外包中的匹配问题研究

文章研究了外包提供方和外包承接方的匹配问题。当存在搜寻成本和调整成本时,外包提供方不仅仅考虑外包能够节约成本的功能,同时还需要考虑外包匹配过程中的成本。文章在二维欧式空间中建立一个数理模型对此问题进行了研究。     

外包中的匹配问题研究

文章研究了外包提供方和外包承接方的匹配问题.当存在搜寻成本和调整成本时,外包提供方不仅仅考虑外包能够节约成本的功能,同时还需要考虑外包匹配过程中的成本.文章在二维欧式空间中建立一个数理模型对此问题进行了研究.     

企业人才招聘中人与组织匹配的探讨——以武汉青山船厂为例

文章通过对武汉青山船厂企业招聘中的人与组织匹配状况进行调查,发现其在招聘中存在的一系列问题,并从招聘的各个环节提出了提高人与组织匹配水平的一些具有可操作性对策。     

信息技术-业务匹配研究述评——基于引文分析法北大核心CSSCISSCI

信息技术与企业业务之间的匹配,是当前信息系统研究领域的一个热点问题。本文运用引文分析法对当前该领域的研究成果进行了系统梳理,重点解读了35篇被引频次最高的有关信息技术-业务匹配的文献,探索了该领域研究的主要演进路径,从信息技术-业务匹配模型、维度及其测量、静态观和动态观研究等方面对现有相关研究进行了比较详细、系统的评介,最后在分析现有研究仍存在的不足之后有针对性地对未来研究进行了简要展望。     

搜寻匹配理论视角下的大学生就业与工资

近几年高校连续扩招，高校毕业生大规模产出，大学生群体已经从“精英”的圣坛上走向大众化，大学生就业形势日益严峻。通过探寻在中国特定的条件下，特别是不完全信息条件下毕业生与企业搜寻匹配过程中的策略选择，我们发现不完全信息条件下，毕业生们隐瞒偏好的行为并不是一个占优策略，反而显露出隐藏缺点、刻意包装的动机。     

组织创新、技术创新及二者交互匹配对企业绩效的动态影响研究——以高技术企业为例

从动态视角，深入探究组织创新与技术创新匹配关系对企业绩效影响的及时性和滞后性。具体通过构建由组织创新、技术创新、二者交互匹配与企业绩效四个变量组成的SVAR模型，通过检验表明不同变量间存在长期的均衡与因果关系。进一步运用脉冲响应分析和预测方差分解法，深入剖析不同变量间的长期动态影响关系。研究结果表明，企业绩效在短期内受自身一定程度的影响，技术创新对企业绩效的正向影响具有及时性和持续性，组织创新对企业绩效却产生滞后与深远的正向效应，而二者交互匹配对企业绩效的影响具有及时性和持续性。长期来看，三者分别对企业绩效产生动态、持续的正向效应，组织创新与技术创新分别对企业绩效的贡献度趋于一致，确保二者协调、有效匹配，共同带动企业绩效的持久、稳定增长。     

小微企业人力资源管理与企业战略契合匹配研究

文章对小微企业人力资源管理存在的问题及原因进行了分析,提出战略性人力资源管理的核心和企业获取竞争优势的来源都是战略的契合匹配,并从健全企业人力资源管理与战略契合匹配的规划,将战略思想落实到人力资源管理的所有模块和加强企业文化建设等方面提出小微企业人力资源管理与企业战略契合匹配的实现途径。     

基于商业体系的创新模式研究

本文简要介绍了六种典型的商业体系及其特征,从不确定性、用户、组织能力、知识属性和复杂性角度归纳出五种典型的创新模式,探讨了商业体系与创新模式间可能存在的匹配关系。本研究对处于特定环境中的企业有效运用创新模式具有一定的指导意义。     

基于可雇佣性视角的高校人才培养与人才市场需求匹配对策研究——以天津市为例

高校人才培养与人才市场需求的数量、质量和结构匹配是我国高等教育人才培养、服务社会功能实现的重要前提。本文结合天津市高校人才培养的实际,基于可雇佣性视角提出高校人才培养与人才市场匹配的对策体系。该对策体系从政府、高校和企业的三元主体出发,从整合优势资源,构建三方联动的匹配平台、创新政策体系,优化天津市人才环境、改革高校教学模式,提升人才的可雇佣性技能水平、优势互补,强化校企合作方面探讨高校人才培养与人才市场需求匹配的实现途径,以期为推进天津市高等教育改革、实现社会服务功能提供有益的建议和参考。     

价值观匹配对员工应对组织变革的影响研究：多个模型的比较

以往探讨员工应对组织变革的研究忽视了组织环境中一些长期稳定的因素,也缺乏从人与环境交互的角度来考虑员工的行为策略.文章试图探索个人—组织价值观匹配对员工应对组织变革的影响,并考虑员工变革承诺在这一影响过程中的作用.来自总共297份问卷的数据分析结果表明,价值观匹配能够显著影响员工应对变革的策略选择,而员工变革承诺则在这一影响过程中起部分中介作用.这一结论提醒企业的管理者可以通过预社会化和社会化的策略提高员工与组织的价值观匹配,以引导员工在变革中的应对策略选择.     

Time preference and two-country trade

We present a dynamic two-country model of international trade with endogenous time preference. We show that if the two countries have similar preferences, production technologies and labor endowments, there exists a unique and stable steady state such that both consumption and investment goods are produced in both countries. Unlike the case of constant time preferences, the steady state is independent of the initial international distribution of capital. We prove a dynamic Heckscher–Ohlin theorem such that the labor-abundant country exports the labor-intensive good.     

The Stability of Social Preferences in a Low‐Income Neighborhood

We investigate whether social preferences are stable across contexts using a field population of low‐income Americans. We develop and demonstrate a simplified, visually‐based experimental methodology appropriate for this population. We show that choices in a laboratory public goods game predict giving in real donation experiments, as well as self‐reported donations and volunteering outside the lab. At the same time, choices vary systematically by individual characteristics and decision context. Thus, our results provide evidence both for an underlying stable social preference and for the role of context in influencing the expression of that preference.     

Cultural transmission, socialization and the population dynamics of multiple-trait distributions

This paper studies the population dynamics of multiple preference traits in a model of intergenerational cultural transmission. Parents socialize and transmit their preferences to their children with endogenous intensities. Populations concentrated on a single cultural group are in general not stable. There is a unique stable stationary distribution, and it supports two or more cultural groups, in particular those with greater intolerance with respect to others' traits. The larger the heterogeneity of intolerance levels across cultural groups, the smaller the number of traits that are supported in the stable stationary distribution.     

When do stable matching mechanisms fail? The role of standardized tests in Chinese college admissions

In this paper, we investigate matching problems where priorities and preferences are misaligned. In the case of centralized Chinese college admissions, students are matched based on their test scores in standardized tests, a noisy realization of their aptitudes due to measurement errors. We show that in this case any matching mechanism that is stable with respect to score is not stable with respect to aptitude. The resulting instability leads to colleges' incentive to participate in early admissions (zizhu zhaosheng), a form of market unraveling. However, a manipulable mechanism such as the Immediate Acceptance mechanism, combined with limited information about priorities, may succeed in mending this market failure. We then design and conduct a laboratory experiment where we compare the performance of two mechanisms (the Immediate Acceptance mechanism and the Deferred Acceptance mechanism), under two timing conditions of the submission of students' rank-ordered lists of colleges (before the exam and after the exam), using a two-stage matching market design with the possibility of early offers. In the experiment, a significant level of market unraveling occurred under mechanisms that are not stable with respect to aptitude, confirming theoretical predictions. We also find that the Immediate Acceptance mechanism under pre-exam submission condition significantly reduces such unraveling.     

Preference erosion and the developing countries exports to the EU: a dynamic panel gravity approach

The erosion of preferences due to multilateral tariff reductions is a long-standing concern for many developing countries. This paper focuses on the erosion of the preferences granted by the EU in the rice industry. Since 2004 there has been a sharp decrease in border protection for the EU rice industry. Because the EU grants trade preferences to a considerable number of rice exporting developing countries, the reform implied preference erosion as well. By addressing the impact of preference erosion on developing countries rice exports to the EU, this paper contributes two original insights to the literature: first, by proposing a new empirical approach to compute the preference margin when tariff rate quotas are in force which is based on the assumption of the existence of fixed costs and economies of scale in international trade; second, by estimating the trade elasticities of preferences by means of a dynamic panel gravity equation to deal with the issues of endogeneity of preferences and persistency in bilateral trade flows. The results show that the way preference margins are calculated matters significantly when assessing the existence and extent of their erosion and the values of trade elasticities. Finally, the estimations highlight the fact that the impact of preferences is still very strong for some of the countries concerned.     

留守儿童的竞争偏好:基于自我竞争的视角

儿童的竞争偏好是一种重要的非认知能力,对儿童早期人力资本形成至关重要。已有研究发现,在社会竞争（与他人竞争）情境中,留守儿童和非留守儿童存在竞争偏好差异。文章基于实地实验,从自我竞争的视角进一步探讨留守儿童的竞争偏好。结果表明：在自我竞争情境中,留守儿童和非留守儿童之间无论是在竞争偏好方面,还是在为自己设定任务目标方面,都没有显著差异。这意味着,父母缺席主要影响儿童的社会竞争态度,对儿童挑战自我或自我提升的意愿影响并不显著。在不涉及社会交往的竞争时,留守儿童和非留守儿童一样具有较高的进取心。     

Analysis of Farmers' Preferences for Development Intervention Programs: A Case Study of Subsistence Farmers from East Ethiopian Highlands

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to better understand farmers' perception of the relevance of different development intervention programs. Farmers' subjective ranking of agricultural problems and their preference for development intervention are elicited using a stated preference method. The factors influencing these preferences are determined using a random utility model. The study is based on a survey conducted in the Hunde‐Lafto area of the East Ethiopian Highlands. Individual interviews were conducted with 145 randomly selected farm households using semi‐structured questionnaires. The study suggests that drought, soil erosion and shortage of cultivable land are high priority agricultural production problems for farmers. Low market prices for farm products and high prices of purchased inputs also came out as major problems for the majority of farmers. Farmers' preferences for development intervention fall into four major categories: market, irrigation, resettlement, and soil and water conservation. Multinomial logit analysis of the factors influencing these preferences revealed that farmer's specific socio‐economic circumstances and subjective ranking of agricultural problems play a major role. It is also shown that preferences for some interventions are complementary and need to be addressed simultaneously. Recognition and understanding of these factors, affecting the acceptability of development policies for micro level implementation, will have a significant contribution to improve macro level policy formulation.     

Risk preference and efficiency in Chinese banking

This paper aims to measure banking efficiency by considering risk preferences in 49 Chinese commercial banks during the period of 2004–2012. It adopts a method which allows for endogenous classification of three risk preferences, namely the conservative, moderate and aggressive risk modes, by changing direction vectors. Banking efficiency is measured on the basis of optimal risk preference. The findings show that the moderate risk preference is the most appropriate strategy to achieve technical efficiency in the Chinese banking sector. However, the aggressive risk preference involving low risk costs, compulsory credit spreads and scale expansion played a critical role in promoting the development of Chinese banking sector, but its effect decreased rapidly. The findings also imply that the average technical efficiency scores of joint stock commercial banks and city commercial banks were higher than those of state-owned commercial banks under the optimal risk preference, and that the measured efficiency mainly shows a trend of improvement over time.     

民营企业引入职业经理过程中的逆向选择问题

现有文献还没有对我国民营企业的家族化运作给出令人满意的经济学解释。本文应用逆向选择和动态匹配模型对民营企业引入职业经理的过程进行分析，尝试从经济学角度给出一个对家族制度的解释。分析表明，家族化是有关职业经理能力和忠诚度信息不对称的一个均衡，该均衡导致企业管理退化到“封闭”的家族模式。而雇主与经理人之间的互动信息揭露有助于改善这一均衡，一定程度上实现双方的“双赢”匹配。本文据此提出了一些对策建议。     

城镇居民的大学教育收益率估计:倾向指数匹配方法

本文利用全国综合社会调查数据(CGSS2003),首先使用Probit模型估计了个体上大学的概率,然后运用倾向指数匹配方法估计了2002年我国城镇居民的大学教育收益率.Probit估计结果表明家庭背景及地区对个人上大学的概率具有显著影响.匹配方法估计结果显示,大学毕业相对于高中毕业的教育收益率在79.1%以上,年均超过19.8%.传统的OLS方法估计的大学教育收益率仅为56.1%,低于匹配方法的估计结果.另外,高中组个体的潜在大学教育收益率可能高于大学组的大学教育收益率.