企业出口收汇核销10月1日起实行分类管理

为配合10月1日起即将实施的《出口收汇核销管理办法》(以下简称《办法》),日前国家外汇管理局制定发布《出口收汇核销管理办法实施细则》(以下简称《细则》),明确了对出口企业的收汇核销实行分类管理的条件、核销方式等。据国家外汇管理局有关负责人介绍,外汇局可以根据出口单位的出口收汇核销年度考核结果、国际收支申报、出口贸易方式、收汇方式等相关情况,对出口单位实行分类管理,主要采取三种核销管理方式:在保留原逐笔核销方式基础上,新增了批次核销和自动核销方式。逐笔核销是由出口单位按核销单证一一对应进行报告,外汇局按照一一对…     

烟台服协为服企搭建担保信贷平台

目前,全球金融危机对实体经济的影响仍然存在。为支持出口服企灵活运用结算方式,合理规避收汇风险,拓宽融资渠道,积极开拓国际市场,最近,烟台市服装行业协会深入全市服装出口企业进行了调研,发现大部分出口服企一般都是采用信用证结算方式,遭遇信用证陷阱的情况时有发生。     

外经贸部、外汇管理局规定出口收汇荣誉企业享受国家优惠政策

外经贸部和国家外汇管理局日前组织１９９９年度全国内资企业出口收汇考核评定工作。在被考核评定的１５７３１家企业中 ,１２６０３家被评定为“出口收汇荣誉企业” ,他们将按规定在今后的出口中享受国家的优惠政策。同时 ,也有１９６６家企业因被评为“出口收汇高风险企业”而将受到处罚。出口收汇荣誉企业将享受的优惠政策包括 :优先安排中央各项外贸基金 ;商业银行贷款利率在中国人民银行贷款利率基础上可以适当下浮 ,最大下浮幅度为１０ %;企业境外外汇收入汇回期限可以从６个月延长为１年 ,企业境外投资可免交汇回利润保证金 ;企业的…     

利用出口信用保险促进外贸出口

为充分发挥出口信用保险对外贸出口的扶持和促进作用,进一步推动外贸出口的发展,财政部、商务部日前出台了《关于利用出口信用保险积极促进企业外贸出口的通知》。《通知》要求各级商务主管部门要广泛宣传出口信用保险的作用,促使企业积极投保出口信用保险,防范收汇风险,更好地     

东莞玩具企业进行3个月监督检查

日前从东莞出入境检验检疫局获悉，该局将于2010年4月1日起至6月30日期间，对东莞地区的出口玩具企业进行为期三个月的监督检查，检查获证企业的质量管理和安全控制体系，对出口玩具企业产品进行风险等级评价。据悉，此次监督检查主要针对2010年1月1日前获得玩具出口质量许可证的503家出口玩具产品生产企业。     

“出口收汇系统”在京试运行

国家外汇管理局等部门联合发布公告称，由外汇管理部门和海关联合开发的“出口收汇系统”将在北京地区试运行。据介绍，“出口收汇系统”是中国电子口岸最先投入试点运行的子系统之一。出口企业凭本企业操作员的IC卡进入出口收汇系统，通过网络完成相关业务操作。根据国家外汇管理局发布的有关公告，自2月8日起，在京出口企业须上网申请需领用的新版核销单份数，并到国家外汇管理局领取新纸质核销单。新版纸质核销单于2月18日开始启用，全国海关从当日起对新版核销单进行电子底账数据联网核查。国家外汇管理局有关负责人表示，启用出…     

出口工业产品企业分类管理办法于8月1日实施

国家质量监督检验检疫总局公布的出口工业产品企业分类管理办法将于2009年8月1日实施。本办法对其的适用范围作了界定，同时对分类管理的概念作了规定。本办法还规定，国家质量监督检验检疫总局主管全国出口工业产品生产企业分类管理工作。关于企业分类，本办法对出口工业产品生产企业分类评定标准应当包括的要素作了规定。关于产品风险分级，本办法对出口工业产品风险等级评价标准应当包括的要素作了规定。关于检验监督管理，本办法规定，检验检疫机构按照不同的企业类别和产品风险等级分别采用特别监管、严密监管、一般监管、验证监管、信用监管五种不同检验监管方式。     

国际贸易结算方式与收汇风险研究

随着买方市场在全球贸易中逐步形成，出口商的竞争手段也呈现出多样化，其中灵活多样的支付方式已成为外贸企业增加出口竞争能力的重要手段，由此也带来了出口收汇风险的增加。本文将在分析不同的结算方式产生的收汇风险的基础上，探讨防范对策。     

AHP模型在企业技术创新项目风险评价中的应用

基于企业技术创新项目的风险研究和大量专家的意见,构建了企业技术创新项目风险评价指标体系,并运用AHP评价模型对企业技术创新项目各风险因素进行定量分析与评价,得出了各风险因素的风险等级,为决策者进行风险决策提供了科学的依据。     

调整出口收汇核销和外汇帐户管理有关问题通知

中国国家外汇管理局日前发布了《关于调整出口收汇核销和外汇帐户管理有关问题的通知》及相关实施细则，改进了现行出口收汇核销和外汇结算帐户管理有关政策，于２００１年１２月１日开始施行。据介绍，出口核销是中国经常项目外汇管理的基本制度。随着中国加入世贸组织和加快融入经济全球化，对外贸易的规模和交易主体都将大幅增长，现行逐笔核销的方式将难以与之相适应。《通知》对现行出口收汇核销监管方式进行了改进，主要内容有：一是简化出口收汇核销的手续；二是取消出口收汇核销单位的使用期限，放宽出口收汇核销单的发放数量；三是…     

Exploring the role of relationship pricing in industrial export settings: Empirical evidence from the UK

This paper sets out to shed initial empirical light on the role of relationship pricing in an industrial export context, by a) investigating the extent to which selected contextual variables shape the adoption of relationship pricing, and b) examining manifestations of relationship pricing in the process that industrial exporters use for levying their prices. Analyzing data from a stratified random sample of 243 UK exporters of industrial products, the results demonstrate that the adoption of relationship pricing is a) facilitated by the degree of an exporter's market orientation, export experience, and the level of formality in export price setting and b) hindered by firm age and export intensity. It is also shown that industrial exporting firms adopting relationship pricing tend to follow a more market-based export price decision-making process, as this is manifested in market-based export pricing information, objectives and policies. The practical implications of the findings are discussed and useful future research directions are highlighted.     

British export market selection and pricing

The existing literature favors key market concentration in exporting, but the results of a recent survey of industrial exporters in the north of England show that the key market argument is weak both on logical grounds and in empirical support. There is an alternative strategy—market spreading—supported by various company, product, market, and marketing factors. The need is for situational analysis, not general theories. This article also addresses the key issue of export pricing—the most highly rated marketing variable in exporting. It is seen that whereas many of the popular criticisms of exporters are apparently unfounded, there are some problems of policy consistency, particularly in responding to floating currencies. These are especially serious in view of the high emphasis placed on price competitiveness in exporting.     

全球管道天然气贸易节点重要性评价

因各国天然气需求增加,全球天然气贸易局势愈加复杂,本文构建全球管道天然气贸易复杂网络,从静态网络结构特征与动态网络功能维度选取多个指标,运用“熵值法”和“时序加权平均算子”构建节点国家重要性动态综合评价模型,利用2013~2019年全球管道天然气贸易数据进行实证分析。结果表明:从出口视角看,俄罗斯占据核心地位;哈萨克斯坦和挪威等靠近网络中心、出口稳定;荷兰、美国和英国起贸易枢纽作用;阿尔及利亚和加拿大等虽出口量大,但贸易关系单一。德国、法国和中国等国家,受限于能源禀赋,在进口端占据重要地位。美洲、欧洲地区管道天然气贸易流转速率和市场化程度优于中东、亚太和非洲地区。最后,本文提出了优化我国管道天然气进口的相关建议。     

出口集聚、企业相关生产能力与企业出口扩展

目前集聚效应对企业出口行为影响的研究中,集聚多是基于地理距离来刻画。本文试图将产品间的认知距离引入集聚的测度中,研究不同类型集聚对企业出口扩展边际的影响,并进一步讨论企业相关生产能力的异质性作用。本文发现,出口集聚效应和企业相关生产能力分别是企业出口多元化的外源动力和企业条件。具体来说,引入认知距离后,可以更好地区分集聚经济和集聚不经济的来源:同产品集聚和相关产品集聚均有利于促进企业出口扩展;而不相关产品集聚对企业出口扩展的影响则表现为竞争效应。进一步的研究发现,并不是所有企业都能在集聚的过程中“搭便车”,集聚发挥作用的方向和程度因企业储备的相关生产能力而异。在影响机制上,出口集聚效应通过专业劳动力共享和中间投入品共享等供给侧渠道以及目的国市场信息共享和已有出口经验等需求侧渠道来降低企业出口扩展的难度和风险。基于上述实证结果,本文认为地方政府应打造技术关联紧密、上下游产业相互依托、有核心竞争力的空间集聚形态,并创造良好的营商环境,以激发企业创新活力,提升中国对外贸易的核心竞争力。     

贸易自由化与企业内的产品质量调整

多产品出口企业是中国出口贸易的重要组成部分。在贸易自由化冲击下,该类企业如何调整其核心产品与非核心产品的生产,对于提升企业乃至整体产业的国际竞争力具有重要意义。本文在异质性企业模型基础上内生化产品质量构建理论模型,并使用中国工业企业数据和中国海关数据对模型进行实证检验。研究发现,中间产品进口关税的下降会促使多产品企业对出口产品的质量进行升级,从而提高出口产品定价,且企业的非核心产品质量提升的幅度相对更高,出口价格上升的幅度也更大,即中间品贸易自由化可以缩小多产品企业内的非核心产品和核心产品的质量和价格差距,从而优化企业内的资源配置。异质性分析发现,对于异质性商品而言,关税下降使企业出口产品质量和出口产品价格变化更大,而同质性产品的质量和价格变化则不明显。本文进行了一系列稳健性检验,结果均支持本文的基本结论。     

Does agricultural trade liberalization increase risks of supply-side uncertainty?: Effects of productivity shocks and export restrictions on welfare and food supply in Japan

Agriculture is the focus of much contention in free trade negotiations. The Japanese government is against liberalizing the rice trade on the grounds that it would threaten “national food security” in the events of such shocks as crop failure and embargoes. Trade liberalization is expected to make the Japanese economy more dependent upon food imports and, thus, more susceptible to these risks. Using a computable general equilibrium model with a Monte Carlo simulation, we quantify the welfare impacts of productivity shocks and export quotas by major rice exporters to Japan and found little evidence of Japan suffering from such shocks.     

The Positive Effect of Industrial District on the Export Performance of Italian Firms

Economies of scale in the provision of export services and informal face-to-face exchanges of information about export markets may improve export performance of small firms located in Marshallian districts (locales). This paper presents an empirical test of this hypothesis and finds that geographical agglomeration of small-medium firms in a delimited area significantly affects their export intensity and their probability of becoming exporters. The significance of geographical agglomeration persists in spite of all controls which show how the dependent variable is also (positively) affected by export subsidies, formal export cooperation among firms, cooperation in (and quality of) innovation, size and age.     

上市公司股权激励盈余管理及影响因素研究

自股权激励办法施行以来,股权激励作为一种降低代理成本的激励方式,被越来越多的上市公司所采用。然而实证发现,盈余管理会伴随股权激励发生,实行股权激励公司在业绩考核第一年存在显著的盈余管理现象,而业绩考核前一年并不存在。在影响盈余管理的因素上,公司选用考核范围更广的业绩指标能减少管理层进行盈余管理的动机,行权时长的增加会给管理层盈余管理造成一些困难,从而抑制管理层在后阶段盈余管理的行为。     

Assessing the relevance of EU SPS measures to the food export sector: Evidence from a developing agro-food exporting country

This study was undertaken to assess whether SPS measures prevailing in the European Union (EU) have had an effect on the export of fishery and horticultural products from Mauritius. Specific objectives were to assess and compare the importance of EU SPS measures as an export determinant for Mauritian fishery and horticultural products exports, to determine whether these measures have acted as a barrier to trade and lastly to describe the compliance strategy adopted by exporters using firm-level surveys and in-depth interviews with key informants. The results suggest that, most respondents considered that public and private SPS requirements were not an important export determinant in agro-food trade with the EU and were not acting as barriers to exports. The compliance strategy used by the majority of exporters was mainly reactive.     

Developing e-commerce marketing capabilities and efficiencies for enhanced performance in business-to-business export ventures

This study builds on resource based view (RBV) theory by examining the effects of e-commerce on exporting performance. Specifically, a framework is developed and tested to determine the e-commerce resources/capabilities–marketing efficiencies–performance relationship. To explore the impact of e-commerce on exporting, a two-stage methodological approach was employed. Results from 15 depth interviews with exporters were used to gain insight into types of e-commerce resources and capabilities and their impact on export marketing efficiencies and performance. Next, the framework was empirically tested using a sample of 340 exporters. The evidence shows that specialized e-commerce marketing capabilities directly increase a firm's degree of distribution and communication efficiency, which in turn leads to enhanced export venture market performance. Overall, the analyses provide support for the need to incorporate e-commerce constructs into existing RBV theory in export marketing. Theoretical and managerial contributions are discussed and directions for future research are offered.