全球价值链分工背景下的区域竞争优势

在全球价值链分王环境中，区域竞争优势将不再单纯由区域产出规模或创新能力等宏观因素来决定，而是来源于价值链全球范围内分离与整合的空间价值再发现过程。此时，区域竞争优势赖以增强的资源条件、目标与路径都发生了重大的转变。应发挥区域竞争优势，优化竞争策略，加快地方产业集群的升级，增强区域经济整合能力和区域聚集能力。     

集群企业竞争优势研究综述

本文在对产业集群竞争优势的主流观点回顾的基础上,着重于微观的角度,对集群企业的竞争优势的研究现状进行了梳理和总结,指出集群企业的竞争优势来自下面几方面:资源优势、成本优势、专业化优势、区位营销优势、社会资本优势和创新优势.在文章最后,对产业集群竞争优势进行了总结,并分析了其不足之处.     

论企业集群的竞争优势

企业竞争逐步从过去注重单个企业的发展战略，向企业联盟以及企业集群战略演化，企业集群通过协同效应所显现的竞争优势，不仅日益备受关注，而且集群战略已成为企业，区域发展的重要模式，本文首先简介企业集群概念，接着从直接经济要素和非直接经济要素两个方面分析集群的竞争优势，前者包括生产成本优势，基于质量基础的产品差异化优势，区域营销优势，市场竞争优势四个方面，后者体现在区域创新能力上。     

浙江产业集群的动力机制--基于企业家的视角

企业家对产业集群发展演变的影响不仅表现为其企业自身较好的经济绩效，更重要的是他们对地方主体产生的直接或间接的作用。浙江集群的案例表明，一方面，地方企业家的行为引发外部效应(即示范效应和竞争效应)，激励地方持续创新；另一方面，地方企业家通过创建地方产业网络，重新配置地方要素资源，并促进资源、技术与信息在整个地区的流动与传递。地方企业家联盟亦是重要的网络关系，可能导致竞争势力的强弱交替，并引发地区市场结构改变。内外企业家联盟(尤其是与海外投资商的联盟)是推动集群纵深演进的另一重要网络关系，他们共同推动集群技术水平提升、增强集群品牌效益，并引发浙江集群系统效应。     

基于资源整合观的企业战略重构

资源整合是运用科学方法对不同来源、不同层次、不同结构、不同内容的资源进行综合和集成，实施再建构，使企业个体资源与组织资源、传统资源与新资源、内部资源与外部资源经过整合提升而形成新的资源体系。在界定新资源的内涵及其特征的基础上，提出了基于资源整合的竞争优势理论，阐述了企业如何通过有效的资源整合来重构企业战略，旨在提升企业竞争力、增强企业可持续竞争优势。     

论汽配产业集群跨越发展的新途径

汽配产业集群是指在汽车后市场流通（产业）领域相互关联的企业及支撑体系，在一定区域内大量集聚发展，并形成具有持续竞争优势的经济群落。汽配产业集群以及汽车后市场流通业是现代服务的重要一脉属其范畴，许多地区与政府把促进汽配产业集群作为城市名片、品牌和经济支柱来定位。如：浙江温州地区的瑞安市、台州地区的玉环县等等，称之为中国“汽摩之都、汽配基地”。     

山东纺织服装企业实施竞争优势战略的理性思考

经济全球化背景下,一国的国际竞争力强弱不仅取决于反映其先天资源禀赋的比较优势,更取决于也能反映其后天形成的创新能力的竞争优势。分析山东纺织服装企业发展现状,具有一定的比较优势,但竞争优势明显不足。为此,实施"竞争优势"战略,加快品牌创新,构建产业集群,注重协作创新,加快比较优势向竞争优势的转化,应是山东纺织服装企业提升国际竞争力的战略选择。     

产业集群竞争优势理论分析

产业集群是现代经济中一类重要的产业间新的组织形式,其强劲的竞争优势成为了国家或地区竞争力的重要来源.学术界对产业集群竞争优势展开了多视角的研究,本文综述和归纳了众多的产业集群竞争优势理论,认为各种理论对产业集群的竞争优势主要是从集群产业集聚、集群组织与生产方式、集群创新三个方面进行分析的.     

进一步提升浙江产业集群竞争优势对策分析

产业集群强劲的竞争优势已成为了国家或地区竞争力的重要来源之一.浙江产业集群在国内市场上具有较为明显的竞争优势,但同时由于其仍处于成长和完善的时期,在发展中还存在诸多问题,并没有完全形成坚实稳固的竞争优势.本文试图从产业集群中的企业和地方政府两方面探讨如何进一步完善和提升浙江产业集群竞争优势.     

智利葡萄酒产业集群的发展分析

智利葡萄酒产业已经成为世界产业发展的一颗明星,她的发展特色主要表现为地域集中所形成的产业集群.本文介绍了智利葡萄酒产业集群的结构、发展历程等,从而归纳分析了智利葡萄酒产业集群的三大特征,反映了智利葡萄酒产业集群的竞争优势和可持续发展能力.     

Does firm performance reveal its own causes? the role of Bayesian inference

A central problem in strategic management is how the inference ‘sustainable competitive advantage generates sustainable superior performance’ can be put into practice. In this article we develop a theoretical framework to understand the causal relationships among (1) sustainable competitive advantage, (2) configuration, (3) dynamic capability, and (4) sustainable superior performance. We propose that a firm's competitive advantage, resource bundle configuration, and dynamic learning capability cannot be comprehended by outsiders. Its operational performance, however, can be captured by financial indicators. We promote an inductive Bayesian interpretation of the sustainable competitive advantage proposition. From this viewpoint, the presence or absence of competitive advantage may be reflected in the causal relationship between resource configuration, dynamic capability, and observable financial performance. We apply this theoretical framework to an example drawn from the global semiconductor industry, an area in which resource configuration and dynamic capability are essential to performance. The paper concludes with a summary of the proposed model and suggestions for future theoretical development of strategic management. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

保险公司价值链及经营要素分析

价值链是企业竞争优势分析的重要工具。引入价值链分析方法，有助于深入分析保险公司的竞争优势。从保险公司的经营活动特征出发，设计保险公司的价值链，有助于更加系统地分析保险公司的经营因素。以价值链为基础，保险公司包括16项基本经营要素：8项“资源与结构”类要素和8项“运营能力”类要素。这些经营要素通过不同的机制影响和决定着保险公司的竞争力，但是各项要素的作用机制并非均衡的。     

装备制造业集群耦合结构:一个产业集群研究的新视角

我国老工业基地的装备制造业集群一直游离于产业集群理论与实证研究之外，本文在国内外研究人员产业集群研究成果基础上，结合装备制造产业特点，提出耦合的研究视角。文章借鉴系统耦合的思想，把装备制造业集群要素间的经济联系和内在产业关联抽象为制造企业耦合、集群产业耦合以及区域社会网络耦合三层结构，构建装备制造业集群耦合结构；结合集群耦合度模型，研究装备制造业集群的耦合机理和影响集群要素耦合度的因素。并以沈阳装备制造业集群为例，分析沈阳装备制造业集群发展中存在的问题，相应提出促进集群要素耦合的对策。     

企业核心竞争力与管理优势浅析

企业核心竞争力是指企业所拥有的独特能力和优势。企业竞争能力体现在资本、人才、管理、技术、产品、成本、营销网络等方面的优势，其中，管理优势是核心优势，企业的竞争力归根到底是企业的管理优势。企业拥有的核心竞争力是其他各种优势得以发挥作用的联结点，是其可持续发展的根本。企业核心竞争力的培育在于管理素质，企业核心竞争力的关键在于管理好关键员工，企业核心竞争力的保持离不开战略管理。     

集群竞争力的动力机制以及实证分析

集群由于持续创新而显现的竞争优势，已经成为工业政策制定者的研究内容和模仿手段。为了揭示集群竞争优势背后的动力机制以及加强实施的可操作性，本文首先详细分析了集群的动力机制：基于社会资本的地域分工，外部经济，合作效率，技术创新与扩散，并分析其对应的竞争优势。然后，以嵊州领带产业集群为例，具体分析其动力机制，以及嵊州领带集群存在的问题，并提出相应的对策措施。     

Firm performance,rent appropriation,and the strategic resource divestment capability

Dynamic capabilities manifest the organizational capacity to purposefully create or modify the firm's resource base. In this paper, we consider resource divestment an important firm‐level resource management capability that manifests a two‐step organizational change routine. Firms must first be motivated to engage in resource divestment, and then decide which resources should be ‘sold off.’ In exploring this firm‐level capability, we employ factor market theory to consider the ‘seller side’ of the market, and provide a useful framework for conceptualizing how firms generate competitive advantage through resource divestment. We test our model of the resource divestment capability with a dataset of professional baseball franchises during the period 1969–83. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Value creation and value capture with frictions

We use a formal value‐based model to study how frictions—incomplete linkages in the industry value chain that keep some parties from meeting and transacting—affect value creation and value capture. Frictions arise from search and switching costs and moderate the intensity of industry rivalry and the efficiency of the market. We find that firms with a competitive advantage prefer industries with less, but not zero, frictions. We show that rivalry interacts nontrivially with other competitive forces to affect industry attractiveness. Firm heterogeneity emerges naturally when we introduce resource development. Heterogeneity falls with frictions, but the sustainability of competitive advantage increases. Overall, we show that introducing frictions makes value‐based models very effective at integrating analyses at the industry, firm, and resource levels. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Leaders’ social ties, knowledge acquisition capability and firm competitive advantage

Drawing on the relational and knowledge-based views of competitive advantage, this study links leaders?? social ties and knowledge acquisition capability to competitive advantage of a firm. Specifically, it posits that leaders?? business ties and government ties have differential effects on firm competitive advantage. It further posits that the effect of leaders?? business ties on firm competitive advantage will be positively moderated by knowledge acquisition capability, and the effect of leaders?? government ties on firm competitive advantage will be negatively moderated by knowledge acquisition capability. The hypotheses are tested based on a survey of 386 firms in China. The results provide support for the hypotheses.     

Strategic frameworks for understanding employer participation in school‐to‐work programs

The knowledge and skills inherent in human capital are increasingly recognized as the essence of competitive advantage. Extending the emerging literature on capability building, this paper explores the strategic decision of participating in school‐to‐work programs from the transaction cost and resource‐based view of the firm. Using data from a national sample, we find that both strategic perspectives help to explain decisions to participate in school‐to‐work activities. Our findings indicate that school‐to‐work programs and activities may be understood as interorganizational strategies from a transaction cost view and evidence of a firm's motivation to develop human capital to build competitive advantage from a resource‐based view. Implications for school‐to‐work public policy development in the United States and future research are identified. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Exploring the characteristics of the market-driven firms and antecedents to sustained competitive advantage

During the last few decades, identifying and examining the characteristics of market-driven firms have been a dominant theme in strategic marketing research. It has been argued that market-driven firms are superior in their market sensing and customer linking capabilities, enabling market-driven firms to outperform their competitors. This paper reports the findings of a study that examines the role market-focused learning capability and marketing capability in innovation-based competitive strategy on sustainable competitive advantage. The findings indicate that entrepreneurship is an important factor in sustained competitive advantage (SCA) and while market-focused learning capability leads to higher degrees of innovation, marketing capability enables SCA.