基于EDA技术的单片交通控制器的设计

EDA技术是现代电子设计的发展趋势。在概述EDA技术的基础上，阐述了基于EDA技术的单片交通控制器设计的内部原理结构图，主要VHDL源程序及硬件验证结果，总结了利用EDA技术进行电子设计的特点。     

基于HDL与PLD的数字电路与逻辑设计实验

简述了代表当今电子设计自动化(EDA)技术最新发展潮流的硬件电路设计语言HDL及其设计理念和设计方法,通过实例比较了HDL与传统的数字电路系统实验手段的优劣,进行了基于HDL和PLD的数字电路与逻辑设计实验的改革与探索。从开展的实验情况看,学生兴趣浓厚,教学效果良好。     

Protel 99 SE仿真在电路设计中的应用

电路仿真是电子设计自动化(EDA)中的一项重要技术,在电子产品的分析、设计、检测以及技术革新和改造等方面有着广泛的应用。Protel99SE不仅提供了功能完备的电路设计工具,而且具备强大的电路仿真能力。本文阐述了Protel99SE电路仿真器的特点、可实现的功能和电路仿真的一般步骤,并通过实例介绍了电路设计仿真的具体方法。     

Cadence:充分展示适应力

两年前,Cadence设计系统公司面临困境。在电子设计自动化(EDA)行业独占优势10多年之后,行业老大的地位被Synopsys公司夺走。为了对付Synopsys公司,Cadence迅速设计了一种集成电路物理设计套件。半年后, Synopsys公司收购了Cadence的宿敌Avanti公司。主要由于Synopsys的疏忽,也归功于Cadence的集中精力,两个季度之后,Cadence夺回了第一的位置。     

积极推广电子凸轮控制技术在瓦纸生产印刷设备上的应用

正对提高瓦纸行业生产自动化水平具有重要的现实意义以计算机、PLC、电子驱动技术为基础的现代运动控制系统无疑是目前促进机械设备制造业飞跃发展最具活力的技术因素,其中以"电子凸轮"控制功能为代表的运动控制系统计算技术可以称得上是设备智能化的数学基础,其应用成果几乎涵盖了所有行业,瓦纸生产印刷行业也不例外。中国瓦纸设备制造业从引进、消化,到完全自产经历了近30年发展,技术起点、创新理     

自动化仪表干扰原因及抗干扰策略的研究

科学技术的发展促进我国电子自动化技术的发展,这也促进了自动化仪表心系统在冶金行业中的使用。文章主要从自动化仪表技术出发,分析了自动化仪表干扰出现的原因。同同时详细阐述抵抗自动化仪表干扰的重要措施,希望为相关的工作人员提供参考。     

EDA技术的发展与应用

EDA技术已成为现代电子系统设计和电子产品研制开发的有效工具,成为电子工程师应具备的基本能力。本文着重分析了ED(AElectronic Design Automation)技术的发展历程、主要内容、基本设计方法及应用展望等。     

探讨电气自动化仪表工程的安装调试技术

随着我国经济的快速发展,电力系统的自动化逐步实现,科学技术水平逐步提高。电气自动化仪表行业也在推动改革,结合电子自动化仪器在许多领域的实现,使越来越多的新设备和新技术出现。本文介绍了电气自动化仪表安装、电气自动化仪表工程安装和调试分析的特点,以确保电气自动化设备的正确安装、调试,为企业安装电气自动化仪表技术提供了一定的参考和借鉴作用。     

机器人角色、生产分割与生产方式转换

人工智能技术的发展，既提供了以自动化技术为主要特征的新动能，也提供了对人类脑力劳动进行分解、模拟和延伸的全新技术手段。工业机器人作为人工智能技术在生产领域的核心载体，既可以利用自动化技术成为工业生产的发动机，也可以通过生产工具创新和生产知识创新实现工具机的价值。本文基于Becker and Murphy(1992)分工模型，刻画了工业机器人引发生产方式变革的演化路径：工业机器人首先以发动机的形式完成可自动化范围内的任务，进而以工具机的形式辅助劳动力实现非自动化范围内生产环节的分割重组，反向推动自动化范围内子任务的分工深化，最终实现整个任务区间生产方式的转变。经验研究表明：当工业机器人应用量达到一定规模时，增加工业机器人投入能够促进生产分割程度提升，行业研发投入的增加则会加速生产分割的进程。工业机器人应用对劳动生产率的影响过程与转变生产方式的演化路径高度吻合。本文的研究为政府引导工业企业“聚焦人工智能核心技术攻关，通过工业机器人应用加快推进生产分割”提供了理论与经验证据。     

石油化工行业自动化仪表特点与控制技术

在石油化工行业中,自动化仪表在整个行业中是其开展工作的关键,应用自动化仪表能够准确测量石油化工企业的参数信息,进而为石油化工带来有效的参考数据。石油化工行业经过数十年的发展研发了大量的自动化技术,同时在自动化的基础之上对自动化仪表进行了研发,全新的自动化仪表具有较强的准确性,能够为石油化工行业带来更高的经济效益。对当前的石油化工行业来说,应当给自动化控制进行清晰的内容明示,通过对当前自动化仪表技术的应用不断发展石油化工行业。     

Two Cultures of Technical Courses and Discourses: The Case of Computer Aided Design

Researchers in science and technology studies (STS) are in the process of dismantling the conventional human-machine and nature-society-technology boundaries solidified by C. P. Snow and generations of designers, engineers, researchers, scientists and teachers. Using the case of computer aided design (CAD), I argue that by combining the sociopolitical knowledge of STS with technical knowledge we can finally and forcefully bring an end to technical education. To make this argument, I draw on my experiences in teaching CAD in post-secondary institutions in design, engineering, and teacher education. Theories and practices are described to assist design and technology educators with the dilemma of addressing sociopolitical knowledge.     

An International Investigation of Problem‐Solving Performance in the Semiconductor Industry*

Using a unique survey of engineers in major semiconductor companies located in Japan, South Korea, and the United States, this article analyzes how a firm's human resource (HR) system (i.e., practices that structure work, develop skills, and reward performance) and knowledge system (i.e., information access, sharing and control) are related to the problem‐solving performance of engineers. Because of the short product market life cycles in the semiconductor industry, expeditious problem solving is an important performance goal. Therefore, this article examines the performance of engineers in terms of the time it takes them to solve problems in the context of their firms' HR and knowledge systems. It was anticipated during this study that externally oriented organizational systems, which support individual career performance and mobility (an externally oriented HR system) and the use of private knowledge sources (an externally oriented knowledge system), would be associated with superior performance in terms of problem‐solving speed. The findings support this hypothesis and demonstrate the importance of externally oriented HR systems and at the same time suggest the surprising insignificance of the orientation of the knowledge systems. These findings are applicable to engineers in the sample from the United States, whereas the findings for the Korean and Japanese engineers are inconclusive. International variation is found where the U.S. engineers work under the most externally oriented and the Japanese engineers under the least externally oriented systems, and the Korean engineers fall in between. The findings of this article suggest that when constructing a work environment for new product development, managers should take into account how the underlying components of their organizational systems contribute to an internal or external focus, and how this orientation may influence performance.     

Knowing what engineering and technology teachers need to know: an analysis of pre-service teachers engineering design problems

With the rapid advances in civilization, technological breakthroughs, and a globally growing workforce, there is a strong need for engineers capable of working in the 21st century environment (Galloway, The 21st century engineer: A proposal for engineering education reform. ASCE, Washington DC 2008). To help increase the quality and quantity of students choosing to pursue engineering, leaders have called on K-12 education to look for methods of inserting pre-engineering into the K-12 curriculum. Leaders in technology education have responded to the call to develop top quality candidates for engineers by infusing engineering into the technology education curriculum. Teacher preparation programs have used various methods to provide future technology teachers with the required content knowledge in order to effectively teach engineering design within the technology curriculum. One such program uses an ABET accredited engineering curriculum for the content and additional training to strengthen engineering education pedagogy for technology teachers. Students who graduate from this program possess both an engineering degree and technology teaching license. The purpose of this investigation was to ascertain the differences between technology teachers from this program and traditionally trained technology teachers. In particular, how each group incorporates the engineering design process in classroom assignments. Design briefs were gathered from pre-service teachers who graduated from the aforementioned program and compared to design briefs of practicing technology teachers around the United States. The engineering design process was used to develop a rubric to compare the usage of engineering content between the two groups. It was found that students with 4 years of engineering training were more likely to use all steps of the engineering design process. Further examination illustrates that engineering trained technology teachers were significantly more likely to use mathematical and analytical methods to determine optimum solutions. In order for technology education teachers to effectively infuse engineering design into coursework, they need to be familiar and comfortable with the engineering sciences and the design process. With limited engineering design experience, technology teachers are not as likely to use optimization techniques involving mathematical and analytical reasoning. These concepts are critical for engineering students to be successful in college engineering programs and beyond.     

模块化环境下中国制造企业的竞争空间及策略选择——电子电器产业案例分析

当前,模块化作为一种产业发展趋势其影响触角正在逐渐延伸,电子电器产业即是其中之一。本文利用基于产品结构的产业分类方法对电子电器业的产品进行重新分类。通过构筑以零部件的技术变动性和市场需求特性为维度的空间结构图,可以看出,中国电子电器企业的竞争空间随着技术的变动程度和市场需求的复杂程度提高而逐渐缩小,这是因为中国的电子电器企业过分追求享有模块化的加工组装便利效应而忽视了激励技术创新效应。基于此,本文从技术稳定型产品和技术变动型产品两个方面分别给出了中国电子电器企业的竞争策略建议。     

Competing technologies and industry evolution: The benefits of making mistakes in the flat panel display industry

This article investigates the post‐entry implications of pre‐entry technological choices made during the uncertain period before a dominant design. Building on work on technological dynamics and organizational inertia, I argue that too early commitments to the winning technology may impede the ability to bring the best product to market, but delaying investment too long limits the ability to accumulate useful knowledge. Using data from the evolution of the flat panel display industry from 1965 to 2005, the study shows empirical support for the two theoretical mechanisms and offers the surprising result that firms starting in the losing technology before switching outperform other firms in terms of product value. Switching, while difficult behaviorally in recovering from failure, both delays difficult‐to‐reverse technological commitments and develops market knowledge. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Product design planning with the analytic hierarchy process in inter–organizational networks

In the second half of inter–organizational product development, the new product is likely to face significant design changes. Our study focused on the adequacy of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to support the collaborative partners to steer and align the accompanying design activities. It quantitatively supported discussions between researchers, engineers, manufacturers and future users involved in the development of a voice–producing prosthesis. These discussions focused on the planning of respectively the product design objectives, design changes, and design activities. This product design planning was based on the product requirements relevant to the diverse groups involved, a pro–active view on the market circumstances, the available knowledge, skills and resources, lead–time and costs. The outcomes showed that the AHP is an adequate tool for R&D managers to support inter–organizational product development.     

The technological knowledge used by technology education students in capability tasks

Since technology education is, compared to subjects such as mathematics and science, still a fairly new subject both nationally and internationally, it does not have an established subject philosophy. In the absence of an established subject philosophy for technology education, one can draw on other disciplines in the field, such as engineering and design practice, for insights into technological knowledge. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of an epistemological conceptual framework chiefly derived from engineering, to be able to describe the nature of technological knowledge, in an attempt to contribute towards the understanding of this relatively new learning area. The conceptual framework was derived mainly from Vincenti’s (What engineers know and how they know it. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1990) categories of knowledge based on his research into historical aeronautic engineering cases. Quantitative research was used to provide insight into the categories of knowledge used by students at the University of Pretoria during capability tasks and included an analysis of a questionnaire administered to these students. Findings suggest that the conceptual framework used here is useful in technology education and that the categories of technological knowledge apply to all the content areas, i.e. structures, systems and control, and processing, in technology education. The study recommends that researchers and educators deepen their understanding of the nature of technological knowledge by considering the categories of technological knowledge presented in the conceptual framework.     

Technologists talk: making the links between design, problem-solving and experiences with hard materials

Design and problem-solving is a key learning focus in technology education and remains a distinguishing factor that separates it from other subject areas. This research investigated how two expert designers considered experiences with hard materials contributed to their learning design and problem-solving with these materials. The research project used a qualitative approach and conducted semi-structured interviews with two mechanical engineers. They identified their experiences under three key headings that provided them with much of the essential knowledge and understanding they employ today to design and problem-solve with hard materials. These included experience of seeing outcomes that provided feedback on their designs, experiences that informed about materials and material selection and accessing others’ experiences from communities of practice.     

新项目管理模式下监理安全责任管理的探讨

随着我国经济技术的高速发展,建筑行业呈现出新的发展态势,出现了新项目管理模式——共投体与共保体。通过分析监理单位目前面临的各种风险,研究了在新项目管理模式下监理的安全责任管理,提出了如何加强监理安全责任管理的建议。     

The rise of 5G technologies and systems: A quantitative analysis of knowledge production

The advent of a new generation of wireless communications has punctuated the dawn of every decade in recent times. Upgrades to mobile electronic systems represent faster and more robust capabilities of data transfer but bring with it a wide set of complementary changes as they are underpinned by harmonised specific spectrum bands, fresh international technical standards, new network operation requirements, innovative cellular devices as well as new services and a broader array of potential commercial use applications. This paper presents a systematic outline of the development of 5G-related research until 2020 as revealed by over 10,000 science and technology publications. The exercise addresses the emergence, growth, and impact of this body of work and offers insights regarding disciplinary distribution, international performance, and historical dynamics. Findings reveal the progressive growth of the 5G research over the years after original contributions in 2010 and point to a “take-off” around 2014. A set of stylised facts regarding this technology since its infancy are of interest to engineers, regulators and innovation strategists and policy-makers.