收益权踢开家族企业社会化之门

对于家族企业，人们一般总认为它落后，因为它的权力在家族中传承，任人惟亲。针对这种情况，人们往往认为，改变家族企业的落后状态．就是让它走向职业化管理，即实行“两权分离”，企业家族所有，职业经理人管理企业。这样，管理职业化似乎就可以逐渐地使企业的家族所有变为一具空壳，实际掌握企业的是职业经理人，家族对企业的控制只有表面的意义。     

职业经理人融入家族企业的障碍分析

家族企业是我国社会经济快速发展中的重要构成部分,职业经理人的人力资本融入传统家族企业是企业组织发展的大势所趋,也关乎家族企业的存续。在我国社会文化背景下,以经营权与家族控制权之间的冲突、垂直管理文化与现代组织管理之间的冲突和家族内部信任与人力资本融入的冲突为代表的文化制约因素,职业操守欠缺、激励机制不成熟为代表的职业经理人市场不成熟因素和相关配套制度建设不健全,构成了了职业经理人融入我国家族企业的障碍。     

言传身教:价值观一致性、家族传承与企业成长关系研究

现有文献认为家族企业中隐性知识和社会资本在代际之间的有效转移是家族企业持续经营的关键,但父辈经验和两代人价值观一致性的价值尚缺乏关注。文章将父辈经验和两代人价值观一致性纳入家族企业传承模型,从竞争性视角探讨父辈经验对企业成长两方面的影响,并提出家族社会资本对企业成长具有正向的促进作用,价值观一致性在父辈经验、家族社会资本与企业成长之间发挥着正向的调节作用。基于珠三角406份调查问卷的实证研究表明,家族社会资本对企业成长具有正向显著影响,价值观一致性在其中也发挥着正向的调节作用;而父辈经验对家族企业成长却呈现出显著的负向影响,价值观一致性在其中发挥着负向调节作用。文章进一步讨论了实证结果产生的可能原因,填补了家族企业传承中有关父辈经验和价值观一致性的研究不足,具有一定的实践参考意义。     

宁波家族企业优良家风传承路径思考

<正>世界500强中有40%是由家族所有或者经营。海内外多家知名企业的家族传承过程表明，家族企业要想做到源远流长，薪火相传，一方面需要传承和发扬创业者的“家风家训家规”，另一方面要有一个专业、均衡、有效的治理结构。这是影响中国家族企业代际传承和中国经济可持续发展的“商道”。这种“商道”，不论是创业式传承、家族共同约定、家族幸福基金、文化传道、财富接力，都是基于接班人对于老一辈创业者企业文化的认同。当前，民营经济的第一代创业者大都进入代际传承的重要关口，在遭遇特殊时期和对外开放等多重文化侵袭下，家风家训的回溯、传承与坚守对于家族企业高质量发展尤为要。     

现金持有对家族企业市场竞争力的影响——基于CEO来源的视角

当前我国家族企业已陆续进入代际传承的重要阶段,企业CEO也出现了由一代、二代或外部经理人这三种不同来源的安排。不同来源的CEO从现金持有的交易动机、预防动机和代理动机出发,会选择不同的现金持有战略,从而影响企业的市场竞争力。文章以2010-2014年沪深两市A股上市家族企业为研究对象,研究现金持有水平与企业市场竞争力之间的一般关系,并根据家族企业的特殊性和差异性,推断家族企业现金持有是否同样具有竞争优势,还进一步研究家族企业不同CEO来源对现金持有竞争优势的影响。研究发现,家族企业的现金持有能够增强企业的市场竞争力,即家族企业存在现金持有的竞争优势。而且家族企业CEO的不同来源会对企业现金持有的竞争优势产生较大影响,具体说,家族创始人CEO由于维护社会情感财富和代际传承等原因,可能会损害企业现金持有的竞争优势,降低家族企业现金持有价值;家族二代CEO出于二次创业的动力,反而会加强企业现金持有的竞争优势;外部经理人担任CEO为了个人声誉和薪酬,也会显著加强企业现金持有的竞争优势。文章从家族企业这一特殊样本出发,丰富了家族企业现金持有竞争优势的研究,并从家族企业代际传承的视角,独特地研究了不同CEO来源对家族企业现金持有竞争优势的重要影响,同时也扩展了代际传承经济后果的研究。     

关于家族企业基业长青的思考

近日首份《中国家族企业发展报告》出炉,显示我国家族企业经营年限平均为8.8年,同时指出我国家族企业主正步入退休年龄,预计未来5至10年家族企业将迎来历史上规模最大的一次家族传承,而由于企业主和传承人之间交接班意愿存在矛盾,约四分之三的家族企业在未来几年将面临着较大的交接班问题。家族企业如何才能基业长青呢,本文提出几点思考,供家族企业家们参考。     

家族企业人力资源的三维取向

家族企业是由家庭、管理和所有权三系统构成的复杂系统,在经营中经常面临家族优先、管理优先或所有权优先的决策。这种决策反映在用人上往住表现为重亲、重才或重忠的取向选择。家族企业用人标准的多维性和符合多维标准的人的供给有限性,是其不断遭遇人力资源障碍的根本原因。破解家族企业用人的约束条件,因势利导推进家族企业用人制度革新,对促进现阶段我国家族企业的健康发展有重要意义。     

论家族企业的信任治理

家族企业是家族与企业的集合体．家族信任在企业治理中起着重要作用。在家族企业的不同发展阶段,信任治理表现出不同的模式。在家族企业创立阶段．表现为家族信任治理;在家族企业进一步发展时期,家族信任和泛家族信任共同作为企业治理的基础;在家族企业发展壮大,向现代化大企业转变时．社会普遍信任替代家族信任成为企业信任治理的基础。随着企业规模的扩大．企业信任边界也随之逐步扩展的家族企业才能获得长远的发展。     

家族企业代际传承推动还是抑制了创新？——以新希望集团为例

家族企业代际传承是全球化经济下企业面临的一大难题,文章结合经营管理权的转移,将代际传承分为参与管理、共同管理、接收管理三阶段,并结合新希望六和集团的案例,采取一定的创新指标衡量其代际传承过程中对创新的影响,得出案例企业代际传承推动了创新的结论。从而为家族企业如何更好地在代际传承中有意识地开展创新活动、促进企业基业长青提供经验建议。     

企业生命周期和企业家生命周期的“双重变奏”——中国家族企业控制权代际转移的困境与出路

企业生命周期和企业家生命周期是影响中国家族企业控制权的代际传承受的关键,在理想状态下,每一个家族企业都期望企业的生命周期和企业家的生命周期的"双重变奏",可以实现家族企业控制权的顺利交接。但现实中继任者的培养、突发性事件、经理人市场环境都可能影响到双周期的交替进行。出路应该是针对不同的企业规模采取不同的措施保证家族企业基业常青。     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

区域工业产业竞争力指标体系的构建及其评价方法研究

文章通过建立省级区域工业产业竞争力评价指标体系,设计竞争力模型,利用SPSS统计软件,对各省工业产业竞争力进行了评价测定。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

文化传播中电视暴力对青少年侵犯行为的影响

伴随当代传媒产业的蓬勃发展,暴力也成为影视艺术基本的叙事类型及消费主义文化日趋盛行的现实语境。＂电视暴力＂是作为＂媒介暴力＂的一个子概念存在的;从文化传播看电视暴力,其覆盖面大,且易于接触;电视暴力对受众特别是青少年的影响巨大而深刻。要从制作者、传播者和观众三个方面的自律出发,建立适应我国国情的影视分级制。