关系网络、跨组织知识整合与 组织创新绩效的关系实证研究

本文分析了跨组织知识整合的内涵和要素结构,将跨组织知识整合划分为外部知识捕获、内外知识交融和新知识应用3个环节,建立了关系网络、跨组织知识整合和组织创新绩效之间的理论模型,并以229家企业为对象运用结构方程模型进行实证研究,并得出结论,外部关系网络对外部知识捕获有正向影响,内部关系网络对外部知识捕获、内外知识交融和新知识应用均有正向影响,内部关系网络对组织创新绩效有正向影响,跨组织知识整合在内部关系网络与组织创新绩效间起着中介作用,为企业通过外部和内部关系网络提升跨组织知识整合能力,进而提升组织创新绩效提供理论基础和实践参考。     

跨组织资源与企业合作:基于关系的视角

本文针对企业资产专用性风险与垂直一体化分解之间的矛盾，提出应当用跨组织资源来探讨企业之间合作的本质。这种资源依赖于企业合作中的网络关系．并随着关系的不同而体现出不同的性质。基于跨组织资源，我们对企业合作中的个体行为与群体行为进行了分析。本文认为，跨组织资源化解了资产专用性风险与一体化分解之间的矛盾．并推动了企业间合作的实现。本文提出，跨组织资源是在特定的机制与环境中创造租金的，同时对组织环境也产生着重要的影响．因而跨组织资源与其所嵌入的企业合作网络之间是一种互构的关系。     

关系网络、跨组织知识整合与组织创新绩效的关系实证研究

本文分析了跨组织知识整合的内涵和要素结构,将跨组织知识整合划分为外部知识捕获、内外知识交融和新知识应用3个环节,建立了关系网络、跨组织知识整合和组织创新绩效之间的理论模型,并以229家企业为对象运用结构方程模型进行实证研究,并得出结论,外部关系网络对外部知识捕获有正向影响,内部关系网络对外部知识捕获、内外知识交融和新知识应用均有正向影响,内部关系网络对组织创新绩效有正向影响,跨组织知识整合在内部关系网络与组织创新绩效间起着中介作用,为企业通过外部和内部关系网络提升跨组织知识整合能力,进而提升组织创新绩效提供理论基础和实践参考.     

一种新的组织信息系统并行开发方法的研究

当今信息技术飞速发展,对组织信息系统的开发提出了更高的要求,笔者通过对组织信息系统概念的扩展和对信息过程和业务过程之间关系新的理解,提出了将软件信息系统开发和组织业务系统设计并行实施的方法,用来解决当前软件信息系统与组织业务系统开发过程中面临的同步协调发展的难题。     

网络嵌入性与技术创新间关系实证研究

文献表明,有关网络嵌入性作用的研究得出了不同的、甚至截然相反的结论,本文对这一现象进行揭示,建立了网络嵌入性———跨组织学习———两类技术创新之间的关系模型。运用实证研究方法,发现了网络嵌入性、跨组织学习以及技术创新等变量之间的内在联系。研究结果表明嵌入性通过跨组织学习对技术创新结果的确有显著影响;现有研究结论的不尽统一,是因为没有对技术创新等变量进行分类而形成,本文用分类研究的方法,将涉及的变量细分为关系嵌入性、结构嵌入性、渐进性技术创新与突破性技术创新等,实证研究后发现,不同的网络嵌入性特征具有不同作用途径并会产生不同的结果。     

管理学百年演进与创新:组织间关系的视角

本文以组织间关系为视角探讨管理学近百年来的演进脉络与发展创新,认为管理的对象即以人为主体的岗位、部门、组织各层面由组织内部向组织外部外溢,并使管理形式呈现出点—点、点—链、点—网,以及多形式网络关系的跨层次特征。组织间关系管理手段在演进过程中形成了包括关系识别、构建、维持和优化的协调系统,并且,管理内容、知识资源共享互动问题日益突显和受到关注。在分析管理学演进与创新的基础上,本文构建了组织间关系管理的理论模型,并对模型构成要素进行了阐述。     

组织智力资本与组织创新氛围对员工创造力影响的跨层次研究

以往对组织智力资本的研究多集中在组织层面，很少有研究涉及其对员工创造力的作用。本文研究了组织智力资本与组织创新氛围对员工创造力跨层次的影响。本文通过领导与员工配对的方式，共获得了367份有效问卷，在对构建模型检验的基础上，得出如下结论：组织智力资本对员工创造力有正向的影响；组织创新氛围调节着组织智力资本与员工创造力之间的关系，其中对人力资本与员工创造力之间关系的调节最敏感，社会资本次之，组织资本最不敏感；员工创造力自我效能感知在组织智力资本与员工创造力之间都起到部分中介作用。     

财务信息化建设助力提升企业管理水平

<正>一般来说,财务信息化系统包括会计事务处理信息系统、财务管理信息系统、财务决策支持系统、财务经理信息系统以及组织互连信息系统五个部分,代表了企业财务信息化程度的不同层级,企业需要根据各自不同的实际情况选择与之相匹配的层级。华菱安赛乐米塔尔汽车板有限公司目前的财务信息化系统以SAP软件为核心系统,向外扩展对接多个外延业务系统,以达到集成业务信息与财务信息的目的。本文以华菱安赛乐米塔尔汽车板有限     

大型煤炭企业跨区域销售管控模式研究

随着国家大力推进煤炭资源整合,形成了许多跨区域管理经营的大型煤炭企业,现有的销售管理模式已经不能满足大型煤炭企业跨区域销售管理工作的需要。综合分析了煤炭企业现有的3种销售管控模式的优缺点和应用于跨区域销售管控存在的问题,提出了融合信息化技术的煤炭销售集中管控模式,并从5个方面阐述了此种管控模式的优势。     

跨区域群体投资模式研究

20世纪90年代以来，产生了以动态联盟为特征的新的企业组织形式，一件产品的生产被分割为不同的企业生产，一件产品的竞争力实质体现了整条供应链上各个环节的整体竞争力。供应链群体企业之间是一种共生关系，面临激烈的市场竞争，一方面分布在不同地区的供应链群体企业要求跨区域走向集中发展，以降低远距离的交易成本，另一方面当产业集群出现集聚不经济时，这些利益共同体也需要向某一地区进行跨区域群体投资，本文试图从供应链竞争的理论依据和产业集群发展的角度，研究并提出了企业跨区域投资的三种模式：①众星捧月式的群体投资模式；②以价值链为主导联结的群体投资模式；③以生产要素共享为主导联结的群体投资模式。     

Measuring inter-organizational trust—a critical review of the empirical research in 1990-2003

This study reviews empirical research on inter-organizational trust. Since the early 1990s, researchers on inter-organizational relationships have consistently argued that mutual trust is an essential factor of relationship quality and performance. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the advancements and setbacks in current empirical research in terms of measuring inter-organizational trust. This paper analyzes the theoretical approach, the conceptualization and operationalization, and the measurement issues covered in studies on inter-organizational trust conducted from 1990 to 2003. Although trust has emerged as an important factor in inter-organizational relationships, there are still major conceptual and methodological challenges to be met in studying this complex concept. The results show major inconsistencies in conceptualization, operationalization, and measurement of trust. The paper concludes with suggestions for further empirical research.     

Effects of inter-organizational compatibility on supply chain capabilities: Exploring the mediating role of inter-organizational information systems (IOIS) integration

Growing globalization and environmental uncertainty have increased the challenges managers face in delivering services or products to the customer. Integration of information systems across partnering organizations has become the backbone of supply chain management, as amalgamation facilitates the sharing of information required to enhance organizational flexibility and responsiveness while minimizing risk and inventory costs. Using data from the Australian retailing sectors, this study investigates the mediating role of inter-organizational information system (IOIS) integration on the relationships between inter-organizational compatibility and supply chain capabilities. The results indicate that inter-organizational compatibility of technical, strategic, and cultural inter-organizational dimensions facilitate IOIS integration and supply chain capabilities. To maximize benefits for all chain members, IOIS integration needs to be embedded in the strategies and goals of partnering organizations. Business-to-business and industrial marketing managers need to be aware that IOIS integration processes require support of top managers of the partnering organizations and should be embedded in the organizations' strategic goals.     

A qualitative study of inter-organizational knowledge management in complex products and systems development

Much research has recognized that cross-disciplinary knowledge inputs are necessary to successful product innovation, particularly in complex products and systems (CoPS) development. This paper focuses on developing an exploratory framework for studying how an inter-organizational knowledge management (KM) approach affects the development of CoPS, and exploring how inter-organizational collaboration affects KM within a CoPS context. Based on a review of the literature and in-depth case studies, this paper puts forward some propositions and develops an integrated conceptual model showing the link between the dimensions of inter-organizational KM and the performance of CoPS development. Finally, the implications of the proposed model for inter-organizational KM in a CoPS environment are discussed.     

Boundary spanner relational behavior and inter-organizational control in supply chain relationships

Boundary spanner relational behavior is considered critical in the successful management of buyer–supplier relationships and may help avoiding high costs of more formal inter-organizational controls. Yet, the influence of partners' boundary spanners on effective supply chain collaboration has had much less inquiry than the influence of broader inter-organizational controls. We use survey data of 200 buyer–supplier relationships to examine how these individual and organizational control mechanisms influence the performance effects of interfirm collaborations that vary in scope of activities undertaken. Findings show that collaboration scope as well as boundary spanner relational behavior and inter-organizational controls are positively associated with performance. The effect of collaboration scope on firm performance, however, also depends on both mechanisms but in opposite directions: while its influence on performance is enhanced by inter-organizational controls, relational behavior of partners' boundary spanners has a negative moderating effect, indicating that such behavior contributes more to the effective management of collaborations of narrow scope than those of broader scope.     

Paradigms of derived exchange value effects in market network

Customer consumption value ultimately derives from enterprise production the consumption benefits which originating from inter-organizational cooperation as well as the transferred and accumulated exchange value of the enterprise with external organizations. This study plans to clarify the effect of the derived exchange relationship on enterprise exchange value, and also to identify the network models of different derived effect relationships. An analysis of the Taiwanese public health system revealed both positive and negative exchange value effects that impacted relationships among actors in the overall health system. Four generic models were presented by analyzing the qualitative data from phenomenon of different types of inter-organizational exchange behaviors, and other more complex models deduced from four generic models were also proposed.     

Conceptualizing inter-organizational triads

Interest in triads and triadic research settings for the study of inter-organizational issues is growing. A literature review of inter-organizational studies, claiming a use of triadic research design, shows that the terms “triad” and “triadic” have been used to describe many different types of inter-organizational phenomena. However, not all studies involving a context of three actors are actually examining triads. This paper offers a robust definition of three-actor constellations qualifying as triads. Moreover, it elaborates on different types of inter-organizational triads, based on two aspects of collectivity; cohesion and the ability to act as a single entity. The definition of inter-organizational triads and the categorization of different types of triads will hopefully encourage further studies of triads; the smallest and simplest network which offers insights, which cannot be achieved in the study of single actors or dyads.     

Inter-organizational collaborations for social innovation and social value creation: Towards the development of new research agenda and theoretical perspectives

The intensifying poverty and poorer living conditions, the need for greater social welfare along with ongoing damages to the natural environment in several contexts of the world have proved the increasing importance of social innovation for creating positive social and environmental change. This special issue addresses to the limitations in social innovation literature by providing insights into the role of inter-organizational collaborations in the process, practice and outcome of social innovation. Thus, the papers published in this special issue advance current knowledge and scholarship on different aspects of the social innovation phenomena occurring in inter-organizational contexts. The current paper reviews existing perspectives and studies on social innovation undertaken inter-organizational contexts, develops the future agenda for improving scholarship on social innovation occurring through inter-organizational collaborations, and provides the development of new theoretical ideas by focusing on some key studies in the literature and papers published in this special issue. With a focus on subsistence contexts that are characterized by limiting institutional environments, this paper identifies the types of partnerships that are being formed by social enterprises and individual social entrepreneurs, and how they may facilitate and foster social innovation practice and performance through social value creation.     

组织间关系的拓展与演进：基于组织间知识互动的研究

知识经济时代,产品竞争力更多来自于知识层面,知识整合成为组织最为重要的能力。本文从产品知识基础的复杂性出发．根据其与组织知识领域的关系以及组织间知识的互补性划分出组织间知识互动方式。在此基础上．本文不仅对知识利用中的单向交流与双向交流的组织间关系进行阐释．还提出了基于组织间共同进行知识开发的组织间关系进行了探索性的研究,从而将组织间关系的市场与科层的二维平面拓展到由科层、市场以及共同体构成的三维空间,并由此构成了组织间关系的组合。最后．本文结合日本相机制造业的发展对组织间关系组合的演进进行了分析．进一步论证了本文的观点。