城市旅游与城市协调发展水平评价及其影响因素分析——以河南省为例

旅游业已成为提升城市综合实力的重要支撑,探究城市旅游与城市协调发展水平及其影响因素,对增强城市旅游功能、提高城市旅游竞争力具有重要价值。本文以河南省为例,构建城市旅游与城市协调发展水平评价指标体系,并采用TOPSIS法进行评价。研究结果表明：2002—2019年,河南省城市旅游与城市协调发展水平值的变化总体呈现递增态势,伴有较小波动。从城市层面而言,郑州、洛阳、开封是城市旅游与城市协调发展水平较高的城市,而西部省界沿线的灵宝、济源、沁阳、辉县等地城市旅游与城市协调发展水平相对较低。依据城市旅游与城市协调发展测评结果,可将河南省城市划分为高度协调型、中度协调型、低度协调型和微度协调型。根据指标性质可将城市旅游与城市协调发展的影响因素归纳为城市环境建设、城市基础设施投资规模、城市经济政策支持力度、城市社会发展环境,其对两者间协调发展影响的重要性程度依次降低。     

低碳旅游服务提供效率评价研究——以张家界景区环保交通为例

文章基于投入产出分析,构建低碳旅游服务提供效率评价的数据包络法(DEA)和随机前沿函数法(SFA)。DEA优势在于不需要估计函数形式,但趋向于高估经营管理的无效率水平。SFA将低碳旅游组织低效率区分为干扰项无效率和纯管理无效率,通过测算其随机前沿生产成本函数来测算其低碳旅游服务的提供效率。文章以张家界市景区环保交通低碳旅游服务为研究对象进行实证分析显示:环保交通低碳旅游服务提供效率较低、存在较为严重的季节波动性,但呈现出递增的变化规律;旅游总人次、人力资本投资、固定资产投资对低碳旅游服务提供效率产生正向影响,而劳动者数量、燃料消耗对其产生负面影响。该研究为提供低碳旅游服务的旅游企业经营决策与公共政策制定提供了理论与实证依据。     

Money illusion and inflation management in tourism: The hotel industry case

Using regression analysis, this study examines the relationship between inflation, room rates, capacity utilization, and profitability in the hotel industry. The results show that room rates and nominal profits have been strongly related to inflation while occupancy rates and real profits have been independent of inflation over the twenty year period examined. Findings suggest general absence of money illusion implying effective inflation management policies.     

Exploring the nexus between urbanisation,inflation and tourism output: empirical evidences from the Fiji Islands

The main aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between urbanisation, inflation and tourism output of Fiji. This study used the Autoregressive Distributed Lag bounds test to examine the relationship between urbanisation, inflation and tourism output by using annual time series data for the period 1985–2015. This study has found that urbanisation, inflation and tourism output share a long-run relationship when urbanisation and inflation are used as the dependent variables. The results of this study confirm that in the long run, tourism output has a significant and positive impact on urbanisation. This implies that a 1% increase in tourism output will increase urbanisation by 0.000165%. In the short run, urbanisation and inflation do not affect the tourism output of Fiji. The findings from this study have implications for the policy-makers and practitioners. Policy-makers should play an essential role in expanding tourism activities in the rural areas. In Fiji, there is development disparity between the urban and rural areas. The government has to invest more financial resources in the development of tourism activities in the rural areas.     

我国旅游业投资价值评价：基于资本市场角度的研究

文章借助于金融学的风险一收益理论及其经典的市场绩效评价指标,利用10年期的大样本数据,首次比较系统地分析了我国旅游业上市公司的投资价值,得出比较稳健的研究结论。研究结果表明,旅游业整体上获得了相对于市场平均水平的超额收益,旅游业的投资价值得到了投资者的肯定;从行业细分来看,市场表现最好的是景点类公司,其次是酒店类,综合类公司的市场表现一般;旅游企业的投资价值与公司质地、特别是盈利能力密切相关。     

Eco-efficiency and its determinants at a tourism destination: A case study of Huangshan National Park,China

This study creates a comprehensive evaluation index system, including undesirable outputs and a Slacks-Based Measure-Data Envelopment Analysis model, to analyse the characteristics and evolution of eco-efficiency at an individual tourism destination. This study also empirically identifies the determinants of eco-efficiency. Huangshan National Park, one of the most iconic and highly visited national parks in China, was chosen as the study site. The study results indicate that eco-efficiency has improved continuously. Pure technical efficiency is higher than scale efficiency, while eco-efficiency is more relevant to scale efficiency than to pure technical efficiency. The evolution of eco-efficiency undergoes four stages: an initial inefficient stage, a rapid growth stage, a mature efficient stage and a downside risk stage. Moreover, tourism development, industrial structure and technical level have significantly positive impacts on eco-efficiency, but investment level displays the opposite trend. Environmental regulation emphasizing waste control does not effectively promote eco-efficiency. Finally, theoretical and practical contributions of the findings are discussed in the context of eco-efficiency at a tourism destination. For instance, an eco-efficiency analysis of a destination should treat the tourism destination as a macro-scale system with complex evolutionary rules and should combine this perspective with theory, such as the tourist area cycle of evolution proposed by Butler in 1980.     

A Temporal Analysis of Conference Venue Refurbishment Within the U.K. Conference Sector

Abstract

This paper examines conference venue refurbishments within purpose-built venues, hotels, educational establishments, and visitor attractions across the U.K. conference sector. The main data relate to six refurbishment activities undertaken to create a venue conference product. Additionally, refurbishments undertaken since the conference facilities opened, and future plans for refurbishments across the four venue classifications are examined. The refurbishments examined are those of upgrading furnishings, upgrading décor, complying with health and safety legislation, the implementation of modern conference technologies, converting and/or extending the venue to supply or improve conference facilities and the provision of disabled access. The results show that initial level of initial investment across all venue classifications is not sustained, and a decline in future investment is apparent.     

会展旅游发展条件评价体系研究

本文通过文献回顾和专家访谈就会展旅游的发展条件初步选取了6项一级指标和26项二级指标,通过专家问卷法对指标进行筛选和修整,从软硬环境两方面确定了评价会展旅游发展条件的6项一级指标,然后运用层次分析法对评价指标的权重进行计算,最终建立会展旅游发展条件的评估体系.     

Asymmetric impact of oil prices,exchange rate,and inflation on tourism demand in Pakistan: new evidence from nonlinear ARDL

This study scrutinized the asymmetric impact of oil prices, exchange rate, and inflation on tourism demand in Pakistan using [Shin, Y., Yu, B., & Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014) Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDL framework. In Festschrift in honor of peter schmidt (pp. 281–314). New York, NY: Springer] nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model. The NARDL bounds test examined the existence of cointegration in study variables, including CO₂ emissions, institutional quality, oil prices, exchange rate, inflation, and tourism demand. The evidence proposes that disregarding the intrinsic nonlinearities may misinform inference. The estimated NARDL model affirmed long-run negative and significant effect of CO₂ emissions on tourism demand, while institutional quality was positively associated with tourism demand. Furthermore, the findings of the study also suggested long-run asymmetric relationship between oil prices, exchange rate, inflation, and tourism demand.     

The Hershey sugar mill in Cuba: from global industrial heritage to local sustainable tourism development

Although now abandoned, the Hershey sugar mill represents much of Cuba’s history, heritage, culture, and economy. The associated company town, nature gardens, and electric rail line remain in use to date, albeit in deteriorating condition. This paper presents the history of Hershey investment and significance in Cuba, the current state of the site, and the results of an evaluation of the potential for developing the Hershey complex as a sustainable tourism destination and source of local employment. The study concludes that conservation of the site is a cultural imperative for Cuba, but with many obstacles and challenges. Incremental steps toward development may be feasible – particularly with growing potential for open tourism from the US.     

基于可持续发展视角的中国旅游业利用外资策略

从分析旅游业可持续发展投资的内涵入手,刻画旅游业外商直接投资与可持续发展的关系,剖析影响中国旅游业吸收可持续发展投资的主要因素,研究提出利用外资的系统策略:制定以可持续发展为目标的投资激励政策;将促进可持续发展纳入投资促进机构的目标体系;提高投资服务水平;塑造地区旅游形象;建立多种形式的可持续发展投资合作伙伴关系;建立具体指标体系和报告制度,对旅游业可持续发展投资进行评估和监督。     

旅游发展对我国投资、消费和出口需求的拉动效应研究

传统观念认为,旅游业能有力拉动国民消费需求。其实,旅游业发展也会引致多方面的投资需求,如景区开发、基础设施建设等。因此,旅游业发展对国民经济增长具有综合性的拉动作用。文章依据宏观经济学理论,构建了入境旅游与国内旅游对投资、消费和出口增长分析的理论框架,并利用1982~2010年相关数据,分析了旅游"两大部门"对中国经济增长"三大驱动力"的影响。研究发现:(1)发展入境旅游与国内旅游,因景区开发和旅游基础设施建设,对扩大投资有一定的正效应;(2)作为综合消费和最终消费,旅游业对扩大消费有着显著的正效应,其中,国内旅游的作用远高于入境旅游;(3)比较而言,入境旅游对出口贸易具有积极的拉动作用,而国内旅游对出口的拉动效应则不明显。因此,积极贯彻实施旅游产业发展政策,大力发展国内旅游和入境旅游,是中国当前保增长、扩内需的重要途径。     

旅游业的投资需求与对策研究

本文分析了固定资产投资对中国旅游业产业发展的影响,探讨了中国旅游业今后20年发展成为世界旅游强国所必需的资金投入,论证了固定资产投资是旅游业发展的主要推动力之一。在论述旅游投资趋势变化和现行投资机制缺陷的基础上,提出了扩大旅游投资的新定位、新政策、新手段和新机制。     

The 'portly grabbers of 75 per cent. ': capital investment in the British entertainment industry, 1885-1914

This paper takes as its starting point the assertion that our increasingly sophisticated analyses of the consumption of commercialized leisuse in Victorian and Edwardian Britain have outstripped our knowledge of the economic processes involved in its production. This paper attempts to address this imbalance though a systematic study of patterns of investment in the entertainment industry based on a quantitative analysis of music hall company records. It explores when investment in the entertainment industry intensified who provided this investment and why. The impact of limited liability legislation on investment is considered. It is argued that a narrowly capitalist attitude to investment was more evident in entertainment than in other sectors of the leisure industry. The financing of the most highly capitalized music hall companies (primarily located in major cities) became integrated into wider circuits of domestic industrial capital investment. Nevertheless, more traditional patterns of investment based on informal and local sources of capital continued to be significant in lower-cost locations.     

旅游投资在西部旅游扶贫中的效用分析

本文基于发展经济学和计量经济学相关理论，对旅游投资在我国西部旅游扶贫过程中的效用进行了实证分析。文章从投资贡献(量)和投资效率(质)两个方面对西部地区的旅游投资对当地经济发展的影响作了定量研究。结果显示，旅游投资对西部地区经济增长具有显著的效用，在西部开发的大背景下具有存在的现实需要；在发展趋势上，投资效率因素在地区经济发展中的作用越来越明显，而单纯数量因素的作用则呈现不断弱化的趋势，旅游扶贫政策需要进一步深化和完善。由此，本文提出了以提高旅游投资效率为核心的政策取向。     

Advertising expenditure,intangible value and risk: A study of restaurant companies

This study investigates the relationships between advertising expenditure, intangible value, and risk in stock returns of restaurant firms between 2000 and 2005. Tobin's Q was used to examine intangible value, and the variance of common stock return was used to measure the investment risk. The results indicate that the level of advertising expenditure has a significant positive effect on the intangible value of the firm, suggesting that advertising expenditures could help generate intangible value in restaurant firms. However, this study did not support a significant relationship between the advertising expenditure level and the stock return risk of restaurant firms.     

Do hotel REIT companies face investment constraints? A comparison with C-corporation hotel companies

This study investigates whether corporate investment by REIT hotel companies (hotel REITs hereafter) is more constrained than investment by C-corporation hotel companies (hotel C-corps hereafter). The investments of hotel REITs and hotel C-corps are examined by comparing the sensitivities of investment to cash flow and investment opportunities between the two groups. Results show that the sensitivity of investment to cash flow is positive and significantly higher for hotel REITs than for hotel C-corps, suggesting that hotel REITs are likely to experience more constraints on their corporate investment. This finding suggests that hotel firms and owners should be more cautious about electing to be a REIT if they are planning large investments in the future. In addition, this finding has policy implications; even a small reduction in the rate of mandatory dividend payouts could significantly increase hotel REITs’ corporate investments.     

Using Information Technology to Improve Customer Service

ABSTRACT

Little guidance exists in the literature with respect to the search for and evaluation of opportunities to use advanced Information Technology to enable outstanding customer service. In this article, the authors integrate existing frameworks to contribute to fill this void. The authors synthesize the Customer Service Life Cycle (CSLC) and the Customer Relationship Change Spectrum (CRCS). CSLC analysis is designed to produce idea generation and to support the creative process of identifying opportunities for IT investment in support of customer service. The CRCS enables managers to evaluate the organizational impact of proposed innovations. The combined framework offers an integrated planning framework spanning idea generation and feasibility analysis that should provide useful to both researchers and practicing managers.     

浅谈建设高素质的旅游企业家队伍

加入世界贸易组织对中国旅游业将产生积极而又深远的影响：外资的更多进入，竞争的加剧、服务水平的提升，旅游者享更多的好处．．．等等，但最根本的变化则是ＷＴＯ要求其进入的成员必须手持市场经济的入场券，这就要求中国旅游业必须通过基于市场的一系列变革来铸造自己的核心竞争能力。     

北京市旅游业三大核心产业投资经营效益现状与剖析

没有高效益的投资经营，就不可能保证旅游远景规划的实现。本文通过对北京市旅游业三大核心产业的投资经营效益现状的分析，指出北京市旅游企业投资效益不佳与不同行业的具体情况有关，而改善企业的投资经营效益应该与现有的管理体制改革相结合。政府的行业管理应该针对不同行业的特点制定出不同的宏观对策。