非金融企业影子银行化影响了经营绩效吗?

以2003—2018年中国A股非金融上市公司为研究样本,通过建立面板数据模型来实证分析非金融企业从事影子银行业务对该企业经营绩效的影响.研究发现:影子银行化行为会抑制企业主营业务的发展,会降低该企业的主营业务利润,这种抑制效应会因产权属性、融资约束的不同而不同,即国有企业的影子银行化业务对企业主营业务发展的抑制效应更强,而融资约束越强的企业其影子银行化业务对企业主营业务发展的抑制效应更明显.     

非金融企业影子银行化与融资结构——中国上市公司的经验证据北大核心CSSCISSCI

本文从理论角度剖析了非金融企业从事影子银行活动的内、外部驱动因素和机制,基于三个假设命题构建了非金融企业影子银行化与融资结构的关系模型,并运用2009—2015年中国上市公司数据进行检验。结果显示:第一,融资结构对非金融企业从事影子业务的规模产生显著的影响,内源融资、外源融资对企业影子银行规模均存在显著的正向效应。其中,外源融资相较于内源融资、股权融资相较于债权融资对非金融企业影子银行化规模的促进作用更强;第二,经济增长放缓、社会固定资产投资下降引致的宏观经济环境变化加剧了非金融企业影子银行化趋势;第三,不同所有制结构、不同规模企业影子银行化规模与其融资结构的关系存在差异,国有、大型企业外源融资和股权融资占比高,影子银行化动机强烈。但随着企业规模的进一步上升,影子银行化行为会因股东关注和社会舆论受到一定的约束。最后提出抑制企业过度金融化的建议。     

中国银行业竞争与非金融企业影子银行化

本文结合非金融企业影子银行化的形成机制以及中国金融市场发展的特征事实,从“供给侧”和“需求侧”双重视角探究银行竞争如何抑制非金融企业影子银行化。以2003—2019年中国非金融上市企业为研究样本,分析发现,银行竞争能够显著降低非金融企业影子银行化。进一步以放松中小商业银行分支机构市场准入为标志事件构造准自然实验,基于双重差分法的计量结果为识别银行竞争对非金融企业影子银行化的抑制效应提供了稳健的经验证据。机制分析发现,银行业竞争通过弱化“信贷扭曲”和“监管套利”两个维度的作用机制抑制非金融企业影子银行化。异质性分析表明,银行竞争对非金融企业影子银行化的抑制作用在融资约束较高和投资机会较少的样本中尤为明显。     

影子银行与银行体系稳定性——基于类信贷影子银行业务视角的实证分析北大核心

中国影子银行以商业银行为中心,本质上是商业银行为进行监管套利主动发起或主导的类信贷业务.影子银行不仅使商业银行资产负债之间的关联更加复杂,也增加了商业银行与同业金融机构之间的关联,存在系统性风险隐患.本文使用2007-2020年16家上市商业银行的季度非平衡面板数据,实证分析影子银行业务对银行体系稳定性的影响.研究发现,少量适度的影子银行业务规模有助于增强银行体系稳定性,影子银行业务规模超过一定阈值后才会降低银行体系稳定性.因此,本文认为应中性看待影子银行发展,维持金融创新和金融监管的适度平衡,防范高风险影子银行业务死灰复燃,引导低风险影子银行资金流入实体经济.     

金融科技与影子银行业务——基于商业银行理财产品的实证检验

本文基于2010-2020年中国上市商业银行的微观数据,以非保本理财产品作为影子银行业务的代理变量分析金融科技发展对影子银行业务的影响。研究发现,金融科技的发展与影子银行业务具有正相关性;异质性分析发现,金融科技对不同规模银行影子银行业务的影响程度存在差异,对大型银行影响不明显,对其他银行作用明显;银行金融科技水平的提高虽然一定程度上通过影子银行业务使得表内信息的风险评价指标得到改善,却也可能增加了银行整体风险承担水平。     

我国影子银行规模测度

在综合国内外对影子银行定义和我国影子银行发展状况的基础上,本文对影子银行概念进行界定,并将影子银行分外内部影子银行和外部影子银行两部分,对这两部分分别进行测度,得出内部影子银行和外部影子银行规模都在不断扩张的结论.为控制影子银行风险必须完善影子银行监管体系,推进利率市场化进程,控制影子银行资金流向,循序渐进引导影子银行发展.     

浅析中国式影子银行问题及其应对策略

当前,中国银行业脱媒的主要表现形式之一就是影子银行体系在整个金融体系内的膨胀式发展。尽管有专家称,影子银行从本质上看是一种金融创新,在当前金融机构市场化和社会融资多元化背景下,应该理性认识,并非所有正规金融体系之外、非传统银行业务的金融创新都应该划入可能引发系统性风险的影子银行的范畴。但从2012年我国经由影子银行渠道提供的资金规模占同期社会融资规模总量已经超过1/3,影子银行已经给中国金融体系带来巨大的安全隐患。本文通过对影子银行的涵义、存在的问题进行分析,试图提出一些有益的监管意见。     

金融错配、非金融企业影子银行化与经济“脱实向虚”

当前,我国一些非金融企业通过直接或间接的方式从事影子银行业务。本文利用2004-2015年上市公司数据研究发现,金融错配程度的提高整体上会提高企业影子银行化规模,并且这种效应仅在金融深化程度较高、经济资源市场化配置程度偏低的地区显著;僵尸企业和盈利性较差的企业,分别受到“利润追逐”和“投资替代”机制的影响,金融错配对其影子银行化趋势的正向作用更为明显。机制检验发现,金融错配水平的上升通过提高融资约束程度从而降低企业实体投资水平,这种效应在资产专用性较强的企业中更为明显;金融错配主要通过融资约束程度和实体投资规模,而非资本回报率渠道作用于企业影子银行化行为。本文研究对于提高信贷资源配置效率,防范经济“脱实向虚”具有较强的政策意义。     

金融错配、非金融企业影子银行化与经济“脱实向虚”

当前,我国一些非金融企业通过直接或间接的方式从事影子银行业务。本文利用2004-2015年上市公司数据研究发现,金融错配程度的提高整体上会提高企业影子银行化规模,并且这种效应仅在金融深化程度较高、经济资源市场化配置程度偏低的地区显著;僵尸企业和盈利性较差的企业,分别受到“利润追逐”和“投资替代”机制的影响,金融错配对其影子银行化趋势的正向作用更为明显。机制检验发现,金融错配水平的上升通过提高融资约束程度从而降低企业实体投资水平,这种效应在资产专用性较强的企业中更为明显;金融错配主要通过融资约束程度和实体投资规模,而非资本回报率渠道作用于企业影子银行化行为。本文研究对于提高信贷资源配置效率,防范经济“脱实向虚”具有较强的政策意义。     

我国影子银行对商业银行体系盈利能力的影响研究

随着我国金融市场自由化程度的不断提高,影子银行近年来如雨后春笋版迅猛增长,一方面影子银行业务拓宽了商业银行的融资渠道,帮助商业银行金融创新,提升了盈利能力;另一方面,影子银行抢占了有限的金融市场,给商业银行造成经营压力,且通过交叉业务将自身风险传递给商业银行,降低商业银行整体盈利能力。本文在剖析影子银行运作机制的基础上,研究其对我国商业银行盈利能力的影响,结合影子银行的特点提出针对性建议措施,帮助商业银行更好的利用影子银行业务提升盈利能力。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.