一个基于四库(数据库、模型库、方法库和知识库)的DSS统系结构设计

随着经济现象愈来愈复杂,经济活动变化愈来愈迅速,除了程序化管理问题能够用数学模型来描述之外,很多不确定性因素和非程序化管理问题难以用数学模型来描述,例如是面对层次高,政策性强的一类决策问题。决策者热切的希望 DSS 能够提供较多的功能,便于会语、学习和使用。基于上述要求,我们提出了一种新型的 DSS 系统的概念,即以数据库、模型库、方法库和知识库为基础的 DSS 系统,并进行了初步的结构设计。     

决策支持系统及其应用

近几年来,在国外,DSS已经为各级决策人员所采用,并引起计算机、数学、管理等方面专家的关注。 什么是DSS呢?DSS是英文DecisionSupport System的简称。汉语的意思是决策支持系统。在60年代,有些人曾想过用计算机进行决策,但是所有这些想法与尝试都遭到了失败。其原因是决策的过程是一种行为模型。人们逐渐认识到计算机只能辅助决策,而不能实现一个决策系统。也就是说,计算机只能实现一个决策支持系统。     

不同碳酸盐矿物的碳同位素特征研究

碳酸盐矿物是最重要的碳的储库之一。本研究选取常见的碳酸盐矿物作为研究对象,研究它们的同位素分馏值特征及其变化规律。我们采用从头计算的量子化学方法,准确获得了这些主要矿物的同位素分馏因子(RPFR)及其随温度的变化关系。计算结果显示,不同碳酸盐矿物的物质结构及物质组成均是影响碳同位素特征的重要因素。当物质结构相近时,阳离子的不同会引起同位素分馏因子的变化;物质组成相近,结构不同,具有的RPFR也不相同。因此,在实验和理论计算获得碳酸盐矿物的同位素组成时,应充分考虑碳酸盐矿物的类型,对于准确获得同位素组成数据是至关重要的。     

产业集群中企业的知识基础与交互式学习研究——以东莞虎门服装产业集群为例

本研究探讨了产业集群中企业开展技术创新所依赖的知识基础的分布性和知识基础的两种类型,并在此基础上对产业集群中企业的交互式学习问题进行了研究,分析了交互式学习的结构和组成.最后,以东莞虎门服装产业集群为例,分析了其知识基础的组成和集群中的企业基于不同的知识基础的交互式学习现象.     

浅谈起重机械安全制动器

分析安全制动器的结构组成和在起重作业中的作用。从安全制动器的工作原理、常见类型、设计要求等方面，阐述电磁安全制动器的创新应用和发展趋势。     

企业投资决策支持系统

企业投资决策支持系统是面向现代企业所需的巨大投资,面对现代企业外部复杂多变的环境以及企业内部物质流和信息流多层次、多模式流动的特点,适时作出决策,保证科学合理地筹集资金、投入资金和运用资金,并且能够对企业资金的筹措、投入与运用做出科学预测,亦即建立现代企业投资决策支持系统。决策支持系统(DSS)是现代科学管理中的新领域,发展极为迅速,近几年来不断地推出新的DSS。这些     

决策支持系统的运用

在现代社会经济发展如此迅速的今天,国家之间、行业之间、企业之间的竞争颇为激烈。单纯追求信息处理效率的系统,如EDP、MIS 等,已远不能满足各级组织和管理者的要求。他们更需要的是能为管理者提供分析问题、模拟决策过程以及评价决策效果的决策支持环境,即管理者——决策支持系统(简称DSS,DecisionSupport System)的人机交互系统。DSS作为一种新兴的计算     

决策支持系统开发技术综述

本文首先介绍了DSS发展新阶段，接着讲述了数据仓库与数据挖掘的基本概念、特点和体系结构，讨论了数据挖掘的技术算法及数据仓库与数据挖掘的应用领域，最后介绍了智能Agent技术在CDSS中的应用研究。     

公司股权的"市场结构"类型与股东治理行为

公司股东的治理行为与公司股权结构的类型密切相关。已有的文献存在的一个主要问题是没有在合理界定公司股权结构类型的基础上分析股东治理行为与作用。鉴于此,本文借用产业组织学中的“市场结构”的概念,结合公司股东持有股份的结构特征,对公司股权“市场结构”的类型加以界定;在此基础上,建立了一个公司股东治理行为的分析框架,并分析了不同公司股权“市场结构”下的股东治理行为;最后,本文就我国上市公司应选择何种类型的股权“市场结构”问题进行了探讨。     

偏心滚子活齿传动的研究

本文分析了活齿传动的组成结构,提出了一种新型结构型式的活齿传动——偏心滚子活齿传动,论述了偏心滚子活齿传动的结构组成、运动学和齿形综合问题,应用高低副替代理论得到了它的等效机构,利用等效机构推导出中心轮的齿形方程式。     

基于分布式的通用信号处理嵌入式软件架构

为了从根本上解决信号处理系统功能软件与硬件平台的解耦、在线重构、部署和升级问题,以信号处理嵌入式软件系统架构的新需求为牵引,分析了独立式架构、联合式架构和综合式架构等多种信号处理嵌入式软件系统架构的优缺点,提出了基于分布式的下一代通用信号处理嵌入式软件系统架构,研究了以信号预处理阵列、信号处理阵列、信息数据处理阵列和大容量存储阵列组成为主的硬件架构与以任务服务层、智能服务层、构件服务层和系统平台服务层组成为主的软件架构,解决了分布式通信中间件、多业务动态加载与灵活配置和异构处理器高效移植开发等关键性技术,实现了基于分布式的通用信号处理嵌入式软件架构。所提出的系统架构可扩展、可升级、可重构,快速提升系统性能,可满足不同的任务需求,面对复杂作战环境的适应能力强,能实现复杂电磁环境下电磁目标的智能感知。     

A business and ICT architecture for a logistics city

The city of Melbourne, Australia, stands to benefit from achieving the logistics city status. The planning theme of a logistics city is designed around achieving efficiencies and long term sustainability out of the legacy of dispersed groups of intensive “logistics activity areas”. This is not to re-invent solutions particularly in Melbourne, where the existence of a legacy logistics infrastructure and ad hoc growth has resulted in the business architecture that is constantly in the “catch-up” mode. This is seen as a unique opportunity for developing business models to meet the future challenges of the growth of trade, freight movement and maintaining economic, environmental and urban sustainability. Enterprise architecture will enable attention to be focused on the development of a collaborative business model, which will help to achieve efficiencies in view of the complex set of economic, social and environmental parameters. The logistics city business architecture responds to the shift to a services economy, which is generating different patterns of workforce travel to ensure good access to skilled workers, to other services, to business clients and to national and international markets.     

物流信息系统架构分析

针对当前GIS技术在物流信息系统中的应用现状进行了梳理,将当前的物流信息系统架构分为3类:基于C/S(client/server,客户机/服务器)模式的2层架构、基于B/S(browser/server,浏览器/服务器)的3层架构、基于GIS的4层架构。对各类系统架构的特征、共性问题(系统开发效率、系统的集成化)分别进行了梳理与归纳。通过解析可知,为了提高物流信息系统的效能,方案之一就是将物流信息理论和GIS理论进行深度结合,以弱化各类技术间的耦合性为突破口,研究基于GIS的新型物流信息系统架构。     

构建基于DLLs的可扩展软件结构

程序的运行完全绕开编译器是不可能的,但可以把那些来自DLL库、用于驱动设备的函数或其他目的性很强的函数从主程序中分离出来,实现一种可扩展的软件构架,即不在程序中直接调用函数,而是将需要调用函数写在一个脚本里,在程序运行时去读这个脚本,根据脚本的内容载入相应的动态连接库并执行其中的函数,这样就形成了一种灵活的软件结构,使软件的可伸缩性得到改善。本文介绍在C++源程序中嵌入汇编语句来构建基于DLLs的可扩展软件结构的方法,并提供部分源代码。     

The market that never was: Turf wars and failed alliances in mobile payments

In this inductive multiple‐case study set in the nascent market for mobile payments, we investigate how global firms from different industries attempt to define the architecture for a new market. We find that powerful players from different industries have difficulty in reaching agreement on the new market's architecture due to their history of dominance in their respective industries. This disagreement in turn leads to a weak compromise on market architecture and creates a vicious cycle of resource allocation deferment. We show that the nascent market is thus less likely to emerge despite country‐level attempts at resolving these issues. Our findings contribute to resource dependence theory and to theories of market emergence, and lead to a deeper understanding of when and how markets fail to emerge. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Innovation in product architecture—A study of the Chinese automobile industry

The purpose of this paper is to put forward the hypothesis that a transformation from closed integral architecture to quasi-open modular architecture contributes to the achievement of a low-cost competitive strategy by Chinese carmakers. The question, “What is quasi-open architecture in Chinese industry?” is addressed in the theoretical section, followed by the Geely case in the passenger car sector. Two perspectives form the basis of the analysis: that of the carmaker and that of its relationship with suppliers. The findings offer an insight into the competitive strategy of firms in emerging economies and some valuable observations concerning the “catching up” trajectory of Chinese firms.     

Rehearsal of professional practice: impacts of web-based collaborative learning on the future encounter of different disciplines

This study argues that the shift towards a more multidisciplinary professional life in contemporary design practice requires design curricula to equip students with collaborative skills. The study offers that by the aid of web-based collaborative learning (WBCL) in design education, different disciplines may be brought together during their education. A case study is held as a rehearsal of professional life; involving architecture and interior architecture students collaborating on a common project, using WBCL. The evaluations of the participating students about the process were analyzed. The findings convey that there is a mutual problem of recognition of professional domains. In order to diagnose and possibly reconcile tensions that may occur due to this problem in professional life, this paper asserts that integrating interdisciplinary work to the design curricula would be beneficial.     

基于SWT的RMI双向推送技术的研究及实现

针对信息推送技术是分布式系统的一个研究方向,分析了基于RMI的分布式多层体系结构,并探讨了利用RMI的调用机制来实现信息的推送。为了实现更美观、实用的桌面应用程序,研究了如何将SWT同RMI结合实现双向推送技术,并使用JavaWebStart技术利用Web服务器对其进行部署、发布和维护,提供了一个从设计、实现、部署与维护的分布式应用程序的解决方案。     

Modularity, component outsourcing, and inter-firm learning

Modularization of product architectures is a strategy for managing complex design activities and production systems, and associated supply chain issues. It has wide-reaching implications, from design engineering to business strategy. With standardized interface specifications, component outsourcing is possible, both with respect to the division of tasks in functional specification and detailed engineering of a product architecture. However, failure at the system level could still take place if interface compatibility issues of the outsourced component with the rest of the system are not understood. Outsourcing creates a certain degree of supplier-buyer interdependence and possibilities for inter-firm learning. A study of Chrysler Jeeps WIPERs suggested that learning-by-failure from one product architecture cultivated closer cooperation between the supplier and Chrysler to solve technical problems as well as to be innovative in searching for the best technological solutions for future product architecture designs.     

Cost management and cross-functional communication through product architectures

Product architecture decisions regarding, for example, product modularity, component commonality, and design re-use, are important for balancing costs, responsiveness, quality, and other important business objectives. Firms are challenged with complex tradeoffs between competing design priorities, face the need to facilitate communication between functional silos, and want to learn from past experiences. In this paper, we present a qualitative approach for systematically evaluating the product architecture of a product family, comparing the original architecture objectives and actual experiences.
The intended contribution of our research is threefold: (1) to present a framework that brings together a diverse set of product architecture-related decisions and business performance; (2) to provide a set of metrics that operationalise the variables in the framework, and (3) to provide a workshop protocol that is based on the framework and the metrics. This workshop aims to improve cross-functional communication about the product architecture of an existing product family, and it results in practical improvement actions for future architecture design projects. Experiences with this approach are reported in pilots with Philips Domestic Appliances and Personal Care, and Philips Consumer Electronics.