我国消费者心理价格研究综述

心理价格是指消费者在主观上对一种商品给出的价格,或者是消费者在商品价格既定情况下,对商品的接受程度。期望理论、心理账户理论、期望理论、感觉阈限理论对研究消费者心理价格做了深入理论分析。心理价格的形成源自实际价格与感知参考价格的比较,影响心理价格的因素主要包括个人因素、商品因素、购物环境因素、社会因素等。心理定价策略的理论和实证研究对研究消费者心理价格具有积极的科学价值。但此类研究数量较少、实证研究少、表面化现象严重,有待深入。     

基于多参考点的消费者价格公平感知和产品定价研究

价格公平感知是消费者做出购买决策时的重要影响因素。由四个维度组成的参考体系为产品历史价格、不同地区该产品价格、竞争产品价格和产品成本估计等,基于该参考体系消费者价格公平感知的形成及其对产品需求的影响,为产品定价提供新思路。     

消费者网上购物决策的实证分析——基于女性服饰的淘宝网购物平台信息

基于淘宝购物平台,通过建立Probit模型对女性消费者购买决策进行实证分析。研究发现:商品价格对女性消费者购买决策存在显著负向作用;是否是天猫商城对购买决策有显著的正向影响;而网购页面中呈现的描述评价、服务评价、发货速度信息虽然对购买决策产生正向作用,但是影响不显著。此外发现女性消费者在购买商品时避免最低价格这一特性。     

商品房购买决策影响因素的研究——基于南宁市商品房消费群体的调查

本文通过问卷调查,对商品房消费者购买决策的影响因素及其影响途径进行研究,得出以下结论:价值因子、居住环境因子、财务因子、安全因子和质量因子是购买决策的主要影响因子;这些因子对购买决策的影响途径是不同的,其中价值因子和居住环境因子通过消费者的心理认知对需求产生影响,价值因子、居住环境因子、财务因子、安全因子和质量因子通过消费者的感知风险对产品搜寻产生影响,价值因子和财务因子通过消费者感知价值对备选方案评估产生影响。     

消费者价格心理与文化偏好研究

由于社会文化根深蒂固的影响，现代商品价格不仅仅是商品价值的货币表现，具有衡量商品价值的功能，也是消费者文化心理和文化偏好在购物行为方面的体现，文化偏好日益影响消费者的购买决策。深入研究消费者的价格心理以及在价格决策方面的文化偏好表现，并在价格制定中有意识地迎合、培养消     

消费者价格敏感度影响因素分析

价格是商品价值的货币表现,了解消费者对价格的感知,有利于提高企业的竞争能力,本文从产品、公司营销策略和消费者个人三个角度分析了影响消费者价格敏感度的各种因素,这些因素综合影响消费者的价格感知心理。     

网络评价对网络消费者购买决策的影响研究

论文从实证的角度出发,主要研论证在线评价的对网络消费者购买决策的影响。以淘宝为例,提出了研究假设和模型,通过对调查问卷所获得的数据进行分析,检验了研究假设。最后根据数据分析的结果,提出了相关的意见。消费者网络购物的过程其实质上是在信息不完全对称的环境下进行的,由于信息的不完全对称,当消费者在购买商品的时候,或多或少都会感知到一定的风险。此时,消费者就会扩大信息的搜寻范围以搜集更多有效信息以降低购买决策所带来的风险。消费者在进行信息搜寻时也就会涉及本文将要进行着重研究的在线交易评价。因此,对在线交易评价以及其对于消费者购买决策影响机制的深入研究,不仅有助于企业更好的把握消费者,并且采取有效的营销手段以获取最大收益,同时使我们消费者得到最优质的服务和商品。     

在线交易中价格框架对消费者感知价值影响的实证研究

在线交易在当今人们的生活消费中占有越来越大的比重,而价格作为企业营销策略中的重要组成部分,对消费者购买意愿的影响日益增加。本文通过情景实验法研究了在线交易中不同的价格呈现方式,对消费者感知价值与购买意愿的影响及其内在作用机制,结果发现,产品价格的高低和定价方式影响价格框架效应的实现,且价格框架通过感知价值间接影响消费者购买意愿。针对以上结论对电商企业营销实践提出建议。     

基于AHP的消费者特性研究

消费者特性制约着消费者对商品的感知和态度,从而影响了消费者的购买行为。采用层次分析法(AHP)研究消费者特性各因素对消费者购买决策的影响大小,据此为企业拟定营销战略提出相关建议。     

消费者商品价格涨跌预期心理研究

文章提出造成消费者买涨不买跌的一个重要原因是消费者具有商品价格涨跌预期心理。消费者在受商品、价格变化、收入水平、消费目标等因素影响下,围绕单位商品价格变化对收入水平的影响进行分析思考,经过感知价格变化、评估价格变化对需要的影响、判定价格变化趋势、维持价格变化预期等环节而形成价格涨跌预期心理。这种心理具有方向性、持续性、稳定性、不可逆性等特点,对消费者的购买动机与行为具有直接影响,对市场交换活动与经济环境也具有重要的作用。针对这种心理国家能够采用一些策略加以调控。     

Perceived situational effects on price sensitivity

In this article, the multidimensionality of price as perceived by members of a consumer panel is examined. Respondents are first classified as price-sensitive or non-price-sensitive with respect to a durable and a nondurable product. Several dimensions of price are then described within the framework of brand purchase decision situations, and consumer evaluations of the importance of each situational dimension are measured. Dimensions perceived as important by price-sensitive persons are different from those considered important by non-price-sensitive consumers. Variations exist in the importance of price dimensions based on type of product.     

A comparison of two types of price discounts in shifting consumers' attitudes and purchase intentions

This study focuses on consumer responses to two different types of price discounts: 1) a price discount with and 2) a price discount without a minimum purchase requirement. The effects of the discounts are examined to the extent that they may change consumers' attitudes and purchase intentions regarding a particular brand, by moving it from consumers' hold set to consideration set. A three-phase study on fast-food services in China was conducted. The results of the study provide new empirical insights regarding how to use a brand categorization model to predict the effects of different types of price discounts on consumer purchase behavior. More specifically, this study demonstrates that when a price discount with and without a minimum purchase requirement is applied to a brand in a hold set, the brand moves from the consumers' hold set to the consideration set. However, the effects of the two types of price discounts on consumers' attitudes and purchase intentions are not significantly different. The results are discussed in relation to brand management and marketing strategies in consumer goods industries.     

Exploring the connection between frustration and consumer choice behavior in a dynamic decision environment

This research proposes that frustration during the purchase process for high‐technology durable goods has a significant effect on the probability that consumers will commit to a technology and make a purchase. In order to explore the effects of consumer frustration on the purchase process, a scale is developed that reveals that frustration in high‐technology decision environments is composed of two dimensions, processing frustration and frustration with the pace of technological change. These dimensions of frustration have a significant effect on consumer choice behavior. While processing frustration significantly reduces the probability of commitment to a technology, the probability of making a decision is significantly lower when consumers are frustrated with the pace of technological change. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Examining impacts of negative reviews and purchase goals on consumer purchase decision

Extensive literature has studied the impact of positive online reviews on consumers’ purchase decisions. Research on the role of negative reviews in consumer price perception is heavily under-investigated. This study examines effects of negative reviews on consumer price perception and subsequent purchase behavior while considering the moderating effect of purchase goals. Results from two experiments show that the proportion of negative reviews has stronger negative impacts on purchase decision for consumers with a purchase goal than those without. This research contributes to growing knowledge about negative online reviews and consumer goal literature and offers practical implications for online retailers.     

A Multiple-discrete/Continuous Model of Price Promotion

Understanding the effect of temporary price reductions, or price promotions, on sales of consumer packaged goods is an area of ongoing interest, both in academia and in practice. Price promotions, however, are becoming an increasingly important method of managing consumer demand for fresh produce items. Modeling the impact of price promotions must take into account the differentiated nature of fresh produce and the fact that consumers tend to purchase multiple items of only a few of the products available to them. Neither a continuous nor a discrete model of demand is appropriate. In this paper, we apply a multiple-discrete/continuous model of fresh produce demand to study the impact of price promotion on retail apple sales. Our findings show that the brand switching/category incidence effect of promotion is closer to 65/35 than the more usual 80/20 rule (80 percent of the effect is brand switching and 20 percent purchase incidence) when the nature of the decision is appropriately taken into consideration.     

The effect of privacy choice in cookie notices on consumers' perceived fairness of frequent price changes

Recent regulatory changes (i.e., General Data Protection Regulation of the European Union) enforce that seller (e.g., retail and service) and all other websites disclose through cookie notices which data they collect and store. At the same time, websites must allow consumers to disagree to the tracking of their browsing behavior. Despite sellers' concern about the loss of consumer insights—as consumers might disagree to the collection of their browsing data—cookie notices might also have a surprising side-effect: Consumers might accept frequent price changes (from personalized or dynamic pricing) more readily, if they agree through a cookie notice that their behavior can be tracked. Specifically, two experimental studies show that consent to the tracking of browsing behavior increases consumers internal attribution of a price change, as consumers attribute the cause of the change (here: giving up data) to themselves. This increases price fairness perceptions and, in turn, purchase intent. As a result, for online sellers of goods or services the implementation of cookie notice should no longer be thought as a matter to be avoided, but rather a trade-off decision: Loss of a part of consumer insights versus higher acceptance of data-driven marketing mix decisions, such as frequent price changes.     

Pricing strategy and the formation and evolution of reference price perceptions in new product categories

This study examines the formation and evolution of reference price perceptions in new product categories. It contributes to our understanding of pricing new products by integrating two important research streams in marketing—reference price theory and the theory of pioneer brand advantage. Prior research has focused solely on products in existing or incrementally new categories, and has typically examined fast‐moving consumer goods. Using a cross‐sectional experiment to study the formation of reference price perceptions, and a separate, but related, longitudinal experiment to study the evolution of reference price perceptions, the findings suggest that the pioneer brand's initial price defines a consumer's initial reference price, whether the pioneer is following a skimming or a penetration strategy. This effect endures in later time periods where the initial price affects consumer perceptions of value and purchase intention. The study also finds that the pioneer, due to its prototypicality, has a stronger influence on reference price perceptions than the follower, creating a systematic bias to both the formation and evolution of reference price perceptions in new product categories. Thus, reference price perceptions are shaped by what the pioneer does, rather than what the follower does. Furthermore, category‐level reference prices exist and explain purchase intention, but do not improve over brand‐specific measures in this regard. These findings have implications for pricing strategy and the theory of reference prices. ©2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Identifying the key purchase factors for organic food among Chinese consumers

The current study primarily aims to identify the critical purchase factors that affect Chinese consumer purchase intention and purchase decision with regard to organic food consumption, in accordance with a modified theory of planned behavior and the alphabet theory. Specifically, this study builds a conceptual research framework by which to delve into the relationships between purchase factors and purchase intention, and elucidate the mediating roles of purchase factors in the relationships between purchase intention and purchase decision. Moreover, by leveraging a modified theory of planned behavior and the alphabet theory, the current study also determines the critical roles of subjective norms and reveals the information and knowledge that impact consumer attitude toward the purchase of organic food. The current study leverages the purposive sampling method and captures 310 records within Beijing, China. The results indicate that purchase attitude correlates positively with subjective norms and knowledge, while purchase intention correlates positively with purchase attitude, perceived behavior control, and food therapy culture. Furthermore, purchase intention can significantly mediate relationships between each of purchase attitude, perceived behavior control, food therapy culture, and purchase decision. Finally, we discuss the theoretical and practical significance of the framework, and propose subsequent research directions regarding organic food purchase behavior.     

Hidden costs of consumption

Consumers often underestimate the costs resulting from their consumer decisions. This is especially the case when purchasing durable consumer goods, but also for recreational activities, for which e.g. athletic equipment is bought. A similar situation exists when pets are kept. This disregard for the costs of subsequent use connected with the purchase of household appliances is problematic for consumers. In a study on the usage life of consumer goods¹ in the household, it was recognized that many consumers do not pay attention to these subsequent costs. The decisive consumer problem was not the durability of consumer goods, nor their tendency to become defective, but the resulting costs of the purchase, the operating costs of household appliances. On one hand, the working expenses are not considered at the time of purchase and their effect is not included in the purchase decision. On the other, the operating costs vary greatly, depending on the chosen type and model of appliance and, of course, on the specific form of utilization. In this paper, the question of the durability of consumer goods is first discussed with the help of empirical work. Then the hidden resulting costs, i.e. operating costs or costs of usage of consumer goods, are described. The resulting costs of keeping pets are also discussed. In the final part, the question of objective help for the consumer making purchase decisions is discussed.     

Buying while expecting to sell: The economic psychology of online resale

Consumer online resale is becoming increasingly common for transactions of secondhand goods. However, when accompanied by a preconceived intention to resell a product after using it, the initial consumer purchasing decision for self-use is complicated by the estimated resale value of that good. We applied the principles of mental accounting to develop and evaluate a new concept that may influence consumer resale and purchase intention: external resale reference price (ERRP). The study examines how online consumer sellers' economic psychology of buying affected their expectation of future online resale outcome. The results indicate that (1) consumers' awareness of future online resale potential can influence their purchasing decisions; (2) ERRP, which is mediated by the estimated resale return, can increase purchase intention; and (3) the effects of ERRP on purchase intention are moderated by online resale likelihood, but are minimal when consumers are aware that resale possibility is extremely low.