The Talent Resource Plan and Policymaking Research on the Major Cities in the West of China ——Taking Xi＇an City of China as an Example

It points out that talent resource development has an important influence on the development of west region. But the phenomenon that talents are idle and wasted is very outstanding in each province and cities of the west. The paper analyzes the meaning of the concept the coordinated development of talents and economy is of special significance for China, reviews the latest development of the theory and practice of regional talent plan and points out the principles, methods and countermeasures of coordinated development based on regional talent plan. Finally, it does positive research by taking Xi＇an as an example.     

Introduction

In today‘s world, new technology revolution characterizing as information technology is in the ascendant. It is a strategic demand that we should energetically develop software industry and base the national economy and society on information technology so as to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and narrow the digital gap. In recent years, the Chinese government has vigorously carried out a developing program for high-tech industry, therefore a new lot of software bases and special software incubators have been constructed which in turn push forward a rapid development of software industry.     

International Environmental Management and Sustainability

Human well-being and the conditions of development depend on the necessary resources of environment.Follow the development of society and economy,it has been proposed that the issues of environment in governments.Moreover,Global warming is one of the most serious problems which human beings are facing today.So,Governments and enterprise all over the world have been concerning about the principal reason for Global warming that carbon emission.     

China＇s Regional Disparity and Its Policy Responses

The fruits of China＇s rapid economic development over the 3 decades have not been distributed fairly across different regions. Using data from a sample of 815 Chinese listed firrns during 1998-2004, our error-correction investment model showes evidence of different financial constraints on firms＇ investment in different regions. We argue that China＇s regional development policies have contributed greatly to the regional inequalities. To control the rising inequality, China has shifted its focus from the coast to the interior regions. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult for the government to direct the economy, as market mechanisms now have afar greater influence on the economy than the government does. The people-centered approach of the current leadership has meant that substantial attention has been placed on regional development disparities in an attempt to build a ＂harmonious society. ＂ China needs further extensive reforms if all the measures for reducing regional disparity are to be effective.     

The 21st-century Nation-State in an Era of Globalization

It is generally acknowledged that the mainstream of the world today is peace and development. And the current global trend is economic globalisatlon, political multi-polarization and cultural pluralism all of which result in the regional integration. Economic globalisatlon, the most significant feature in the 21st-century, has a substantial impact on the modem state, Undoubtedly, globalisation has become the impetus of the progress of the human society. However, the contemporary state is inevitably faced with severe challenges from the increasing globaliAatlon, The state sovereignty has been gradually eroded as a result of the globulized economy. This essay intends to clarify the economic, polhleal and cultural changes of contemporary state sovereignty in the globalized world. Then, main similarities and differences between modern state and traditional state will be analyzed in a detailed way based on these three main aspects.     

Socialism Market Economy： Innovations on the Way Which Brings China to Prosperity

Only when a country creates a unique market economy pattern that is suitable for its own, will it be able to head for prosperity. China has created its socialist market economy pattern. From the history of the social development pattern of major countries and areas in the world, this paper expounds and proves the scientific character of innovations on the way which brings China into prosperity; forecasts and differentiates China＇s three development stages in the future according to the appraisal index; and finally concludes that in order to complete the first stage, that is the transforming transition period, transformation of four patterns must be done.     

Economic Cooperation Organization Member Countries＇ Economic Development： The Importance of Assessing Technoparks

Advanced technologies in the world, especially in the last quarter century of rapid change, radical innovation were required to compete in important decisions, triggered by the national network of cooperation structures which is a very significant changes in participates in the regional country or new technology generation and transfer systems to be released; starting from the most basic research on the effect of knowledge production, commercialization, distribution of the total well-being of society is an important dating ＂shining knowledge value chain＂. This important change has become the main formative element of the economies. Recent advances in the knowledge economy and the resulting new strategic theories, knowledge, technology transfer, and increased mobility at the long distances, the concept of regional development is a brand new technological cooperation aims and information focusing on the transformation processes of growth of the economies of developed nations, which is the most important technological innovation in the vision of the economic development advanced plays an important role, evolving processes trigger in all aspects of the right to read most threats and opportunities that might be the best analysis, by passing the appropriate policies for countries in their visions, and entrusted a vital importance. In this context, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Yajikistan, Yurkmenistan, and Uzbekistan in addition to research, technology development and production partner countries＇ and these countries sharing innovation structures with R＆D Center in technoparks and to serve together in the development of the total synergies ＂of the economic cooperation organization＂.     

On the coordinated development of tertiary vocational education and regional economy

This paper analyzes the relationship between tertiary vocational education and regional economic development and stresses that strengthening tertiary vocational education to train a large number of talents is a key strategy for successful regional economic development. This paper also puts forward that the development of tertiary vocational education must be coordinated with the regional economy.     

Regional Incentives to Increase the Competitiveness of a Renewable Energy Business Cluster in a Small Island Like Corsica （France）

Renewable energy （RE） has grown to become part of mainstream economics, industry, and energy. The process started in the wake of oil shortages amid the 1970s energy crisis, when the major industrial countries of the world sought out an array of energy security strategies. Diversifying energy import-export trade, restructuring GDP, and increasing and backing home-sourced offers are all basic essential measures that different countries have adopted to different degrees in an effort to reduce dependency on imported oil. The last of these measures counts RE as a vector of local generation. The past decade has seen the RE sector really take off, driven by now well-structured industries starting to mobilize now-mature technologies. This developmental shift towards RE has been framed by different policy measures that nevertheless share the same core rationale climate change. Among the pro-renewables policies adopted by France, the deployment of competitive clusters has proved an effective tool for leveraging the growth of renewables. Business clusters are geographically-concentrated economic structures assuring the often tenuous link between efficient national industrial policy .efforts and regional planning and branding issues. From this perspective, the logic of synergy by connecting global to local issues remains to be created around a new paradigm： regional attractiveness/place branding. In today＇s fast-globalizing world, the much-hyped concept of place branding has become critical for regions in fierce global competition to capture and secure geographically-mobile investment. In this context, promoting and attracting inward investment is a multidimensional challenge where business clusters have a pivotal role to play. Corsica, a small island economy, represents a case-in-point target of analysis through its long-standing plan for the regional and sustainable development of Corsica （French decentralization policy on Corsica under the law dated 22 January 2002） and the CAPENERGIES business cluster a key l     

Game analysis on enterprise technological innovation

In 21^st century, the world economy has developed to a brand-new stage, and enterprises competition has formed a new trend. At the same time, technological innovation has already become the most important foundation of the core enterprise competitiveness. In China, there are more than 22 million enterprises with different scales. Although they contribute a lot to the economic development of China, their survival and development meet gigantic challenges in the intense international competition. Therefore, it is vitally significant seeks the impulse of technological innovation and enhances the international competitiveness in order that the enterprise can make the new contribution to Chinese economic development. Through describing the present enterprises＇ scale, quantity and contribution, this paper puts forward the game question of studying technological innovation motives and costs in enterprises with different scales. Based on examples, it analyzes advantages and disadvantages of large, medium and small-sized enterprises to take technological innovation, finds out i.he Nash equilibrium between static games and infinitely repeated games, and draws the conclusion that technological innovation is necessary for medium and small-sized enterprises keeping their existence in drastic competitive market, and the large innovation is the great impulse pushing economic development. In the drastic international competition, it is very urgent for enterprises with different scales to establish and implement effective development strategy of technological innovation. The paper not only brings forward that large, medium and small-sized enterprises should adopt co-petition strategies in technological area, associating complementary and benefit from each other in order that they can achieve innovative corporation, specialization, formalization and standardization, but considers the associated innovation with win-win target. The inevitable best choice keeping different scale enterprises continually develop in the future.     

“湾区经济”与东亚湾区城市经济合作——“上东首”自贸区的构建

中国经济的发展,在不同的阶段体现出不同的区域布局特征,区域布局的优化与升级推动着中国经济的发展。目前,中国的区域布局正在进行新一轮的优化与升级,由内陆、流域、"三角"的布局向境外、海洋、"湾区"延伸,即由珠三角、长三角、京津冀向粤港澳、沪宁杭、黄渤海三个大湾区延伸——中国的区域布局进入"湾区时代"。而不同的区域布局又与不同形式的开放联系在一起。粤港澳大湾区的开放延伸到境外——港澳,而沪宁杭、黄渤海两大湾区则应根据其自身的区位和地缘优势推动形成新的开放格局。经济发展提出了新的深度国际合作的需要,在新近签署的RCEP协定基础上推出RCEP+中日韩(1+3),推进中日韩自由贸易区协定签署,同时,构建上(海)东(京)首(尔)"金三角"城市自由贸易区,再将整个沪宁杭、黄渤海城市群纳入整个东亚湾区开放体系,作为"东亚合作的战略承载区和先行区",将会形成亚太地区以至整个世界经济新的增长极,并对世界的产业链和供应链产生深刻影响,有助于带动世界经济走出低迷状态。     

地方产业集群的国际化发展策略研究——以永康五金产业集群为例

产业集群作为促进中小企业发展的战略,在区域经济发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用。随着经济全球化和我国对外开放的进一步深化,如何使产业集群国际化发展便成为集群经济研究的焦点之一。文章以永康五金产业集群为例,在分析其国际化发展现状的基础上,提出其国际化发展的五个策略：即主动国际化策略、加速企．3k4：4新策略、实施集群品牌策略、发挥政府的引导、扶持和协调作用策略以及优化投资的经济文化环境策略。     

海洋科技创新驱动区域经济增长影响效应分析

海洋经济被视为引领世界经济发展的新引擎.基于结构方程模型在经济学领域分析复杂关联因素中的优势,采用偏最小二乘结构方程模型研究海洋科技创新能力、蓝色经济发展和区域经济发展之间的关联效应,分析海洋科技与经济发展之间的内在作用机理.实证研究表明:海洋科技创新能力对蓝色经济发展具有显著的直接促进作用;引入蓝色经济作为中介变量形成传导路径,科技创新能力对驱动区域经济发展具有间接效应及明显的总体作用.     

Responsibilities of China after Accession to the WTO

China became a full member of the WTO on 11 December 2001. China has not only increased its presence in mainstream world trade but has gained knowledge about the basic rules of market economies and become more adaptable to changes in the international economy. As a new member of the WTO, being adaptable to changes in the international economy is essential. As a large developing country, China, with its rapid economic growth, huge volume of trade and substantial market potential, has exerted and will continue to exert profound influence on the world economy. It is commonly recognized that China's influence cannot be ignored in the world economy. Five years since its accession to the WTO, China is considering where it stands as a member of the WTO. What does China hope to achieve by being a member of the WTO, how can these hopes be shared among all trading partners, what is China's responsibility in this, and what are the responsibilities of other trading partners?     

加强国际区域经济合作 提升开放型经济水平

国际区域经济合作已经成为当前经济全球化发展的主流趋势,加强国际区域经济合作已经是大势所趋。本文深入分析了我国参与国际区域经济合作的国际国内背景和存在的不足,在此基础上提出了我国参与国际区域经济合作的政策建议。     

海洋经济与江苏沿海经济发展的战略思考

从当前主要沿海国家海洋经济战略态势的视角,对中国海洋经济发展战略进行观察和解析：全球海洋经济快速发展,成为世界经济增长的重要组成部分和新的亮点;许多国家都把海洋开发定为基本国策,加紧调整或制定新的海洋战略和政策,加大海洋开发和管理力度,试图在未来的国际海洋竞争中抢占先机。从江苏沿海经济发展国家意义的层面,探讨江苏沿海经济发展战略的新取向：融入世界经济大格局,落实国家的海洋发展战略;填平沿海洼地,实现国家沿海经济版图连续完整;推动区域协调发展,促进国家生产力布局。     

数字经济与区域创新——基于融资和知识产权保护的角度

数字经济在中国经济中扮演着越来越重要的角色。文章构建了2011-2018年地级市数字经济发展的综合指标，以专利申请数量来量化区域创新产出，从融资和知识产权保护的角度，研究了数字经济对区域创新的影响。研究发现数字经济显著地促进了区域创新。在进行一系列稳健性检验及采用工具变量控制可能存在的内生性问题后，文章的研究结论依然成立。经济学意义上，数字经济发展水平提高1%，区域创新产出增加1.05%。机制检验发现，数字经济通过缓解创新面临的融资约束和提高知识产权保护水平来促进区域创新。进一步研究发现，数字经济对发明型创新、实用型创新和外观型创新都具有显著的促进作用；虽然数字经济的发展水平在东部和非东部地区存在较大的差异，但是数字经济与区域创新之间的关系在东部地区和非东部地区之间并不存在显著的差异。文章关于数字经济与区域创新之间的关系及其背后机制的研究对构建数字经济时代区域创新体系及实现国家创新驱动发展战略具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

Regional Trading Arrangements and Regional Integration

The formation of new or geographically expanded regional trading arrangements is one of the dominant trends in the world economy. This paper reviews the changing nature of regional trading arrangements. In the 1980s and 1990s a new generation of arrangements has gone much beyond the removal of border-trade barriers to the harmonization of non-border instruments such as national subsidies and commodity taxes, standards, business law regulations and competition policy. They also, in some cases, cover service trade and factor trade. These extensions beyond the scope of traditional customs unions and free trade areas pose new questions about the meaning of regional integration. This paper proposes a new definition of regional integration in terms of price convergence and looks at the extent of regional integration in East Asia.     

Regional Trading Arrangements and Regional Integration

The formation of new or geographically expanded regional trading arrangements is one of the dominant trends in the world economy. This paper reviews the changing nature of regional trading arrangements. In the 1980s and 1990s a new generation of arrangements has gone much beyond the removal of border-trade barriers to the harmonization of non-border instruments such as national subsidies and commodity taxes, standards, business law regulations and competition policy. They also, in some cases, cover service trade and factor trade. These extensions beyond the scope of traditional customs unions and free trade areas pose new questions about the meaning of regional integration. This paper proposes a new definition of regional integration in terms of price convergence and looks at the extent of regional integration in East Asia.     

区域经济一体化条件下我国行政区域联盟的思考与探索

随着世界经济全球化的发展,我国区域经济一体化程度在不断加深。经济体制日益深化,市场经济不断完善和成熟。与此同时,各级地方政府在上级考核的压力下,为了获取各自最大的经济利益,竞争也越来越激烈。经济一体化与行政壁垒（地方保护主义）的矛盾日益凸现。为消除经济竞争带来的影响,适应区域经济一体化发展的需要,文章提出设立行政区域联盟的建议,以协调各级地方政府的矛盾和冲突,确保经济平稳有序的发展,实现可持续发展的目标。