建筑业技术创新组织形式研究

建筑业是我国经济的重要组成部分,建筑业技术创新对于建筑业的发展有着至关重要的作用.通过分析建筑业技术创新组织的形式、特点和存在的问题,提出建筑业技术创新组织发展的新形式.     

技术创新与建筑企业的关系

从建筑业可持续发展角度出发，分析我国建筑业的现状以及建筑企业所面临的问题，并论述了技术创新的重要性以及与建筑企业的关系。     

技术创新与标准化协同对我国制造业价值链内升级影响的实证研究——以七个细分产业为例

本文基于技术创新与标准化协同对产业价值链内升级的作用机理分析,通过构建VAR模型,运 用ADF平稳性检验、Johansen协整检验、Granger因果关系检验、脉冲响应和方差分解等方法 检验了技术创新与标准化协同对我国制造业价值链内升级产生的影响。研究表明,技术创新 与标准化协同与我国制造业价值链内升级存在单向因果关系,且与产业产值规模、技术创新 、标准化的单一作用相比具有更为显著的促进效应。据上述研究结论,基于技术创新与标准 化协同的视角从标准的专利嵌入、专利与标准的捆绑以及专利与标准的融合3个方面提出了 驱动我国制造业价值链内升级的可行性建议。     

建筑企业技术创新与技术联盟建设研究

介绍了我国建筑企业技术创新的特征,分析了制约我国建筑企业技术创新的因素。指出通过构建建筑企业技术联盟可以提升建筑业的技术创新能力,这是降低建筑企业的技术创新成本和增强我国建筑企业的技术竞争力的重要途径之一。     

建筑业向现代化发展的几点思考

基于2008年初对全国主要建筑业企业和地方协会的调研工作，对我国建筑业向现代化发展中存在的问题进行了分析，并提出了相应的解决对策。包括依靠法制发展建筑业、调整建筑产业结构、改变建筑业整体利润水平低的局面、严格规范建筑市场实现互利共赢、建筑质量与安全要坚持以人为本、提高建筑业的整体素质和工资待遇、加大投入促进建筑业的科技进步、大力开展建筑节能和绿色施工、实践科学发展观统筹协调全面发展现代建筑业等。     

波特假说框架下环境规制对企业技术创新路径及动态演化的影响

文章基于波特假说从理论推导视角研究环境规制作用下的企业技术创新路径及动态演化过程。（1） 基于经济学的供给和需求理论， 阐释环境规制对企业创新价值的提升作用， 打破了边际效用递减和边际成本递增的传统规律； 结合环境规制对需求和供给的影响， 重塑技术创新的供给和需求曲线，运用均衡模型求解企业的最优供给量， 结合供给和需求曲线的位移变化， 研究环境规制下企业技术创新的动态演化路径； （2） 分析了包括企业技术开发和技术转化两阶段的技术创新动态价值链整合， 研究企业绿色工艺创新和绿色产品创新相结合的技术创新动态模式； （3） 从演化经济学的视角， 探讨了政府环境规制、企业技术创新和公众环保监督的混合策略均衡动态演化博弈过程。     

基于经济学视角的企业技术创新行为均衡分析与思考

本文从经济学视角,尝试界定了企业技术创新的概念,分析了技术创新的价值根源,创造性地提出了企业技术创新行为的均衡分析方法,最后是对技术创新的几点启示。     

企业社会资本与技术创新：基于吸收能力的实证研究

本文针对我国企业社会资本影响技术创新的机制问题展开分析,从企业社会资本的特征维度出发,引入吸收能力的视角,提出了基于吸收能力的企业社会资本与技术创新绩效的概念模型。在问卷调查的基础上,通过多元线性回归分析和结构方程模型分析,对我国企业社会资本如何影响技术创新的问题进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,在不考虑吸收能力作用的情况下,企业社会资本的结构、关系和认知等三个维度的水平对于我国企业技术创新绩效的提升均具有积极显著的作用;企业社会资本三个特征维度的水平通过提高吸收能力进而正向影响技术创新绩效;其中,认知维度在结构维度和关系维度发挥效应中承担中介变量的作用。为提高企业技术创新绩效,建议以知识的获取和利用为导向,注重企业社会资本三个维度水平的均衡提高。     

炼油和石油化工催化技术创新的探讨

炼油和石油化工催化技术创新的探讨闵恩泽党的十四大和八届人大一次会议提出要振兴机械电子、石油化工、汽车制造和建筑业，使它们成为国民经济的支柱产业。这是党和国家对石化工业寄予的厚望。我国石化工业面临的加速发展的大好形势，为石化科研工作提出了光荣而艰巨的任...     

国际建筑业的技术创新

科技进步与创新是推动经济和社会发展的重要因素。随着世界科学技术的突飞猛进和中国加入WTO,我们有必要研究当前国际建筑业技术创新的新思路新途径,这对于中国建筑业的发展无疑是大有益处的。通过研究,以便确立和实施我国建筑业技术创新的发展战略,推动我国建筑业科技进步与创新,并在日益国际化的建筑业市场站稳脚跟,求得发展。 美国:推动“创新企业群”,鼓励建筑业企业使用电子商务     

论面向建筑产品的技术扩散

从建筑产品生产全过程的视角，提出了面向建筑产品的技术创新和技术扩散，探讨了面向建筑产品的技术扩散的三种形式。在借鉴国外学对参与技术扩散的角色研究的基础上，分析了影响面向建筑产品技术扩散的主要因素。     

碳税政策对我国工业企业技术创新行为的政策绩效研究

本文以碳税政策对我国工业企业技术创新行为和创新绩效问题为研究对象，分别研究了碳税政策对工业企业研发投入、研发创新模式选择以及研发创新绩效的影响，进而分析了我国工业企业技术创新能力的收敛性。通过研究发现，碳税政策的实施有助于激励工业企业技术创新的自主性，也有利于企业创新绩效的实现。提出我国在碳税政策设计和实践中应坚持建立激励与约束相容的碳税政策、促进碳税征收与碳排放交易协同、匹配碳税征收行政管理体系建设以及利用碳税发起设置低碳产业基金等政策实施路径。     

依托技术创新推动潍坊市纺织业的发展

潍坊市纺织业的技术创新体系尚处于探索阶段,在技术创新过程中仍有许多突出的问题制约着这一活动的开展。本文正是以此为出发点,通过对潍坊市纺织业技术创新存在的问题进行分析,探寻实现技术创新健康发展的对策。     

The Impact of Local Demand on Innovation in a Global Industry

Localization of knowledge flows has been extensively examined in the literature on innovation. However, almost all previous research has focused on technological knowledge. This study examines why knowledge of demand can also be tacit and localized. We provide a detailed empirical study of the global pharmaceutical industry and find not only that demand is as important as technological knowledge in determining the pattern of innovation in this industry but also that innovation is a locally determined phenomenon. These findings contribute to research regarding determinants of innovations and provide an explanation for geographic patterns of innovation that is distinct from technological knowledge spillovers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

面向“一带一路”战略的航空产业技术进步研究

“一带一路”战略给我国航空业带来更大的发展机遇，作为基础设施重要组成部分的航空相关项目建设将坐实“稳增长”重要支柱的地位。本文运用基于数据包络（DEA）的曼奎斯特（Malmquist）生产率指数方法对我国31个省的航空产业全要素生产率进行实证研究，并分区域比较了航空产业的技术进步与技术效率变动趋势。文章认为在“一带一路”战略的背景下，我国航空产业将加速融入国际社会，航空产品研发能力、系统综合集成能力和数字化生产能力可以得到大幅提升，进而为“一带一路”战略中的国际合作奠定坚实基础。这一良性循环有利于提高自主创新能力，提升航空业的技术进步水平。     

The effect of the dynamics of knowledge base complexity on Schumpeterian patterns of innovation: the upstream petroleum industry

This article analyzes important changes in technological innovation in the upstream petroleum industry. It provides evidence that shifts in sectoral patterns of innovation over the petroleum industry's lifecycle from the 1970s up to 2005 were dependent on the dynamics of knowledge base complexity (KBC), a key dimension of an industry's technological regime. Accordingly, observed shifts in innovation patterns are understood to be the aggregated strategic response of industry innovators to changes in the technological regime. The article proposes a quantitative method for exploring KBC and Schumpeterian patterns of innovation, and interactions between the two at the industry level. As the industry evolved, its knowledge base moved to higher orders of complexity creating a shift in the Schumpeterian pattern of innovation. Increased KBC was found to alter Schumpeterian patterns from Mark I toward a ‘modified’ Mark II. Instead of coming predominantly from ‘traditional’ established oil operators, technological innovation was increasingly triggered by a new class of emergent integrated service companies – ‘second tier’ systems integrators of the upstream sector able to cope with increased KBC.     

Explorative search for a high‐impact innovation: the role of technological status in the global pharmaceutical industry

Extant studies suggest that the potential benefits arising from exploration are associated with access to diverse and distant knowledge across organizational and technological boundaries. However, exploration is not sufficient to assure if innovation actually occurs. Our study identifies exploration into two types, organizational and technological, and argues that the innovative effect of a firm's explorative search beyond organizational and technological boundaries is best leveraged by its technological status in an industry. Data derived from the global pharmaceutical industry indicate that a firm's search across organizational boundaries has a positive effect on its innovation impact, and such effect is strengthened when the firm is high in its technological status. However, the firm's search moving beyond its technological boundary increases innovation impact only for the group of high technological status but decreases it for the low‐status group. It appears that, in the global pharmaceutical industry, a firm's technological status is most critical to exploit knowledge from distant technology domains.     

Cooperative Innovation Projects: Capabilities and Governance Mechanisms*

This paper is concerned with how firms in a project‐based industry cooperate in technological innovation projects in the construction industry. The main focus of the paper is on the sharing of capabilities in cooperative innovation projects and how these cooperations are governed. A knowledge‐based perspective is applied, and four cooperative innovation projects in the construction industry are compared. Based on the case studies, a set of propositions is defined. First, a cooperation aimed at a mutual strategic benefit in mutually gaining access to the knowledge bases of the involved firms, while maintaining their own differentiated knowledge base, can result in more stable and long term relationships with mutual trust between the cooperating firms. Second, in a cooperation aimed at a mutual strategic benefit in mutually gaining access to the knowledge bases of the involved firms, partners not only gain access to each other's technological capabilities but also develop and share knowledge about organizational aspects and market situations and gain knowledge about the way of working of the partner firm. Third, in a cooperation aimed at mutual strategic benefit in mutually gaining access to the knowledge bases of the involved firms, noncodifiability of the capabilities is conditional to create a win–win situation. And fourth, cooperation aimed at a mutual strategic benefit in mutually gaining access to the knowledge bases of the involved firms is based on mutual competence and intentional trust as its main governance mechanism, whereas contracting between market parties aimed at knowledge–output transactions is represented by limited trust and arms' length (contractual) relationships as its main governance mechanism.     

Learning Capability,Technological Parity,and Innovation Mode Use*

The purpose of this research was to examine whether a firm's learning capability interacts with industry technological parity to predict innovation mode use. Learning capability is conceptualized in the current research as a firm's ability to develop or acquire the new knowledge‐based resources and skills needed to offer new products. Industry technological parity is conceptualized as the extent to which similarity and equality exist among the technological competencies of the firms in an industry. Three generic modes of innovation are considered: internal, cooperative, and external innovation. These modes reflect the development of new products based solely on internal resources, the collaborative development of new products (i.e., with one or more development partners), and the acquisition of fully developed products from external sources, respectively. The premises of this research are that (1) technological parity can create incentives or disincentives for innovating in a particular mode, depending upon the value of external innovative resources relative to the value of internal innovative resources and (2) firms will choose innovation modes that reflect a combination of their abilities and incentives to innovate alone, with others, or through others. Survey research and secondary sources were used to collect data from 119 high‐technology firms. Results indicate that firms exhibit greater use of internal and external innovation when high levels of industry technological parity are matched by high levels of firm learning capability. By contrast, a negative relationship between learning capability and industry technological parity is associated with greater use of the cooperative mode of innovation. Thus, a single, common internal capability—learning capability—interacts with the level of technological parity in the environment to significantly predict three distinct innovation modes—modes that are not inherently dependent upon one another. As such, a firm's internal ability to innovate, as reflected in learning capability, has relevance well beyond that firm's likely internal innovation output. It also predicts the firm's likely use of cooperative and external innovation when considered in light of the level of industry technological parity. A practical implication of these findings is that companies with modest learning capabilities are not inherently precluded from innovating. Rather, they can innovate through modes for which conditions in their current environments do not constitute significant obstacles to innovation output. In particular, modest learning capabilities are associated with higher innovative output in the internal, cooperative, and external modes when industry technological parity levels are low, high, and low, respectively. Conversely, strong learning capabilities tend to be associated with higher innovative output in the internal, cooperative, and external modes when industry technological parity levels are high, low, and high, respectively.     

中国制造业最优环境规制强度的选择——基于绿色全要素生产率的视角

按照污染排放强度,本文将中国28个制造业部门分为重度污染产业、中度污染产业和轻度污染产业三大类,在测算1999—2009年三大产业部门环境规制强度和绿色全要素生产率的基础上,利用面板数据模型对环境规制与绿色全要素生产率的关系进行检验,力图从促进生产率的角度找出不同产业最优环境规制强度的拐点。研究结果表明:重度污染产业当前环境规制强度相对合理,能够促进产业绿色全要素生产率提高、技术创新和效率改进;中度污染产业环境规制强度较弱,环境规制与绿色全要素生产率、技术创新和技术效率的关系呈"U"型,相对于生产率和技术创新而言技术效率可以更早地突破"U"型拐点;轻度污染产业环境规制强度与三者的关系也呈"U"型,相对于生产率和技术效率而言,技术创新能够更早突破"U"型拐点。在制定适当的环境规制强度同时,政府应推进环境规制政策从控制型向激励型转变,诱导企业进行技术创新,实现环境和经济发展的双赢。