淋洗法修复砷污染土壤技术研究进展

面对日益严峻的重金属土壤污染问题,其中砷污染问题尤为突出,亟需国内重视,文章先介绍了砷污染土壤的来源与危害,以及国内外砷污染土壤淋洗研究的现状,大量的国内外研究表明,淋洗技术是一种高效可行的砷污染处理修复技术,天然螯合剂和生物表面活性剂等环境友好型淋洗剂正逐渐取代人工螯合剂和化学表面活性剂成为土壤淋洗剂研究的主流方向。     

改性膨润土吸附去除水中六价铬的实验研究

以江西膨润土为原料,用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为表面活性剂对其改性,研究了有机改性膨润土去除废水中六价铬的影响因素.结果表明:吸附剂用量为4％,pH偏酸性,吸附时间为40min,废水浓度为10mg/L,在此条件下六价铬的去除率达90％以上.     

阴离子表面活性剂化学传感器聚合物敏感膜的研制

对阴离子表面活性剂化学传感器敏感膜的种类组成及其比例进行了筛选,确定了增塑剂为磷酸三甲酚酯,其质量分数为55%～75%；电活性物质为十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,其质量分数为0.6%～1%；聚合物基体为聚氯乙烯(PVC),其质量分数为24%～44.4%。实验结果表明,敏感膜机械强度好,其对阴离子表面活性剂的线性响应范围为1×10-7～1×10-3 mol/L,阴离子表面活性剂浓度为1×10-3 mol/L时,其响应时间为30s。     

哪些纺织助剂不可用

欧盟是世界上研究、开发和制造纺织助剂的中心,近年他们通过大量研究,不断扩大禁用和限制使用的纺织助剂,而这些禁用和限用的纺织助剂遵循着下列一些原则:1.1生物降解性低纺织助剂的生物降解性是指其在一定条件下被微生物氧化和分解生成二氧化碳、水和无机元素,使之成为无害物质的性质。对作为纺织助剂的表面活性剂的生物降解性的研究分析大致存在下列规律:①对阴离子表面活性剂来说,其生物降解性的容易程度大致为:线性脂肪皂类表面活性剂>高级脂肪醇硫酸酯>线型醚类硫酸酯(AES)>线型烷基或烯基磺硫酸盐(SAS、AOS)>线型直链烷基磺酸盐(L…     

柔印报纸电浮选脱墨技术

从含有电解池的半连续浮选机,用于从报纸纸浆中收集油墨。一般情况下,制浆时间过长不利于柔印旧报纸或新闻纸印刷品100%脱墨,但升温有助于脱墨。然而,当施加电场后,延长制浆时间,如从5min到25min,通过测定有效残余油墨浓度（ERIC）百分比变化发现,制浆效率提高了5%。在电场的作用下,温度增加,从25℃到40℃,脱墨效率将提高5%。本文通过以下变量进一步讨论了施加电场对浮选脱墨的影响：碱量（氢氧化钠含量）,悬浮物的浓度（纸浆悬浮液固体百分比）,非离子表面活性剂和阴离子表面活性剂含量,以及柔印报纸在混合纸浆中的比例。与100%柔印报纸不同,由48%的柔印报纸、30%的胶印报纸和22%旧杂志（OMG）组成的混合废纸中因包含柔印和胶印两种油墨,具有不同的粒径和化学成分,施加电场可使脱墨效率平均提高3%。在氢氧化钠、非离子表面活性剂和阴离子表面活性剂与电场共同作用下,浮选浓度达到1%时脱墨效率最高。通过热重分析（TGA）验证了脱墨效率。根据脱墨选择性参数（即加权系数Z）对脱墨效率进行了讨论。     

纳米球形二氧化硅的制备工艺研究

本文主要研究以廉价的水玻璃为主要原料,采用化学共沉淀法制备纳米二氧化硅,添加一定量的表面活性剂,进行沉淀反应,通过检测手段对其表征,得到纳米二氧化硅。结果显示本方法所制得的二氧化硅粉体为近球形,其平均颗粒直径为100nm,平均表面积为1148.9m2/g。在实验过程中,本文对影响前驱物形成的主要因素做了研究分析,包括原料水玻璃的杂质、模数、浓度和反应的pH值、反应温度、表面活性剂、陈化时间及烘干和焙烧的方式的影响做了研究分析,寻找到了最佳的反应条件。     

生物絮凝剂处理生活污水的应用研究

实验分别用M-2B、M-2、CMD、高酐、阳Ⅰ型、阳Ⅱ型、阴离子1800、阴离子1600、阳离子102处理二沉池出水。以CODcr、色度、pH为主要测试指标,对每个絮凝剂的处理效果处理效果进行评价对比。结果表明:对于生活污水,高酐生物絮凝剂处理效果最佳,CODCr的去除率为63.00%,色度去除率为61.75%,pH为6.98。     

重金属污染土壤的植物修复技术研究进展

阐述了重金属污染土壤修复技术的类型和应用,以及超积累植物吸收重金属的生理及分子生物学机制,为重金属污染土壤治理提供参考。     

涂铁陶粒对废水溶液中镍离子的吸附性能与吸附条件

本文的目的在于研究涂铁陶粒对废水溶液中镍离子的吸附性能与吸附条件,吸附时间、废水的pH值、吸附温度、及废水中镍离子的初始浓度和涂铁陶粒用量对吸附性能的影响。尤其是涂铁陶粒在重金属废水的处理上的应用提供有效的工艺参数与理论依据。本文将用涂铁陶粒和陶粒作吸附剂的实验进行了比较,结果表明了涂铁陶粒对含镍废水的去除效果更为显著,去除率可提高15%~20%左右。但是由于陶粒的粒径过大,在3~4mm左右,比表面积小,去除效果并为达到理想。文中得出了最佳的吸附条件,即室温下,pH值范围在4~10时,镍与吸附剂重量比为1:400,接触时间为45min。     

重金属污染土壤修复技术及其修复实践

文章从多个维度出发,对重金属污染修复技术进行全面探讨,结合过往修复工作开展的实际经验,提出调整技术应用方式,优化技术应用手段等优化措施,以期进一步提升重金属污染土壤修复质量,增强生态治理水平,推动重金属污染土壤修复的顺利进行。     

Comparing FTTH access networks based on P2P and PMP fibre topologies

There is an ongoing discussion in the market which Next Generation Access (NGA) architecture best suits future needs and which investment and cost differences exist. The discussion can be subsumed as P2P vs. GPON, which is somewhat misleading as this article reveals. The discussion is driven by the fact that the high capital cost and the long asset life time of fibre mean that the technology choices made today will dominate the opportunities for telecommunication business of all market players, incumbents, competitors, content providers and business and residential users for many years in the future.The paper analyzes the cost and other differences between Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) access network architectures and their related different wholesale approaches by using the well-known and understood steady state approach applied in other NGA analyses in the past. In addition to the steady state analysis a dynamic cost evaluation is included taking into account the different investment behaviour of the FTTH architectures over time. The results describe investment and cost differences between architectures, incumbents and wholesale based competitive operators. The analysis has been performed for different geotypes (clusters) of decreasing population density in a representative European settlement structure.     

Indigenous peoples’ nutrition transition in a right to food perspective

In indigenous communities the nutrition transition characterized by a rapid westernization of diet and lifestyle is associated with rising prevalence of chronic disease. Field work and literature reviews from two different policy environments, Argentina (Jujuy) and Canada (Nunavut), identified factors that add to indigenous peoples’ disease risk. The analytical framework was the emerging human right to adequate food approach to policies and programmes. Indigenous peoples’ chronic disease risk tends to increase as a result of government policies that infringe on indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and territories, undermining their economic system, values and solidarity networks. Policies intended to increase food security, including food aid, may also fuel the nutrition transition. There is a need to explore further the connection between well-intended policies towards indigenous peoples and the development of chronic diseases, and to broaden the understanding of the role that different forms of discrimination play in the westernization of their lifestyles, values and food habits. Food policies that take due account of indigenous peoples’ human rights, including their right to enjoy their culture, may counteract the growth of chronic disease in these communities.     

A strategic skill based model of supplier integration and its effect on supply management performance

Supplier integration is a tool to help organizations gain competitive advantage. Strategic supply management skills and the supply management function's perceived status are hypothesized as antecedents to supplier integration leading to supply management performance. The sample for this study includes 152 executive level supply management professionals. The empirical results suggest that strategic skills and perceived status are essential antecedents to supplier integration and subsequent performance. Further, the relationship between strategic skills and performance is mediated by supplier integration. Results of a dominance analysis also suggest which strategic skills are most likely to explain status integration, and performance. These findings have significant implications for supply management theory and practice.     

Collectivism,individualism, and outgroup cooperation in a segmented China

A consistent theme in cross-cultural management research is that collectivists are more cooperative than individualists. We use Hofstede's measure for individualism–collectivism and combine it with an experimental measure of cooperation to test this relationship in China. In contrast to the established paradigm, we find that groups with higher individualistic scores are more cooperative than those groups with higher collectivistic scores. We attribute these results to groups being composed of outgroup members. In addition, we find that subjects from the more developed coastal area are more individualistic and cooperative than are subjects from inland China.

Cost allocation of WCDMA and wholesale pricing for mVoIP and data services

This study estimates cost-based prices for wholesale voice and data services provided to 3G (WCDMA) MVNOs according to their distinct types. For estimation, 3G MVNOs are classified into different types, and the overall cost of WCDMA facilities are separated into voice and data components based on their subscriber rates, actual traffic rates, as well as efficiency consideration of traffic rates. The study then calculates cost-based wholesale prices of voice and data services for each of the 3G MVNO types. The result of this study shows that a cost-plus pricing scheme can help achieve the policy goals of the regulator, namely, lowering telecommunications tariffs and facilitating the introduction of new convergent-type services, far more effectively than the current retail-minus pricing scheme. The findings of this study may assist firms in developing business models based on 3G networks and telecom regulators in designing policies related to interconnection, mVoIP, prepaid calls, wholesale services, and network neutrality.     

电子产品的电磁兼容性设计

首先介绍电磁兼容性的基本概念与研究领域,然后重点阐述电子产品的电磁兼容性设计与测量。     

SPYRO在烯烃原料生产方案测算中的应用

文章对SPYRO裂解模拟软件在石化企业烯烃生产原料优化方案测算中的应用进行了比较深度的概括分析.结合该软件在上海石化的实际应用,认为在劣质化原油加工份额不断增加的趋势下,SPYRO裂解模拟软件有助于石化企业在烯烃生产原料优化选择、生产计划合理安排、原油加工生产效益比较等方面为企业相关决策者提供有效地帮助.     

施工企业工程项目部的建设浅论

工程项目的一次性决定了工程项目部的一次性，而工程项目成本中心与企业利润中心地位又辱致工程项目部的临时性，在工程项目实践过程中，项目经理部的一次性在实现其功能的过程中可能会产生很多局限和负面影响，故项目部应具有相对的稳定性，在此基础上，本对工程项目部建设实践进行了初步总结并提出了建议。     

面向对象的程序设计

用Ｃ＋ ＋ 语言阐述面向对象程序设计中封装和继承的概念以及在实际中怎样运用这些概念提高程序设计水平。     

European consumer preferences for beef with nutrition and health claims: A multi-country investigation using discrete choice experiments

The European Union (EU) nutrition labelling policy aims to facilitate consumers’ food choice, stimulate innovation and facilitate the circulation of foods bearing claims across countries. However, the beef industry has not fully taken advantage of utilizing nutrition and health claims based on the EU nutrition labelling policy to differentiate beef products in the market. This study investigates consumer preferences for nutrition and health claims on lean beef steak. Two choice experiments were conducted among 2400 beef consumers in four EU countries (Belgium, France, the Netherlands, United and United Kingdom). Multinomial logit and error component models were estimated. Our results generally suggest that consumer valuation of nutritional and health claims varies across countries. In Belgium, the Netherlands and France, nutrition and health claims on saturated fat yielded higher utilities than claims on protein and/or iron, while the opposite was found among consumers in the UK. The results imply that marketing opportunities related to nutrition and health claims on beef are promising, but that different nutritional marketing strategies are necessary within different countries.