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1.
长庆油田原油集输主要采用将混合液汇输到集输站,经分离脱水脱气处理后进行管输,对原油的计量主要采用含水仪配合流量计的方法。目前测量原油含水率的技术中,多存在一定的局限性,由于原油的腐蚀性较强,结垢、结蜡严重,致使仪表长期运行可靠性差,尤其是无法消除密度、含气等对含水率测量带来的影响。多品质低含气混输原油低含水率监测传感器,通过良好的技术改进,不仅解决了原油含水率的在线测量问题,而且可为油田分线计量监测节省人力、物力和财力,产生了良好的经济效益和社会效益。  相似文献   

2.
JDY系列原油含水含气分析仪是由唐山冀油东大技术开发有限公司研制专门用于测量分析原油中含水率、含气率的自动在线测量装置.该分析仪除了可测量原油含水率和含气率外,还可以同时测量温度、压力、流量、产液量、产水量、产气量、产油量等参数.它采用了先进的核物理、核电子学和计算机技术,是核、机、电一体化技术产品.该分析仪利用测量γ射线穿过原油后强度的变化来测量含水率和含气率,测量探测器不直接与原油接触,因此一次仪表不结蜡,耐腐蚀,而且γ射线和物质相互作用的机理是γ射线直接作用于介质的分子,故使γ射线穿  相似文献   

3.
射线型原油舍气、含水率自动计量系统是基于油、气、水三种不同介质对一定能量的γ射线的吸收不同。通过检测γ射线穿过油、气、水的混合物后的透射计数。经过理论计算。实现对原油舍气、含水率在线分析。工作方式为全自动在线连续测量。该计量系统设计新颖、测量准确、安全可靠、运行稳定、使用寿命长、便于操作。特则是修正了由于原油中舍气(乳化或游离)对含水率测量的影响。使该仪表在安塞油田原油计量中具有明显的优势。  相似文献   

4.
质量流量计测量不同品质含水原油的误差分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
阐述了质量流量计密度法测含水原油的基本原理及密度测量精度对原油计量精度的影响;详细描述了质量流量计的密度测量精度为0.003g/cm^3时,轻质原油,中质原油及重质原油含水率相对误差和纯油测量误差随含水率的变化规律,为选择正确的单井产量计量仪表和计量方法提供参考。  相似文献   

5.
原油含水率测量技术及其进展   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
在原油生产和储运中,原油含水率测量技术起着重要作用.介绍了目前常用的原油含水率测量方法、测量技术的发展现状,以及原油含水率测量方面的新技术、新方法,并阐述了原油含水率在线测量技术的发展趋势.  相似文献   

6.
以中转站为单元实施油、气、水生产系统分队计量,经过近几年的计量技术改造,萨南油田43个采油队先后安装中转站微机计量装置53套,直观描绘各站产液、产油、产气、含水率、油气比等生产动态曲线,采油队原油输差由15%左右降到10%以内,消除了人为控制输差而影响产量的因素,中转站微机计量装置在线实时检测对区块稳油控水工作提供了量化依据.  相似文献   

7.
长期以来,官一联合站的盘库计量采用人工检尺测量低含水原油储罐液位,流量计计量人工计算输油原油量、人工化验获取原油含水率和密度、巡检员定期记录压力和温度的方式,不仅工作量大,而且实效性差、库存和原油输送量的准确性不高.本文通过介绍自动化计量盘库和交接油技术在官一联合站的应用情况,并结合现场实际测量数据的对比分析,表明了原油自动化计量盘库和交接油系统的在线自动计量方法可以使计量的准确性得到较大的提高,进而提高了联合站自动化管理水平.  相似文献   

8.
引言 流量计是石油开采企业最常用的仪表,在油田很多生产现场所使用的流量计选型不够合理,有的存在安装错误,造成计量误差过大,还有些不能满足生产或原油交接计量的需要。很多形式的流量计都能计量原油,但选择时仅靠经验和单纯考虑购置费进行选型,可能会失去选择最适合仪表的机会。例如仪表的流量范围和实际流量不匹配,对测量要求不高的场所选用精度过高的仪表等等。由此可见正确选择和使用流量计并非易事。要正确和有效地选择原油流量计,必须考虑以下5个方面的因素,即性能要求、原油物性、安装要求、环境条件和费用。  相似文献   

9.
原油含水率是影响原油生产、运输等各个环节的一个非常重要的指标,对其进行准确测量对计量油井产量、评价油藏的开采价值和采出程度、制定开采方案等具有重要意义。本文对原油含水率测量的技术现状进行了详细分析,以期对提高原油含水率测量的技术水平能够有所借鉴。  相似文献   

10.
大港油田原油集输公司主要承担大港油田原油的输送、储存,以及采油一厂、采油四厂、采油五厂来液的原油处理、污水处理、注水掺水的供水,原油稳定任务。承担大港油田公司向中国石油大港石化公司输送原油交接计量,负责采油一厂、采油四厂、采油五厂和南部来油的交接计量以及内部原油计量输差控制等工作。外输原油含水做为原油产品的质量,原油计量输差做为量化考核指标,是企业经营的重要指标,如何控制好这两项指标.计量工作起到举足轻重的作用。  相似文献   

11.
Windows NT网络性能的分析和优化   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
利用网络监视工具对Window s NT网络进行分析,针对不同的服务器类型和不同的网络流量在CPU、内存、硬盘、网络的方向进行优化。  相似文献   

12.
Three years’ experience with this method of review has produced improvements in communications and established a framework within which scarce resources can be optimized and a five-year rolling programme pursued. The use of slip charts to monitor and progress research projects at the Electricity Council Research Centre is described.  相似文献   

13.
通过对国内外近15年中输油管道漏失监测技术的研究状况跟踪比较,简要分析了各种监测技术的监测原理和优缺点,得到各种检测方法的应用范围;并指出了输油管道漏失监测技术的发展方向。  相似文献   

14.
以我国第1个获得生物质发电CDM减排量签发的中节能宿迁项目为例,根据该项目实践经验,从CDM开发注册、运行监测到周期核证,分析讨论了CDM在生物质发电项目中的相关要点,包括CDM开发过程、内容及基准线情形分析、运行监测流程及建立CDM监测管理体系等。对于同类项目将具有参考和借鉴意义。  相似文献   

15.
A new, long, and rich panel data set consisting of all Finnish publicly traded firms is used to study how firm characteristics and stock market developments influence the adoption and targeting of stock option compensation. Stock option adoption is found to be a procyclical phenomenon. Findings from firm‐level econometric analysis often corroborate those based on U.S. data, but important differences also emerge. Findings include: (i) firms with higher market value per employee are more likely to use stock option compensation; (ii) share returns from the past year affect the adoption of targeted stock options, but not broad‐based plans; (iii) our results are consistent with the hypothesis that selective and broad‐based plans arise as solutions to differing monitoring difficulties. Broad‐based schemes are observed when production is human capital‐intensive and employee performance is hard to monitor, while selective schemes are adopted when ownership is dispersed and therefore owners may have weak incentives to monitor management.  相似文献   

16.
We explore the effects of asymmetries in capacity constraints on collusion where market demand is uncertain and where firms’ sales and prices are private information. We show that all firms can infer when at least one firm's sales are below some firm‐specific ‘trigger level.’ When firms use this public information to monitor the collusive agreement, price wars may occur on the equilibrium path. Symmetry facilitates collusion but, if price wars are sufficiently long, then the optimal collusive prices of symmetric capacity distributions are lower on average than the competitive prices of asymmetric capacity distributions. We draw conclusions for merger policy.  相似文献   

17.
Improved employee collaboration and communication can be facilitated by social technologies that extend within and beyond organisations. These social technologies have increasingly come to be represented by social media sites, which are used to extend workplace relationships across personal and professional boundaries in a hybrid role. This presents opportunities and risks as those boundaries are collapsed. Using boundary management as a theoretical lens, we evaluate the associations of relationship initiation between colleagues at different levels of organisations with employees’ strategies and their well‐being. We also investigate relationships with social media usage, age and propensity to self‐monitor and group employees using cluster analysis. We consider implications of our findings for developing more sophisticated policies, training and guidance for employees on the use of social media as a workplace tool.  相似文献   

18.
Strategic alliances are fraught with risks, such as the uncontrolled disclosure of core knowledge via opportunistic learning. The usefulness of monitoring in policing opportunism notwithstanding, a contrasting view is that monitoring mechanisms can themselves manifest the dark side of strategic alliances. The present study argues that a novel dark personality trait—the focal firm's desire for control—may influence key decisions pertaining to how to monitor strategic alliances, which in turn can negatively impact performance outcomes. Our conceptual model was developed and tested, based on a survey of 404 strategic alliances. The results demonstrate that a focal firm's desire for control is positively associated with process monitoring as well as output monitoring. The firm's use of process monitoring to oversee the counterpart drives its performance outcomes only if there is a low level of information exchange between the alliance partners; as such, information exchange norms substitute for process monitoring. By contrast, the focal firm's use of outcome monitoring is negatively linked to performance unless complemented by a high level of information exchange. Key implications for alliance management and future research are derived from the findings.  相似文献   

19.
Acknowledging that not all supplier relationships can nor should be close partnerships, this article explores the development of strategic supplier portfolios. The strategic portfolio perspective considers risks, trade-offs, and interdependencies between the firm's array of supplier relationships. Based on over 50 interviews with managers and archival data from 12 multinational companies, a strategic supplier portfolio management framework is developed. The authors explore processes that firms use to plan, implement, and monitor strategic supplier portfolios. This research indicates that by assembling superior supplier bases, developing suppliers and integrating them into product development and manufacturing, strategic supplier portfolios contribute to competitive advantage.  相似文献   

20.
徐燕  张志英 《河北工业科技》2011,28(6):372-375,402
通过运用误差传递函数来估计关键输出的变异,同时识别影响关键输出变异的关键输入变量;利用累积和控制图监控关键输出变化并对异常变化报警,以此建立关键输出的稳健性设计和监控方法,从而实现控制阶段真正保证关键输出长期满足顾客目标要求的能力.最后利用实例证明所提方法的有效性.  相似文献   

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