盈余管理与控制性大股东的"隧道行为"——来自配股公司的证据

我国上市公司处于大股东控制状态,在上市公司配股融资过程中,大股东具有通过盈余管理来获得配股资格和提高股票发行价格的强烈动机.本文以实施配股的上市公司为样本,基于行业横截面数据和修正的Jones模型研究了配股融资过程中盈余管理的分布特征,并分析了大股东控制下盈余管理行为带来的隧道效应.研究结果表明:(1)上市公司在配股前3个年度和配股当年存在显著的盈余管理机会主义行为,而配股后长期业绩趋于下降;(2)配股公司的盈余管理程度与第一大股东持股比例具有倒U型关系;(3)大股东的盈余管理行为导致了上市公司价值的下降.因此,大股东通过盈余管理实现了对小股东财富的掠夺效应,误导了外部投资者的决策,造成了上市公司资本配置效率、公司价值、声誉和后续融资能力的下降.     

上市公司非公允关联交易及其审计对策

我们国家上市公司与其控股股东或受控股股东控制的其他子公司之间的关系密切复杂。关联交易普遍存在于我国上市公司的日常经营业务中,而关联交易往往建立在非公允的基础之上,控股股东为了谋取控制权私利,通过不公平的关联交易转移上市公司利润,占用上市公司资金等,使得上市公司的持续经营能力受到严重威胁,损害了中小股东的利益,还将导致较高的审计风险。同时,这类不公允的关联交易事项具有较强的隐蔽性。文章将揭示非公允关联交易产生的原因,并在此基础上提出注册会计师审计的应对策略。     

上市公司关联交易的法律规制与监管

关联交易作为证券市场监管三大难题之一,一直是世界各国证券市场监管重点,但由于亚洲国家与地区与英美国家不同的所有制结构、股权结构及其公司治理,导致了亚洲的非公允关联交易盛行。因此,文章对中国十多年来上市公司关联交易进行了实证考察,通过分析我国上市公司关联交易的成因及新趋势新特点,从上市公司关联交易监管与法律规制的价值取向、政策策略、路径选择、公司治理及司法救济等角度提出了相应的法律规制及监管对策。     

我国上市公司非公允关联交易的经济后果及治理

关联交易在我国上市公司中占有很大的比重.对上市公司的业绩产生着重大影响.文章在分析非公允关联交易经济后果的基础上提出治理对策,以期对治理我国非公允关联交易有所帮助.     

上市公司关联交易若干问题的思考

由于我国目前资本市场尚且不够完善,关联交易制度缺乏规范程度,许多上市公司采用非公允的关联交易谋取不合法的利益,严重损害中小股东的利益。关联交易具有独特的两面性,一方面,上市公司可以通过与关联方进行关联交易以节约交易成本,能起到提升上市公司竞争力的作用;但由于关联交易缺乏公平的市场竞争环境,且具有隐蔽性,这成为了上市公司的控股股东进行利润操纵的常用手段,掏空上市公司,以实现实际控制人利益最大化为目标。文章通过对关联交易的动机、危害及形成原因进行分析,并就存在问题提出规范关联交易的政策建议。     

上市公司关联购销交易实证研究

关联购销交易是最重要的关联交易类型，占所有关联交易发生金额的60%。本详细分析了关联购销交易的现状、地区和行业差异，揭示了股权结构是导致公司进行关联购销交易的重要原因。同时，我们发现关联购销交易已经成为了利润操纵的重要手段，它帮助大量业绩濒临配股边缘的上市公司达到了配股要求的硬性指标。     

投资者是否被上市公司的盈余管理行为所误导?——来自配股融资的证据

为了获得配股资格和提高配股价格，上市公司具有通过调整异常应计利润来提升报告盈余的强烈动机。本文使用横截面修正的Jones模型研究了配股公司盈余管理的时间序列分布特征．并分析了异常应计利润与配股后运营业绩和股票长期收益的关系。研究结果表明，配股公司在配股前3个年度和配股当年都具有较高的异常应计利润，而配股后运营业绩和股票长期收益趋于下降，异常应计利润与配股后的股票长期收益具有显著的负相关关系。投资者由于没有能够及时“看穿”配股公司的盈余管理行为而暂时高估了股票价值，从而被上市公司的盈余管理行为所误导。     

谈关联交易转移价格信息披露问题的思考

关联交易是现代经济运行中普遍存在的一种交易行为.在信息不对称的情况下,由关联方构成的内部利益集团可能利用其对公司的控制力或影响力通过人为曲解交易条件、虚构或者转移企业利润等方式来操纵交易,谋取个人或小集团的不正当利益.本文主要对我国上市公司关联交易转移价格信息披露制度的现状及存在的问题进行分析,并对我国上市公司非公允关联交易的治理提出解决办法.     

警惕定向增发中的关联交易

上市公司向控股股东单独增发股份,并用以收购控股股东的资产,实质上是一种双重关联交易,可能在股票发行的两笔“买与卖”中,对中小股东造成双重侵害     

浅议上市公司关联交易隐形化及其治理对策

企业间的关联交易往往建立在非公允基础之上,因此常常会损害相关各方的利益.虽然新准则对关联交易的规定越来越具体和完善,但我国上市公司关联方交易问题却仍然严重.上市公司更多倾向于进行隐形化的关联交易,使关联交易非关联化.本文通过阐述关联交易的定义及隐性化的成因,分析上市公司关联交易隐形化的危害,结合我国相关法律制度,提出相应的治理对策.     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

区域工业产业竞争力指标体系的构建及其评价方法研究

文章通过建立省级区域工业产业竞争力评价指标体系,设计竞争力模型,利用SPSS统计软件,对各省工业产业竞争力进行了评价测定。     

文化传播中电视暴力对青少年侵犯行为的影响

伴随当代传媒产业的蓬勃发展,暴力也成为影视艺术基本的叙事类型及消费主义文化日趋盛行的现实语境。＂电视暴力＂是作为＂媒介暴力＂的一个子概念存在的;从文化传播看电视暴力,其覆盖面大,且易于接触;电视暴力对受众特别是青少年的影响巨大而深刻。要从制作者、传播者和观众三个方面的自律出发,建立适应我国国情的影视分级制。     

理性与先验的完美整合——论笛卡尔的"上帝"观

笛卡尔是西方近代主体性哲学的先驱,是近代唯理论学说的创始人,他使人们从中世纪宗教势力的禁锢中解放了出来.虽然"上帝"这个被人们视为理性最大敌人的概念在他的哲学中大量存在,但他极力证明上帝存在的最终目的却是为了证明理性的伟大;作为真理化身的上帝,归根到底是为他的理性主义服务的.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.