社会资本与企业债务融资

本文从社会组织数量、社会参与及社会信用三个维度对中国各地区的社会资本发展状况进行度量,而后探索性地研究了社会资本对企业负债融资结构的作用。我们的研究发现:在社会资本发展较好的地区,企业更容易获得负债、长期负债,而且企业可以使用较少的抵押物获得债务融资。本文的贡献在于:一方面从微观层面验证了社会资本作为一种非正式社会制度的经济价值,另一方面也对理解企业的资本结构选择提供了一种新视角。     

企业社会资本与技术创新：基于吸收能力的实证研究

本文针对我国企业社会资本影响技术创新的机制问题展开分析,从企业社会资本的特征维度出发,引入吸收能力的视角,提出了基于吸收能力的企业社会资本与技术创新绩效的概念模型。在问卷调查的基础上,通过多元线性回归分析和结构方程模型分析,对我国企业社会资本如何影响技术创新的问题进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,在不考虑吸收能力作用的情况下,企业社会资本的结构、关系和认知等三个维度的水平对于我国企业技术创新绩效的提升均具有积极显著的作用;企业社会资本三个特征维度的水平通过提高吸收能力进而正向影响技术创新绩效;其中,认知维度在结构维度和关系维度发挥效应中承担中介变量的作用。为提高企业技术创新绩效,建议以知识的获取和利用为导向,注重企业社会资本三个维度水平的均衡提高。     

经济发展视角的社会资本研究述评

经济学有关社会资本的研究主要关注社会资本与经济发展的关系问题。现有研究忽视了对社会资本问题在经济学研究中兴起背景的考察,缺乏对相关文献系统和深入的梳理。虽然理论界对社会资本的概念和类型尚未形成共识,但是社会资本在经济发展中的作用得到了理论界的认可：在宏观层面,较高的社会资本存量对促进宏观经济增长有积极作用,并有助于解决集体行动问题和提高贫困地区公共资源配置的效率。在微观层面,社会资本与人力资本的投资和收益存在相关联系,此外可以通过降低信贷市场上的逆向选择和道德风险促进金融的发展。同时．社会资本也存在定义模糊和难以测度的理论困境。其非均衡分布还可能造成资源垄断和市场分割。而缺乏普遍性的信任还会阻碍经济的发展。     

企业的社会资本对技术创新的影响

本文在阅读相关文献的基础上,从一个崭新的角度即知识创造的角度来研究企业社会资本对技术创新的影响作用,构建了企业社会资本通过正向作用于知识创造而促进技术创新能力提升的概念模型,并将企业社会资本分为企业内部社会资本与企业外部社会资本两部分,着重分析了知识创造在企业社会资本与技术创新关系中的作用。     

政府质量、社会资本与金字塔结构

本文以金字塔结构形成机理为研究对象,从金字塔结构融资优势理论的视角,检验了我国地方政府质量和社会资本对家族上市公司金字塔结构的影响,实证研究发现:较高的地方政府质量和社会资本水平能够帮助家族企业获取融资机会,缓解融资约束,降低金字塔结构层级和终极控制权与现金流权的分离度。在政府质量较低的地区,社会资本对家族企业金字塔结构作用更加显著,这揭示了社会资本与政府质量在家族企业金字塔结构选择中存在着替代效应。研究结论说明,转型经济中的家族企业发展,除了继续完善地方政府质量,构建地区之间以信任为基础的和谐社会氛围同样重要,本文的研究不仅对理解金字塔结构提供了一种新的视角,而且丰富了社会资本与政府质量的研究领域。     

论诚信资源

诚信是人类社会经济发展的社会性、精神性资源，它不仅是人类社会经济发展的精神动力，而且为社会经济发展提供了良好的社会环境和社会资本。在物质资源稀缺、有限的情况下，诚信对社会经济发展的资源意义是不容忽视的。     

社会资本与企业权益资本成本——经济体制转型下社会资本工具效用的异质性

本文基于社会关系网络主体异质性视角， 以 2010～2018 年沪深A 股非金融行业上市公司为研究样本， 结合外部环境深入分析异质性社会资本与权益资本成本的关系。 结果表明， 异质性社会资本对权益资本成本的影响存在差异： 权力性社会资本提高了企业权益资本成本， 而市场性社会资本则对权益资本成本起降低作用； 外部环境在异质性社会资本影响权益资本成本过程中发挥调节作用； 从影响机制来看， 代理成本和信息不对称分别在权力性社会资本、 市场性社会资本与权益资本成本关系中发挥路径传导作用。 研究结论为企业构建社会资本动态调整机制、 有效防范社会资本风险提供经验证据。     

社会资本对硕士研究生就业的影响研究

本文首先回顾了有关社会资本对就业影响的相关理论,并采用案例研究分析了学校、专业、家庭和学生等四种社会资本对研究生就业过程的影响,以期使在校研究生能客观评估自身的社会资本,为其满意就业提供科学指导。     

企业理论的社会资本逻辑

本文在回顾以知识为基础的企业理论的基础上，提出了社会资本不仅是企业战略资源，也是企业的一种有效的治理机制。企业交易复杂性程度越高，社会资本治理存在的价值就越大。按照社会资本治理的逻辑，企业比市场更能有效地创造社会资本，更能充分有效地利用社会资本的价值；与之相适应，本文分析了企业制度安排从资本为基础转向以社会资本为基础的可能性与现实性。     

企业社会资本的功效结构:基于中国上市公司的实证研究

与政府的联系、组织的社会网络资本和特有的关系资本构成了企业的社会资本。通过对97家上市公司的经验研究表明,企业社会资本对销售收入的提升有着正面的促进作用,但对资产报酬率的改善却没有明确的影响。具体而言,在提升销售收入过程中,组织的社会网络资本作用最大,特有关系资本次之,企业家的政府关系资本是第三位的。我们还发现,国有企业比非国有企业在政府关系的利用和获得有利社会地位方面更有优势,但在组织的特有关系资本建设方面却呈现不足。作者建议管理者谨慎评价企业社会资本的功效,有必要考虑不同社会资本结构的交互作用,并将之与其他要素综合起来运用;企业应当用动态的眼光分辨不同层次的社会资本对绩效改善的作用。     

社会保障对居民个人储蓄的影响：理论和实证研究综述

对有关文献的考察表明,多数西方学者认为社会保障具有减少储蓄的作用。从理论上看,社会保障可以同时产生增加和减少储蓄的作用,究竞净效应是正是负,还要看实证分析的结果。从实证研究结果来看,时间序列分析存在一定的理论缺陷,跨国分析则遇到了估计方法和储蓄习惯的难题而缺乏说服力,相对来说比较成功的实证研究是横截面分析。尽管横截面分析也面临着一些难点,但其中的大多数研究确实为社会保障减少储蓄的净效应提供了证据。     

The Importance of Social Capital to the Management of Multinational Enterprises: Relational Networks Among Asian and Western Firms

Social capital is an important concept for multinational firms. Firms operating in global markets rarely have adequate resources to compete effectively in global markets; they access the needed resources through formal and informal relationships with other firms. The cultures in Asian countries have emphasized relationships much more strongly than Western firms. Thus, relational capital, based on guanxi (China), kankei (Japan) and inmak (Korea), provides the framework for business dealings in many Asian countries. As a result, the social capital of many Asian firms gives them a potential competitive advantage in global markets. Western firms must develop social capital and learn to manage relational networks to gain and sustain a competitive advantage in global markets. Western firms can learn how to develop and manage social capital from Asian firms. Alternatively, social capital has some disadvantages. Firms are limited by their networks and thus experience opportunity costs and path dependence. Additionally, while Asian firms often have strong network ties in their domestic markets, they have to develop many more ties globally to operate effectively in global markets. As a result, the development and management of social capital has become of critical importance for competitive advantage in global markets.     

PERSPECTIVE: The World's Top Innovation Management Scholars and Their Social Capital*

Using 959 articles reflecting the work of 1,179 scholars, this study ranks the world's top scholars in innovation management (IM) on the basis of the number of research articles published across 14 top academic journals in technology and innovation management, marketing, and management between 1990 and 2004. Twenty‐three scholars have at least eight articles in this period. Michael Song has the most (31), followed by Robert Cooper, Roger Calantone, William Souder, and Elko Kleinschmidt, who have published at least 17 articles in the 15‐year period. Surprisingly, the list of schools that either trained or currently employ these top scholars is quite different from Linton's (2004) recent ranking of the top business schools in the management of technology. Guided by social capital theory, the present study analyzes the embeddedness characteristics of IM scholars to determine the extent to which social capital explains scholarly productivity. A current controversy in the social capital literature is the embeddedness characteristics that create social capital. On the one hand, the closure perspective argues that social capital results from strong relational ties with others in a dense, local neighborhood of actors who are relatively disconnected from others. On the other hand, the brokerage perspective argues that social capital is created when actors have relational ties that span these dense, local neighborhoods. The findings in the present study support both perspectives. Furthermore, the results suggest that strategic orientation is a contingency variable that clarifies the conditions in which closure‐ or brokerage‐based embeddedness is appropriate. Specifically, scholars pursuing an entrepreneurial publication strategy are more productive when their relational embeddedness is consistent with the brokerage perspective of social capital creation, whereas scholars pursuing a focused publication strategy are more productive when their relational embeddedness is consistent with the closure perspective of social capital creation. The results have implications for both the IM scholar community and the social capital literature. Whether IM scholars are pursuing an entrepreneurial strategy that capitalizes on emergent knowledge across various theories and perspectives or pursuing a focused strategy by concentrating on gaining deep understanding of a specific stream of research, there are many avenues and opportunities for improving publication performance through the formation of new social capital. Finally, the empirical support for the contingency variable strategic orientation is consistent with recent speculation that both perspectives are important and suggests that future work should focus on further identification and clarification of contingency factors associated with them.     

Strategic alliances as social capital: a multidimensional view

Defining social capital in terms of the information benefits available to a firm due to its strategic alliances we present a theory of social capital that conceptualizes it as a multidimensional construct. We draw from the literature to argue that social capital yields three distinctly different kinds of information benefits in the form of information volume, information diversity, and information richness. This extends current theoretical and empirical research by specifying and empirically demonstrating three interrelated yet distinct dimensions of social capital. Firms vary in their levels of social capital not just on their structural position in an alliance network but also in the dynamics that underlie alliance formation and maintenance. More importantly, the different dimensions of social capital theoretically provide differential benefits. We establish the construct validity of our proposed three‐dimensional conceptualization of social capital using longitudinal data on the population of strategic alliances formed during the period 1980–94 by firms in the global steel industry. In addition, we establish predictive validity by demonstrating that the information dimensions have differential effects on firm performance, using firm nationality as a contingency. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Automation and the future of work: A social shaping of technology approach

Recent years have seen enormous attention paid to automation and its potential implications for the future of work. This study rejects unhelpful speculation and, instead, poses the question ‘what is shaping automation and its predicted effects?’ In contrast to the technological determinism framing much of the current debate, this study utilises the social shaping of technology (SST) approach, a theoretically informed body of research largely overlooked by sociology of work scholars. Compared with mainstream commentary, which treats technology as separate from the social world, SST facilitates examination of how the development and use of technology are shaped by broader socioeconomic concerns and politics. The analysis presented is based on an understanding of how technology is shaped by existing technology, economics, social relations, gender and the state.     

中原城市群软实力的对策研究

中原城市群地区对承东启西、拉动中部崛起具有重要作用。论文在有关城市软实力研究现状基础上,分析了城市软实力的含义,提出了城市软实力的基本要素,并进一步提出了提升中原城市群软实力的策略在于增加以信任为核心的城市社会资本和大力发展中原城市的文化产业。     

农村小额信贷过程中社会网络运行机制研究

回顾了农村小额信贷中社会资本运行机制的相关研究成果,指出社会资本对于小额信贷的作用不仅仅限于静态,而且更是一个动态的过程。尤其是构成社会资本的社会网络,更是一个借贷主体双方主动构建并促成借贷双方达成交易的一个动态过程,借贷双方都能够能动地改变着网络结构,使其有利于满足自身的利益需求。     

Choose to Fight or Choose to Flee? A Network Embeddedness Perspective of Executive Ship Jumping in Declining Firms

Research summary: Executives in declining firms may engage in ship‐jumping behavior (i.e., voluntarily move to new employers before the failure occurs) to avoid the stigma of failure. However, it is unclear how executives decide whether or not to jump ship. Building on a network embeddedness perspective, we highlight how three network‐based indicators (i.e., executive social capital, the social capital of other peers in the declining firm, and the declining firm's alliance network) influence the executive‐level ship‐jumping decision by shaping its benefits and opportunity costs. Using data from executives at failing firms in China, we find support for our hypothesized relationships. Our research provides important insight into the network mechanisms driving the ship‐jumping decision. Managerial summary: Executives at failing firms have a choice: stay and attempt to rescue the firm from failure or exit and avoid the stigma of the failure (i.e., jump ship). Yet, little is known about what factors affect this choice. We propose that social capital plays an important role in the decision. Our evidence from specially treated (*ST) public firms in China finds that ship jumping is lowest at low and high values of social capital, and highest at moderate levels of social capital (an inverted U‐shaped relationship). In addition, higher levels of peer social capital (in the declining firm) as well as a well‐established firm‐level alliance network discourage the ship‐jumping choice. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

社会资本、网络连带与上市公司终极股东控制权——基于社会资本理论的分析框架

迄今为止,关于上市公司终极股东控制权的研究仍然仅仅局限于股权控制链分析范式。这种研究范式既难以深刻揭示终极股东的隐蔽性,又无法系统地定量分析终极股东控制度。基于此,本文创造性地运用社会资本理论构建起上市公司社会资本控制链分析范式,用大股东的社会网络连带作为追溯上市公司终极股东及其控制权的逻辑起点,细致地甄别其社会网络连带关系,探寻其动员这些社会资本获取上市公司的实际控制权进而成为终极股东的方式和路径,并利用这一分析范式解析上市公司终极股东控制类型及其动态演变的机理。这种新的分析框架能够更为精准地识别上市公司的终极股东、测量和分析终极股东控制权,有效地弥补股权控制链分析范式的不足,从而为上市公司终极股东控制权问题的研究开辟了一条崭新的道路。