平衡模型,以陕西农户为例,研究农户经营风险与农户借贷选择间的关系。GLM模型回归结果显示,农户普遍使用非正规借贷方式获取资金;农户生产风险与农户使用借款之间存在显著的负相关关系;农户承担风险的态度和风险厌恶倾向以及家庭收益对农户借贷选择的影响不显著。     

农户借贷需求差异及影响因素分析——基于不同体制视角及新疆农户和兵团农户(职工)的调查

以210份实际调研问卷为基础,对比分析新疆地方和兵团农户(职工)借贷需求差异,并运用Probit模型,对两种不同体制下农户借贷需求的影响因素进行实证分析。结论为:兵地农户(职工)在借贷规模、贷款可得性与满足感、民间借贷目的与活跃性、民间借贷规模等方面存在差异;影响地方农户借贷需求的因素有:是否了解信贷政策、总人口数、在校学生数、家庭总收入、农业收入占比、家庭周围是否有正规金融网点、距金融网点距离、到达金融网点的时间、信用社是否对您家信用评级并授信;影响兵团职工借贷需求的因素是:男性人口数、累计外出务工人数、近三年是否得到过贷款。据此文章认为应增强地方金融机构服务的主动性,加大兵团地区金融知识宣传力度。     

农户借贷行为调查研究

农户虽然是我国经济组织体系中最小的经济单位，但它却是农村资金的主要供给者、农村金融基本的服务对象。所以，研究农户的借贷行为特征及其影响因素不仅能推动农村金融机构改革的深化，而且能为政府制订相关的农业信贷政策提供参考。文章以黑龙江省巴彦县兴隆镇112户农户为样本，对其借贷行为进行了调研，并从正规金融、民间借贷供给和农户自身需求三方面分析了影响农户借贷行为的制约因素，提出相应的建议，从而促进当地农村经济的持续、快速发展。     

农村友情借贷的供给约束与金融支持研究

本文对友情借贷发展的特点进行了总结概括,并从关系网络、自身经济状况、数量规模约束和稳定性等方面分析了友情借贷供给的制约因素。在此基础上,探讨了对友情借贷隐性征信及信用保障的借鉴。最后,就新型金融机构对农户的金融支持方面提出了探索农村土地承包经营权和宅基地使用权抵押贷款、养老保险证质押贷款、农户特殊消费贷款、完善抵押担保的替代技术等创新业务。     

长期借贷机制下的农户信用机制探析

建设社会主义新农村是我国现代化进程中的重大历史任务。金融资金在新农村建设中发挥着极其重要的作用。如何解决农户贷款的抵押担保问题,本文基于农户民间借贷的信用机制,从理性人的假设,运用博弈论的知识,得出长期借贷关系有助于农户信用机制的形成,并对提出了农户信用机制发挥作用的条件。     

私人借贷治理机制研究

私人借贷是古老而普遍的信用形式,主要包括互助性质的非商业性借贷、基于货币的商业性信用、基于土地的商业性信用安排、基于商品的商业性信用安排等四种形式。对其性质的界定强调三个方面：一是放款人的资金来源主要为自有资金,此特征与金融中介相区别;二是（商业性私人借贷关系中）放款人的收益主要来源利息,此特征与贷款经纪人相区别,后者的收益来源于媒介交易的手续费;三是借贷关系一般涉及借贷双方,此特征为第一个特征的衍生。     

信贷约束下的农村金融与农村收入分配关系研究

文章建立了一个简单的两期生命周期模型来考察在信贷约束下农村金融与农村收入分配不平等的作用机制。模型结论表明,在存在农村信贷约束的情况下,农村金融的发展能否起到缩小农村居民贫富差距的作用,主要取决于农业投资回报率、农村金融贷款利率和农户进入农村金融市场的成本对比：在其他条件不变的情况下,受农村金融支持的农业投资回报率越高,农村金融贷款利率越低,农户进入农村金融市场的成本越低,则农村金融的发展越有利于缩小农村居民的贫富差距。     

Rural Development Finance in Vietnam: A Microeconometric Analysis of Household Surveys

This study examines (a) the rural household participation in the Vietnamese rural credit market, (b) the behavior of a formal lender in response to the credit needs of households, and (c) the impact of credit. The rural credit market in Vietnam is quite segmented. The formal sector specializes in lending for production purposes whereas the informal sector's lending is quite diverse. We show that rural households are rational in deciding which sources to ask for a particular kind of loan. Reputation, the dependency ratio of households, and the amount of credit applied for by the household are identified as the determinants of credit rationing by the bank. Credit is shown to have a significant impact on household production.     

The link between credit markets and self-employment choice among households in rural China

Our paper examines how credit markets operate through wealth to influence households’ entrepreneurial choices. Our results show that policy-led bank branch withdrawal in rural China has a significant negative impact on credit availability to rural households, though unexpectedly the effect is felt more strongly in informal than formal credit markets. Furthermore, we observe that self-employment is impeded by reductions in wealth associated with credit contraction. Policies which provide more and better formal financial services to rural households are predicted to increase the flow of credit, through both formal and informal channels, thereby supporting accumulation, diversification, and economic growth.     

信用工程对新疆农户小额信贷信用风险的影响

本文基于对新疆玛纳斯县、吐鲁番市、托克逊县农村信用社和农村农户的实地调查,研究了农户小额信贷信用风险控制问题。指出影响农户小额信贷信用风险的最关键因素就是在农村初步构建起制度信任安排约束的信用工程。信用工程为农户构建了信用资本,通过信用社贷款投放规模增加、利率降低、贷款易得性的改善极大地促进了农户福利的增加。     

农户小额信贷信用风险控制研究——基于新疆玛纳斯县、吐鲁番市、托克逊县的农户调查

本文基于对新疆玛纳斯县、吐鲁番市、托克逊县农村农户的实地调查,从社会学制度变迁角度,运用博弈分析的方法,研究了农户小额信贷信用风险控制问题。指出影响农户小额信贷信用风险的三个关键因素:1.在农村初步构建起制度信任安排约束的信用工程。2.农村信用社对信贷员激励相容的内控机制设计。3.小额信贷额度控制和联保贷款风险控制技术。     

农户声誉对农村借贷市场中逆向选择的约束研究

农户的声誉是信用社借贷决策中主要的考量因素之一.声誉能够反映农户能力与品格的综合信息,那些能力较强、品格好的农户才会有较高的声誉水平.文章利用信号传递博弈模型,阐明在农户与信用社的非对称信息借贷博弈中,农户声誉如何成为信用社识别可信赖的贷款农户的有效信号,从而克服农村借贷中的逆向选择问题.     

MICROFINANCE PENETRATION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON CREDIT CHOICE IN INDONESIA: EVIDENCE FROM A HOUSEHOLD PANEL SURVEY

This paper studies empirical determinants of how heterogeneous households are matched to different types of loan products in a credit market in Indonesia. A unique situation arose when a microfinance institution launched operations in our survey area during the survey period, and we utilized its market entry for conducting mixed logit analysis of households’ credit choices. Time-varying choice sets help us identify parameters regarding preferences for various credit attributes. Our results show that the new availability of small-scale loans without collateral requirement greatly increases households’ probability of obtaining credit overall. Households in self-employed business prefer formal credit as a stable financing source but are impeded in receiving it when they locate in a rural area, probably because of large transaction costs. The poorest households, however, might not be able to exploit new credit opportunities as much as richer households, even if the scale of credit is very small.     

Formal and informal rural credit in the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam: Interaction and accessibility

This paper examines the factors influencing rural households’ access to credit in the Vietnamese market. Analysis confirms an interaction effect between informal and formal credit sectors in which informal credit positively influences accessibility to microcredit programs. Ignoring this interaction effect may lead to microcredit providers making loan decisions that are less than optimal. In the formal credit sector, the lowest income group faces more credit rationing than other groups, despite the fact that microcredit programs are designed to target households at the bottom of the income pyramid. Results demonstrate that land holding status, informal interest, and informal loan duration are important factors influencing access to informal credit. Factors influencing microcredit accessibility include local government employee status, credit group membership, a “poor” certificate, educational attainment, working skills and village road access. To reduce reliance on informal credit and improve microcredit accessibility, rural households should actively participate in a microcredit group.     

农村信用社对农村城镇化的金融支持分析

在农村城镇化建设中离不开金融支持。农村信用社地位特殊,分析探究农村信用社对农村城镇化的金融支持是十分必要的。根据分析需要,采用向量自回归(VAR)模型和向量误差修正(VEC)模型,通过Johansen协整检验、Granger因果检验,揭示了农村城镇化水平、农村信用社金融支持、农村信用社发展水平之间的相互关系与作用。基于实证分析的结果得出了相关结论,并提出了针对性建议。