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1.
产业集群的社会网络嵌入性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
"嵌入性"概念作为一种分析工具和一种理念已经被众多的学者用在产业集群的研究之上,然而却遗漏了"嵌入性"本身的一些问题.因此,本文在文献探讨的基础上,首先回顾了"嵌入性"概念的发展过程,然后讨论了产业集群中嵌入的主体和客体,并依据产业集群产生机理的不同讨论了嵌入性关系的形成过程,最后讨论了产业集群中关系型嵌入不足和过度嵌入对焦点企业绩效的影响 相似文献
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网络嵌入、FDI主导型集群与本土企业发展——以苏州地区自行车集群为例 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
近些年来,伴随着外资主导型产业集群的大量出现,其能否促进东道国企业的发展,逐渐引起了学者们的重视。本文从经济社会学的角度,分析了苏州地区的昆山和太仓陆渡镇的FDI主导型自行车集群及其演变.认为在传统产业的集群中。初期本土企业与外资企业嵌入于不同的网络结构而形成的二元性网络.以及网络嵌入所具有的路径依赖性,将使得外资集群出现“飞地”效应。但是从长期来看,由于网络内外部环境的变化,外资网络有可能与当地企业网络逐渐融合,从而使得技术溢出的可能性增加。而地方政府作为社会资源的动员者,能够重塑当地的产业社群网络,以及充当外资和本土网络间的“中介人”,促进外资与当地网络的融合,从而推动当地企业的发展。 相似文献
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本文选取2003~2021年沪深A股上市企业作为研究对象,实证检验产业网络双重嵌入对企业创新的影响,并探讨新型技术追赶在其中的中介效应。结果发现:产业网络双重嵌入可以显著推动企业创新能力提升;随着嵌入程度加深,产业网络双重嵌入对企业创新速度的提升作用逐渐弱化。影响路径分析得出,产业网络双重嵌入可借助新型技术追赶提升企业创新能力。异质性分析结果显示,产业网络双重嵌入对企业创新能力与速度的影响因企业发展规模不同存在差异。据此,提出政策为基,推动产业网络嵌入标准化;缩短周期,驱动企业创新发展加速化;精准发力,助力创新发展分层化的政策建议,为企业创新驱动战略实践提供理论鉴照。 相似文献
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此文回顾了嵌入性内涵及其维度认知的3个视角--经典、虚联系和网络视角。同时发现一般企业、初创企业和跨国企业的嵌入性研究使用的维度视角存在差别。通常意义上的一般企业研究经常运用经典视角和虚联系视角,初创企业研究则多运用经典视角,而跨国企业更倾向于网络视角。在此基础上本文探讨了企业嵌入性研究的未来空间。 相似文献
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企业社会资本对企业绩效的显著作用已被广泛证实.本文在分析企业社会资本、知识共享与产业共生间关系及其对生态产业共生网络的影响基础上,提出了相关的基本假设,建立了基于知识共享中介作用的企业社会资本与产业共生之间结构方程模型,以天津市生态产业园中的生态产业共生网络为实证研究对象,通过对生态产业共生网络中的企业进行问卷调查,收集相关的数据资料,对基本假设进行了实证分析.实证结果表明:知识共享在企业社会资本的结构维、认知维对产业共生正向影响中发挥了中介作用,企业社会资本三维度间具有正相关关系.这为从社会学视角研究生态产业共生网络提供了支持性论据. 相似文献
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由嵌入性向根植性转变的航空产业集群研究——以天津航空城为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着我国对航空产业的日益重视,航空产业集群的发展成为了人们关注的问题.本文研究了嵌入性航空产业集群的内容和适用性,指出嵌入性航空产业集群发展到一定阶段,有必要向根植性航空产业集群转变.并以天津航空城为例,提出了天津航空产业集群的总体发展思路和阶段发展思路,对由嵌入性向根植性转变的航空产业集群进行了实践探索. 相似文献
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治理机制与企业网络的规模:嵌入性视角的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
企业网络的规模直接影响着一国产业的竞争力。本文以能够使成员企业合作激励达到最大的自由交易的概率衡量企业网络规模的大小.运用随机图表示企业网络内部的关系结构。通过博弈分析研究了企业网络规模与网络治理机制的关系。结果表明。企业网络的规模是由合作的张力决定的.当企业单纯依靠网络成员之间自发的嵌入关系维持相互间的合作时.网络规模只能在较低的水平上达到均衡。要想从根本上扩张企业网络的规模。必须引入外部治理机制。我国当前推动企业网络的发展。重点应放在强化外部司法惩罚机制上。 相似文献
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天使投资(angel capital)目前正广泛地活跃在欧美等发达国家,成为高新技术新创企业的重要融资来源。本文以浙江为例对天使投资在高新技术新创企业融资中的作用进行了实证分析,并提出了培育天使投资市场的建议,即建立与天使投资相匹配的资本利得税激励政策体系,天使投资信息和资源共享网络,天使投资与高新技术新创企业对接的电子网络系统,建设规范化的、全流通的、多层次的、全国性的资拳市场。 相似文献
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非对称网络权力与产业网络的空间组织——以我国台湾地区流行音乐产业网络为例 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文探讨了产业网络中非对称网络权力的形成机理,构建了非对称网络权力与产业网络空间组织间相互关系的理论分析框架,并从我国台湾地区流行音乐产业网络案例的分析获得实践支撑。结论表明:在产业网络中企业因要素占有或支配能力差异,形成由技术权力区、渠道权力区和权力塌陷区构成的非对称网络权力,产业网络的组织层级与空间层级间呈现相互对应的海默关系,而企业空间组织行为的区位锚定效应进一步强化网络权力的非对称结构。 相似文献
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集群网络结构演化分析——基于知识密集型服务机构嵌入的视角 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
产业集群如何升级?服务业与集群制造企业互动是否是产业集群升级的有效路径?为回答这样的问题,本文试图探究知识密集型服务业嵌入到产业集群之后在其中所承担的角色及其发挥的功能。论文运用社会网络分析方法和案例动态演绎方法,以浙江大唐袜业产业集群为例,实证了2003—2007年5年时间跨度中知识密集型服务机构的嵌入过程,及其对集群整体网络密度、网络中介性与网络凝聚性三个网络结构指标的作用,系统揭示知识密集型服务机构对集群网络结构的影响及其演化动力因素,以期为发展知识密集型服务业促进产业集群升级提供理论支持。 相似文献
11.
基于企业知识理论的观点认为知识资源已成为企业最为重要的战略性资源。外部社会资本作为新创企业社会关系网络在创业活动中的嵌入,是企业知识获取的重要手段。该文以社会资本理论为基础,通过对湖北省内116家新创企业的有效问卷调查及结构方程分析,研究表明,新创企业外部社会资本的结构维度、关系维度、认知维度对知识获取、新创企业绩效有显著影响,知识获取在新创企业外部社会资本与新创企业绩效的关系中起到部分中介作用。因此新创企业应加强外部社会资本构建和管理能力,促进知识获取,从而实现企业绩效的提升。 相似文献
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网络、资源与竞争优势:一个企业社会学视角下的观点 总被引:35,自引:0,他引:35
资源一直是企业获取竞争优势的主要战略因素。本文以“传统资源”为研究起点,刻画了企业行为的社会嵌入性特征,并通过引入“网络资源”这一概念揭示出一个更加全面、以企业网络及其关系资本为背景的资源分析框架,完善地拓展了传统的资源基础论观点。 相似文献
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Ranjay Gulati 《战略管理杂志》1999,20(5):397-420
This paper presents a dynamic, firm‐level study of the role of network resources in determining alliance formation. Such resources inhere not so much within the firm but reside in the interfirm networks in which firms are placed. Data from extensive fieldwork show that by influencing the extent to which firms have access to information about potential partners, such resources are an important catalyst for new alliances, especially because alliances entail considerable hazards. This study also assesses the importance of firms’ capabilities with alliance formation and material resources as determinants of their alliance decisions. I test this dynamic framework and its hypotheses about the role of time‐varying network resources and firm capabilities with comprehensive longitudinal multi‐industry data on the formation of strategic alliances by a panel of firms between 1970 and 1989. The results confirm field observations that accumulated network resources arising from firm participation in the network of accumulated prior alliances are influential in firms’ decisions to enter into new alliances. This study highlights the importance of network resources that firms derive from their embeddedness in networks for explaining their strategic behavior. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
What is the relationship between niche and performance? We identify two types of niche positions—product niche and process niche—defined by the extent to which a firm offers distinctive products and has distinctive operational processes, respectively. We argue that the effect of each niche on firm performance is contingent upon network embeddedness—the extent to which a firm is involved in a network of interconnected inter‐firm relationships. Using data covering the period 1995–98 pertaining to venture capital firms and their holdings in initial public offerings (IPOs), we show that both product niche and process niche interact with network embeddedness to determine firm performance. Our findings suggest that the extent to which a firm offers distinctive products or processes will be more positively associated with firm performance when network embeddedness is high. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
The current view of network emergence is predominantly influenced by path‐dependent mechanisms where immediately preceding network structures inform current network positions. However, less explored is the ongoing sensitivity of future network positions to the composition and structure of newcomers' first partnerships. Building on the social categorization literature, we develop a model of the ongoing direct and moderating effects of newcomers' first network partnership on their status. We test our model using a panel of 272 U.S. venture capital firms from the 1980 to 2004 period and show that the reputation of newcomers' first partners exerts a positive influence on their future status (over and above intermediate network conditions). We find that this positive influence is stronger for those newcomers whose first partners formed a cohesive network. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
Peter Moran 《战略管理杂志》2005,26(12):1129-1151
This paper examines the impact of managers' social capital on managerial performance. Two dimensions of social capital are compared—the structural embeddedness (i.e., configuration) of a manager's network of work relations and the relational embeddedness (i.e., quality) of those relations. Based on a sample of 120 product and sales managers in a Fortune 100 pharmaceutical firm, this paper presents evidence indicating that both elements of social capital influence managerial performance, although in distinct ways: structural embeddedness plays a stronger role in explaining more routine, execution‐oriented tasks (managerial sales performance), whereas relational embeddedness plays a stronger role in explaining new, innovation‐oriented tasks (managerial performance in product and process innovation). This research considers resource exchanges within firms as key to value creating behaviors and contributes a deeper understanding of how social capital influences productive resource exchanges. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Building on social embeddedness theory, we examine how the competencies and resources of one corporate actor in a network are transferred to another actor that uses them to enhance transactions with a third actor—a strategic process we dub ‘network transitivity.’ Focusing on the properties of network transitivity in the context of small‐firm corporate finance, we consider how embedded relations between a firm and its banks facilitate the firm's access to distinctive capabilities that enable it to strategically manage its trade‐credit financing relationships. We apply theory and original case‐study fieldwork to explore the types of resources and competencies available through bank–firm relationships and to derive hypotheses about how embedded bank–firm relationships affect the strategy of small‐ to medium‐sized firms. Using a separate large‐scale data set, we then test the generalizability of our hypotheses. Our qualitative analyses show that embedded bank–firm ties provide special governance arrangements that facilitate the firm's access to bank‐centered informational and capital resources, which uniquely enhance the firm's ability to manage trade credit. Consistent with our arguments, our statistical analyses show that small‐ to medium‐sized firms with embedded ties to their bankers were more likely to take lucrative early‐payment trade discounts and avoid costly late‐payment penalties than were similar firms that lacked embedded ties—suggesting that social embeddedness beneficially affects the financial performance of the firm. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
医药产业集群中的风险投资优势 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨我国医药产业集群吸收风险投资的优势。方法运用规范和实证研究方法。结果论述医药行业中风险投资现状、医药产业集群在吸引风险投资方面的优势,并对医药产业集群吸引风险投资进行了建议和展望,结论应该充分发挥医药产业集群化发展在吸引风险投资方面的优势,获得更多的风险资金支持。 相似文献
20.
Recent research shows that preexisting network structure constrains the formation of new interorganizational alliances. Firms that are poorly embedded in a network structure are less likely than richly embedded firms to form alliances, because they lack informational and reputational benefits. This study examines the types of ties that poorly embedded firms can form to overcome the constraints that their structural positions impose, in turn helping to explain how firms' actions can transform existing network structures. We argue that poorly embedded firms are more likely to participate in ties characterized by social asymmetry than in ties characterized by structural homophily. We analyze the terms of trade that socially asymmetric partners negotiate for alliance governance and discuss how such alliances influence network dynamics. To test our arguments, we use longitudinal data on the alliance activities of 97 global chemical firms from 1979 to 1991. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献