微酸性电解水用于鲜切莲藕杀菌处理的实验研究

鲜切果蔬的微生物安全问题一直是食品安全领域的研究热点,电解水技术在食品安全上的应用日益受到重视。以鲜切莲藕为研究对象,以强酸性电解水和次氯酸钠溶液作为对照,对微酸性电解水处理鲜切莲藕的杀菌效果进行了研究。结果发现,用微酸性电解水处理鲜切莲藕,可以明显降低附着于产品上的各类微生物,增加产品的食用安全性,且微酸性电解水较之强酸性电解水有着更强的杀菌效果。通过对微酸性电解水用于鲜切莲藕的杀菌工艺优化发现,浸泡比例和浸泡时间对微酸性电解水处理鲜切莲藕的杀菌工艺有显著性影响,有效氯浓度对杀菌效果没有显著性影响。最佳工艺条件如下:有效氯质量浓度为10mg/L,浸泡比例为1∶5,浸泡时间为10min。本研究对于微酸性电解水在鲜切产品上的应用提供了一定的技术支持。     

色彩在果蔬包装设计中的应用

现代果蔬销售过程中,产品新鲜度和价格已不再是影响消费者购买的唯一因素,产品包装也起了十分重要的作用,而产品包装中色彩的运用则在所有的设计因素中占据了举足轻重的地位。本文通过对色彩的解读,分析了包装色彩与产品本身色彩之间的联系以及果蔬产品的色彩对消费者的影响,综合阐述了色彩在果蔬包装设计中的应用。     

检测高浓度甲醇在电位滴定法中的应用

本文针对现净化厂普遍利用气相色谱分析方法检测甲醇浓度,而该方法分析检测高浓度甲醇具有不可忽略的弊病。本文对该方法及其弊病进行了介绍分析总结评价。且以我厂回收后甲醇成分单一的特点,着重提出了电位滴定法。本方法采用先分析检测出产品甲醇中的水含量,再用差减法计算甲醇真实含量。该方法具有准确度高,重复性好,操作简单,成本低廉等特点。     

自动电位滴定仪在锂电池材料测试中的应用

自动电位滴定仪是通过测试滴定过程中濬液电极电位的变化,完成各种材料中化学成分分析的设备,操作简便,分析范围宽,结果精确高。锂电池材料中很多重要组分的管控值,从高含量到低含量,都可以通过电位滴定仪的测试得到精确的结果,电位滴定仪是锂电池材料类测试不可或缺的设备。     

ECLIP—5700成像在自然电位SP测量中的应用探究

ECLIP-5700成像在自然电位SP测量中,对于复杂的地层测井工作具有较强的适应能力,本文结合ECLIP-5700成像应用在自然电位SP两种测量方法的阐述,对于自然电位SP信号出现异常现象的情况下,探讨、提供了三种解决方案,有助于ECLIP-5700成像在自然电位SP测量中的有效、科学应用。     

模切压痕技术在瓦楞纸箱中的应用

本文从理论和实践上阐述了模切压痕技术在瓦楞纸箱中的应用.从产品设计、模切压痕刀具加工、排版到模切压痕操作,都进行了论述.介绍了最新排版方法和压痕模的使用.     

电化学分析法在测定水总硬度中的应用

硬度是检测水质中一项极为重要的内容,与以往应用的人工滴定法相比,电化学分析法能够有效减少人工操作中存在的误差,提高测定结果的准确性。文章以电化学分析法为主要研究对象,在对监测水质总硬度的重要性进行研究之后,着重介绍了应用电化学分析法测定水中总硬度的实验过程,并依据实验结果来对比人工和电化学分析法两种方法的优劣性。     

超临界水在化工领域中的应用

超临界技术是近几年来化工行业研究的热点。纯水在超临界状态下具有特殊的物理化学性质,可以作为很多化工过程的良好的溶剂,具有反应速度快、时间短、反应彻底、副产物少等优点,国内外在这方面的研究很多,并已部分地实现了工业化。介绍了超临界水的物理化学性质以及它在纤维素水解、废水处理和超细造粒等方面的作用。     

超声波流量计在水系统中的应用

水系统流量是企业能源消耗的重要指标之一,自然也是企业生产过程中受探重要参数之一。具备安装方便、测量可靠、易于操作等特点的超声波流量计因其优异的性能获得越来越广泛的应用。从超声波流量计的原理及性能入手,结合实际使用情况,着重阐述了超声波流量计在水系统流量测量中的应用情况。     

地理信息系统在谢一矿煤层底板突水预测中的应用

对矿井充水条件进行分析,选用多源信息复合法,结合地理信息系统专业软件ArcView对矿井底板突水进行预测,得出淮南矿区开采危险程度分区图,从而在有限的观测孔情况下,预测底板突水可能性大小.     

农产品中农药残留化学降解方法研究进展

农药的大量使用,对环境和农产品造成的污染不可忽视,农产品中的农药残留问题是食品安全领域的研究热点。在诸多降解农药残留的方法中,化学降解方法受到研究者更多的关注。综述了几种化学降解农产品农药残留的典型方法,包括臭氧降解、过氧化氢降解和光催化降解的最新研究进展。对于油菜素内酯降解法和电生功能水降解法这2种新型降解农产品农药残留的方法也进行了重点介绍。     

Adherence to WHO’s nutrition recommendations in the UK: Dietary patterns and policy implications from a national survey

Analysis of dietary patterns has largely focused on their association with diseases or risk factors, but limited research has been conducted on the heterogeneity of population dietary patterns and their adherence to international or national nutritional guidelines. As a result, the aim of this study is to identify latent dietary patterns of UK residents and to assess how well different segments comply with WHO dietary norms.To achieve this objective, the UK’s National Diet and Nutrition Surveys for 2011–12 dataset was analysed performing a latent class analysis on energy (kcals) derived from selected food groups. To assess adherence to different dietary patterns of the British population to nutritional guidelines, a traffic light system and a composite conformity index were developed to establish how well the identified segments comply with current dietary WHO norms regarding salt, free sugars, total fat, saturated fat, fruit and vegetables and dietary fibre.Results show four different segments which on the basis of heterogeneity of dietary patterns were named ‘high sugar/high fat consumers’, ‘prudent eaters’, ‘high fat consumers’ and ‘junk food eaters’. These segments show significant differences within and between groups in terms of dietary calories intakes and their adherence to WHO norms. Although ‘prudent eaters’ are closer to WHO dietary guidelines than other segments, none of the identified segments fully comply with dietary WHO norms. Policy implications of these findings are fully discussed in the conclusions arguing how current, future and potential dietary demand and supply measures affect consumers’ compliance with WHO norms.     

Fruit and vegetable access to EU markets: Dissecting tariffs faced by Mediterranean countries

This paper analyzes the access of Eastern and Southern Mediterranean countries to the EU fruit and vegetables market and provides a measure of the level of preferences from which they benefit. To take into account the complexity of EU protection in the F&V sector, in particular the seasonality of protection and the Entry Price System, we conducted our analysis at a very disaggregated level (eight digits of the nomenclature, monthly data). We showed that, on average, Mediterranean countries do have significant preferences compared to other countries exporting to the EU. However, the magnitude of the preferences differs among countries; Morocco has the highest preference, while Syria and Israel have the lowest. We simulated a multilateral reduction in the MFN tariffs (as planned in the Doha Round) and showed that this would reduce the heterogeneity within the zone by more strongly eroding the preferences of the most advantaged countries. The classification of Entry Price products as sensitive products would either benefit or have no effect on most Mediterranean countries.     

Marketing cooperative vs. commission agent: The Turkish dilemma on the modern fresh fruit and vegetable market

In Turkey, the Wholesale Markets Law was enacted in 1995 to facilitate small-scale growers’ access to the fresh produce market. Cooperatives and commission agents have thus become the main marketing structures available to small-scale fresh produce growers, to supply supermarkets and comply with their new requirements. In this paper, we question the advantages and disadvantages that confront small farmers with respect to those marketing structures to allow for market matching or quality upgrading. Drawing on ownership and transaction cost arguments, we use an analytical framework to identify and compare the costs of these marketing organizations. Based on data collected through a large number of interviews with stakeholders, we show that commission agents and credit cooperatives tend to be more efficient than traditional cooperatives as regards sales performance and decision costs. However, the lack of apparent competition between commission agents does not allow for sufficient provision of incentives for producers to invest in high-quality production. Consequently, credit cooperatives are the only structure progressively turning to strategies of quality upgrading and supermarket supply. The flipside of such strategies is that they may lead to the marginalization of small-scale farmers.     

The EU entry price system for fresh fruits and vegetables – Paper tiger or powerful market barrier?

The EU protects EU growers of 15 kinds of fresh fruits and vegetables against international competition by the entry price system (EPS), which is designed to restrict imports below the product-specific, politically designated entry price level. This study investigates the relevance of the EPS per product and country of origin. We develop two indicators for the effectiveness of the EPS, which serve as variables in a cluster analysis identifying four classes differing in the relevance of the EPS. The relevance of the EPS is found to be heterogeneous among products as well as countries of origin. It is highest for artichokes, courgettes, cucumbers, lemons, plums and tomatoes. The influence of the EPS on apples, clementines and pears is significantly lower, and of least relevance for apricots, mandarins, oranges, peaches and nectarines and table grapes. The EPS has the greatest effect on countries which neighbour the EU, whereas it is of minor importance for exports from far-away countries with the exception of China and South Africa.     

Does food retail access moderate the impact of fruit and vegetable incentives for SNAP participants? Evidence from western Massachusetts

ObjectivesThis study investigates whether the response of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants to a 30% incentive on fruit and vegetable spending varies with their access to food retailers.MethodsThe analysis exploits the random assignment of SNAP households in Hampden County, MA, to an intervention group that earned the incentive. Regression models for the impact of the incentive are augmented with measures of food retail access and interactions of random assignment status with food retail access. The main outcome—use of the SNAP benefit—is based on Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) card transaction records.ResultsAlthough households that lived within a mile of a participating supermarket spent approximately $2.13 or 19% more per month on targeted fruits and vegetables at participating supermarkets than households that did not live within a mile of a participating supermarket, we found no evidence that the impact of the incentive on SNAP fruit and vegetable spending varies with distance to retailers.ConclusionsThese findings imply that incentives to purchase fruits and vegetables were equally efficacious for SNAP households with high and low access to food retailers.     

瞬变电磁法在矿井防治水中的应用

本文主要阐述了瞬变电磁法(TEM)在探测神华乌海能源有限责任公司老石旦煤矿采空区积水中的应用,利用对含水体敏感、分辨率高的瞬变电磁法,根据该地区物性地质条件,探测测区内采空区积水范围及煤系地层的含水情况,为矿井防治水工作的合理实施提供参考依据。     

告成煤矿水文地质特征分析及防治水措施

分析了告成煤矿的矿井充水水源等水文地质特征,针对性地提出了矿井防治水措施。针对顶板水治理的主要措施以疏排为主,对底板水的治理主要是进行注浆加固,将底板由含水层、导水层改造为相对隔水层。