英国养老金金融化改革的经验和启示

文章梳理了英国养老金制度改革历程,归纳了三个支柱改革的金融化导向及表现,分析了金融化改革对第二、三支柱养老金覆盖率、缴费率、投资收益和基金积累的影响,以及生命周期化投资、养老金债券等金融创新在应对低利率风险、金融危机冲击风险中的作用.基于英国养老金金融化改革经验,结合我国企业年金和个人养老金发展的实际,总结了引入"自动加入"制度、发展集合年金计划、完善税收优惠、推行审慎监管、鼓励养老金生命周期投资创新以及改革基础养老金制度为职业年金和个人养老金金融化改革创造条件等结论和启示.     

浙江省科创金融存在的主要问题与提升建议探索

浙江省经济的高质量发展离不开科创金融的强力支持.浙江省近几年在科创金融方面取得了一定的成绩,但还存在一些问题,主要表现为属地科创专营金融机构设立不足、投贷联动未形成可复制的成果经验、知识产权质押价值评估机制不完善、科创金融改革滞后等方面.针对上述不足,提出设立科技专营机构、建设投贷联动平台和风控体系、丰富知识产权质物处置渠道、推进重点城市科创金融改革试点等建议,为建设共同富裕示范区打下坚实基础.     

加大金融支持区域经济发展的思考

一、目前经济发展所面临的金融环境 经济的发展离不开金融业的资金支持,随着金融体制改革的不断深入,国有商业银行商业化改革步伐日益加快,经济发展所面临的金融环境发生了较大的变化.主要表现在:     

我国金融制度变迁的绩效分析和改革取向

建国以来,我国金融制度经历了从市场金融到计划金融再到市场金融的历史变迁,而真正的现代市场化金融制度改革是从中国的经济体制改革开始的。其制度变迁表现出了强制性、渐进式、路径依赖性以及滞后性等主要特征,但也正在发生一些积极的适应市场需求的变化。中国金融制度改革的成效是显著的,无论从制度存量和制度增量的创新,还是金融总量的增加和金融市场功能的增强,不过这些变化并不深刻,在金融组织结构、市场功能以及金融监管和金融宏观调控等方面仍未发生质的变化。从改革取向看,中国金融制度应在金融市场制度变迁、金融产权制度变迁和金融调控制度变迁等方面进行一系列创新。     

我国金融创新的经济影响分析

金融创新特别是制度创新,促使我国金融体系在改革前一片空白的基础上,逐步建立、发展和完善.金融体系的建立、发展和完善是我国改革的一个重要成果,对我国的经济发展起到了巨大的促进作用.改革开放以来,我国经济增长率达到年平均8-9%的高水平,如果没有金融创新下的金融体系的形成、发展和完善的支持,这是根本无法实现的.为更好发挥金融创新对经济发展的积极作用,有必要对金融创新对经济的影响进行更加深入的分析.金融创新对经济的影响主要表现在如下几方面:     

金融经济与实体经济的分离探析

金融经济与实体经济相分离突出地表现为金融经济与实体经济在数量、规模、地位等方面出现失衡,导致金融经济体高度集中,实体经济受到挤压。金融经济与实体经济相分离的根源有:技术和制度因素,金融资产比率增加,金融管制等。基于此,经济改革应促使金融经济以服务实体经济为自身发展的立足点。     

金融经济与实体经济的分离探析

金融经济与实体经济相分离突出地表现为金融经济与实体经济在数量、规模、地位等方面出现失衡,导致金融经济体高度集中,实体经济受到挤压。金融经济与实体经济相分离的根源有:技术和制度因素,金融资产比率增加,金融管制等。基于此,经济改革应促使金融经济以服务实体经济为自身发展的立足点。     

金融科技下供应链金融创新模式探究

供应链金融已成为供给侧结构性改革中推动产融结合、助力金融服务实体经济的重要战略抓手,尤其在解决中小企业融资难、融资贵问题方面发挥了重要作用.经过多年发展,供应链金融表现出很大的活力,市场潜在规模巨大,但同时也存在诸多问题,如信用体系不完善、核心企业信用难以传递、虚假仓单、重复质押等.金融科技是金融与科学技术深度融合发展...     

以金融科技为核心的金融专业人才培养探讨

伴随金融科技在金融实践领域的广泛应用,以金融科技为核心的金融学人才需求较大,培养具有金融科技背景的金融专业人才是当前刻不容缓的重要任务.基于金融科技发展的背景,在总结已有金融专业教学改革经验的基础上,分析以金融科技为核心的金融专业人才培养的必要性和紧迫性及高校金融学专业培养的现状.总结目前高校金融人才培养存在的主要问题,发现其主要问题表现在:课程设置缺少金融科技在特色金融中的应用等内容;金融学专业教材部分内容可能与现实发展脱节;实践课程的比重有待提高;师资配备方面缺乏具有金融科技背景知识的教师队伍;金融风险和职业道德教育重视不够;等等.针对以上存在的问题,从优化高校人才培养目标、重构高校金融专业课程体系、改进教学模式及提升师资团队专业水平、打造金融科技应用实验基地以及加强金融专业人才的风险意识和职业道德教育等方面提出改革路径.     

我国金融制度变迁的绩效分析和改革取向

建国以来，我国金融制度经历了从市场金融到计划金融再到市场金融的历史变迁，而真正的现代市场化金融制度改革是从中国的经济体制改革开始的。其制度变迁表现出了强制性、渐进式、路径依赖性以及滞后性等主要特征，但也正在发生一些积极的适应市场需求的变化。中国金融制度改革的成效是显著的，无论从制度存量和制度增量的创新，还是金融总量的增加和金融市场功能的增强，不过这些变化并不深刻，在金融组织结构、市场功能以及金融监管和金融宏观调控等方面仍未发生质的变化。从改革取向看，中国金融制度应在金融市场制度变迁、金融产权制度变迁和金融调控制度变迁等方面进行一系列创新。     

SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENTS IN MOTOR INSURANCE IN THAILAND

ABSTRACT: The 1990s saw rapid economic growth in Thailand. Motor insurance grew enormously, becoming the biggest income earner for total general business (both for the whole industry and for many individual companies). Cash flow underwriting seemed to be the recipe for success in a competitive market.
The agency distribution system for motor insurance in Thailand is almost wholly controlled by finance companies and banks, which expect a high rate of commission. Their delay in paying over the premiums to the insurers created bad-debt problems after the 1997 economic crash, when the government closed many of these financing companies. This also meant an end to the motor insurance boom, with a decrease in premium income and a reduction in investment returns and assets, thus threatening solvency margins.
Earlier in the decade, in 1993, there was the introduction of compulsory third-party insurance, followed by the establishment by the government of provincial bureaus to help these third-party claimants. And in 2000, just in time for the next wave of economic growth, a new rating system has been introduced to bring sophistication to the basic process of evaluating and pricing different risks, though still within a government tariff system. Liberalization is coming, in stages, and the industry is making changes so as to be in a fit state to cope with the increased competition and opportunities that this liberalization will bring.
Like all setbacks, the crash of 1997 was an opportunity for Thai motor insurers to examine the fundamentals of their business and plan to increase their professionalism. Some are already well on the way to high-quality service, meeting ISO 9002 standards, and have begun Internet trading.     

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING IN SPAIN

This paper provides an analysis of the present situation concerning local government accounting in Spain following recent reforms introduced in the early nineties. It presents a picture of the main features of Spanish local finance—budgeting and accounting, the measurement focus, and the basis of accounting—and analyses the financial reporting system adopted by Spanish municipalities. This is followed by a critical review of several weak points in the reform which in the author's view will encourage further developments.     

CHANGES IN POVERTY AND INEQUALITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

This paper presents new data on poverty, inequality, and growthin those developing countries of the world for which the requisitestatistics are available. Eco-nomic growth is found generallybut not always to reduce poverty. Growth, however, is foundto have very little to do with income inequality. Thus the "economiclaws" linking the rate of growth and the distribution of benefitsreceive only very tenuous empirical support here.      

REGULARITIES IN THE VARIATION OF SKEWNESS IN ASSET RETURNS

This paper documents regularities in the comparative skewness characteristics across several classes of assets and over time. We find smaller capitalized stock indices are more negatively skewed than larger stock indices. Over time, the skewness of stock indices follows a business-cycle-related variation. Skewness is more negative during economic upturns and less negative, even positive, during downturns. Three alternative methods for testing the statistical significance of skewness and for making confidence interval estimates of skewness are presented. These include a bootstrap methodology and a test that allows for nonindependent observations.     

CORRELATED BEHAVIOR IN LIMIT ORDER CANCELLATIONS,COMOVEMENT IN ASSET RETURNS,AND COMMONALITY IN LIQUIDITY

We examine whether there is common behavior in limit order cancellation activity, that is, commonality in cancellation activity, on U.S. exchanges. We then examine whether this commonality in cancellation activity is associated with increased levels of return comovement and commonality in liquidity. We document strong evidence of limit order traders exhibiting exchange, industry, marketwide, and stock-level commonality with regard to cancellation activity, which is consistent with limit order traders exhibiting correlated trading behavior. We also find that this correlated behavior in cancellation activity is associated with increased levels of return comovement and commonality in liquidity.