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目前,纳米技术已成为全球关注的热点,世界各国都在抢先发展的纳米技术,并把纳米技术看作是保持国家在全球竞争优势的战略性技术,科学家预言,纳米技术将是21世纪前二十年的领导技术,纳米技术的发展将引发一场各行各业的产业革命,当然也将引发一场纺织产业革命,我国要在新世纪前叶建设纺织强国,应抢先发展纳米纺织产业。 相似文献
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跟踪纳米技术迎接石化纳米材料新纪元 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一提起纳米,人们便顺口说出纳米科学、纳米技术、纳米材料和纳米时代等等。有人讲,人类将进入网络时代;也有人讲,人类将进入生物时代或基因时代;更有人讲,人类将确定无疑地进入纳米时代。对于纳米时代,有人说,还相当遥远;有人说,正在向我们走来;也有人说,纳米时代就在我们身边。那么,究竟什么是纳米?什么是纳米技术?纳米技术和石油化工有什么关系?请记住美国一个研究机构的话:“任何一个经营材料的公司,如果现在还不采取措施研究开发纳米材料,今后在竞争中必定处于劣势。” 相似文献
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纳米是一个计量单位,一纳米等于百万分之一毫米.相当于3到5个原子的直径。或是人类头发直径的5万分之一。在100纳米以下的微小结构中对物质进行研究处理的技术称为纳米技术。纳米技术是20世纪80年代末迅速发展起来的一门交叉性前沿学科,它使人们能够在原子、分子水平上制造材料及器件,从而将引 相似文献
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纳米复合包装材料的高阻隔性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
一、前言众所周知,纳米技术是国际上最近10年以来开发的一项高新技术,它在很多科学技术领域中都得到了极大的关注,其应用前景十分看好。尤其是纳米技术应用于材料工程领域,更是方兴未艾,成绩斐然。所谓纳米材料,就是用晶粒尺寸为1~100纳米(1纳米=10-9米)的晶体构成的材料,由于晶粒尺寸比常规材料的晶粒细微得多,因而在其晶界上原子数多于晶粒内部的原子数,这样就赋于纳米材料以许多特殊的优异性能。与常规材料相比,除了具有极佳的机械力学性能以外,纳米材料还呈现出更好的物化性能,包括光电性能,电磁性能和热学性能等。因此,… 相似文献
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1前言
纳米材料是一种全新的超微固体材料,一般将粒径小于100nm的微粒称为“纳米微粒”。由于纳米材料的超细化及较大的高活性表面,使得该类材料比传统材料有许多优越性。作为现代高新技术研究的热点之一,纳米技术在纺织工业上也同样有着广阔的应用前景。纳米技术在制造纺织新原料、改善织物功能,如抗紫外线和红外线、抗老化、高强耐磨、抗静电、抗菌、自清洁等方面,都有着较大的开发价值和发展前途。 相似文献
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一、纳米技术概述纳米nanometernm10-9m,用符号表示为nm,纳米等于十亿分之一米,千分之一微米,大约是三四个原子的宽度。从微米科技到纳米科技,是科学发展的必然结果,但不是简单的延伸,在0.1纳米到100纳米之间度量单位上,物质的物理和结构特性都发生了从量变到质变的变化,纳米科学就是20世纪80年代末期建立在这一微小度量区间的技术。纳米技术nanotecnnology是一个含义极其丰富的术语,它本身还包含着丰富的哲学内涵。它的基本涵义是在纳米尺寸10-10-10-7m尺度空间内认识和改… 相似文献
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纳米水性柔版印刷油墨的研制 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
1 引言 自二十世纪末以采,纳米材料作为新型功能材料引起了学术界的极大关注和积极探索,在短短几年内,纳米材料的研究和应用遍及各行各业。经过世界各国科学家的不懈努力,对纳米材料所特有的小尺寸效应、表面和界面效应、量子尺寸效应和宏观量子隧道效应等特征的认识和表征建立了 相似文献
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Nurettin Sahin Emel Ekli 《International Journal of Technology and Design Education》2013,23(4):867-881
The present study investigates awareness, factual knowledge, opinions, and risk perceptions of students from Turkish middle schools with regard to nanotechnology in a very general sense. The study was carried out among 1,396 middle school 6th, 7th, and 8th grade students. The students’ perceptions of and opinions about nanotechnology were elicited through a questionnaire developed by the authors. Students have some awareness of nanotechnology and most students had positive emotions and opinions about it. Students’ risk perceptions of nanotechnology and the influence of the demographic and affective domain, achievement in science courses, and science motivation on these perceptions were also investigated. The results show that, for gender, no significant difference was observed. However, for some of the demographic and affective domain factors, and achievement in science courses, significant differences were found. 相似文献
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离子液体在纳米材料制备方面具有很多优势,为纳米材料的制备开辟了一条新的途径。目前,研究者已经在离子液体中制备出了零维、一维和二维纳米材料。文章就近年来国内外相关研究进展,对离子液体在无机纳米材料合成中的应用进行综述。 相似文献
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纳米材料及其在功能性纺织品中的应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
纳米材料与技术是当今世界研究和开发的热点,纳米材料的优异性能使其在纺织领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文综述了国内外纳米材料与技术的发展概况,以及纳米材料不同于常规材料的性能,列举了纳米材料与技术在加工功能性纤维、功能性纺织品以及纳米纤维的制备等方面的应用,对纳米材料应用技术的发展方向提出了建议。 相似文献
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在介绍含醛树脂抗皱整理利弊的同时,重点提出了对此负面影响的几点应对措施:倡导研究和使用无甲醛和低甲醛整理剂,采用生物技术、纳米技术、水蒸气闪爆技术等新技术,可提高纺织品的安全性,并提醒人们提高使用和穿着纺织品的安全意识。 相似文献
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Norsuzieanah Halil Risza Rusli Mardhati Zainal Abidin Shahrulnizam Jamen Faisal Khan 《Process Safety Progress》2022,41(Z1):S84-S97
Nanomaterials are known to cause biological effects to humans through various routes of exposure such as injection, intravenous, oral, and inhalation. The risk analyses through conventional qualitative or semi-quantitative approaches, such as control banding tools with limited safety data, and information on the risks posed by nanomaterials, have created uncertainties in decision-making by various stakeholders. Therefore, an integrated Nanomaterial Risk (NanoRisk) framework that incorporates the Bayesian Network (BN) model, control banding, and process parameters focusing on humidity, the mass of nanomaterials, and operating temperatures was developed to assess the hazards of nanomaterials and their potential biological effects to human health as a result of exposure. The proposed risk assessment was applied to nanomaterials used in the paint and coating industry (nano-silica, nano-titanium, and nano-silver), and the nodes of the BN model were constructed from physiochemical properties, biological effects, routes of exposure, and types of studies extracted from published data. The flexible analytic approach of the BN model allows for a valuable prediction of hazard exposure towards nanomaterials, thus facilitating decision-making. Furthermore, the integrated framework proposes suitable control measures to reduce the hazard exposure according to the hazard level at different modes of operation. The distinctive feature of NanoRisk demonstrates comprehensive analysis and results that are comparable with previously developed methods. 相似文献
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Incumbent firms are often thought to focus on incremental innovations and only respond to a major technological change once its impact on established markets and/or dominant designs becomes clear. We argue, however, that incumbent firms have many reasons to proactively invent early in cycles of technological change. Our interest is in the strategies that allow incumbents to be successful in this endeavor during the infancy of an emerging field—the period before it is clear how the field will affect dominant designs. Our evidence counters the stereotypical view that incumbent firms play a passive role in major technological changes by adhering to incremental inventions in the existing dominant designs. Rather, we find significant inventions by incumbents outside the existing dominant designs and relate their success to their willingness to search novel areas, explore scientific knowledge in the public domain, and form alliances with a balanced portfolio of partners. We find support for our hypotheses using data from the global semiconductor industry between 1989 and 2002. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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纺织染整技术在我国有着悠久的历史,随着社会的变化和人们消费水平的提高,对纺织品的数量和质量要求越来越高,染整工艺与设备也在不断地进行创新与改造,在这一过程中,染整工艺技术与设备性能在不断提高,染整工艺与设备也由传统式染色方法正在向高效、节能减排、环保三方面迅速发展。 相似文献
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以长庆油田采油一厂招安作业区为例,论述了占整个作业区生产成本费用3%~5%油管杆、抽油泵,更换数量多、报废率高的原因,提出了如何提高旧废油管杆、抽油泵的利用率,降低油井生产成本的建议和方法,从而促进节约型和环境友好型企业建设可持续发展。 相似文献
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并购重组是钢铁产业发展的必然趋势。运用SWOT分析法对中国钢铁产业并购重组的优势、劣势、机遇、威胁进行了分析,得出中国钢铁产业并购重组应在政府的宏观调控下,以发挥市场主体的作用为主,实现资源优化配置,最终提高钢铁产业整体竞争力的结论。 相似文献