大连市房地产市场发展势头强劲

随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的逐步建立和完善,住房制度改革的不断深化,特别是停止住房实物分配,逐步实行货币化分配政策的出台,房地产业市场化程度明显提高.     

房地产市场发展状况和发展前景分析

近几年，在住房分配货币化，启动住房二级市场，住房税收，住房金融等政策的综合作用下，住宅与房地产业继续保持良好的发展态势，不仅有效地调动了住宅建设投资的积极性，进一步刺激了个人住房消费，改善了居民的居住条件。还对带动相关产业发展，拉动经济增长起到了重要的作用。     

买房百姓为何慎着

2000年,随着住房制度改革的深入,"货币化"分房政策以及政府在金融、税收等方面一系列相关配套政策的出台,加之银行不断加大推行个人住房信贷力度,使得集团化购房从市场退出,代之而起的是个人购房,那么居民如何挑选自己称心如意的住房,如何看目前的房地产市场?国家统计局有关部门就此问题进行了调查。结果如下: 居民购房慎之又慎房子对中国老百姓来说是生活中的头等大事,居民在购房时都表现出慎之     

大连房地产市场发展给我们的启示

<正> 随着社会主义市场经济体制的逐步建立和完善,中央提出把住宅建设培育为新的经济增长点,国家出台一系列财政、税费、金融等方面积极的政策措施,为房地产市场特别是住宅市场的全方位启动与发展创造了良好的政策环境。大连市房地产市场当前主要状况近几年来,大连市住房制度改革不断深化,住房实物分配逐步停止,货币化分配政策陆续出台,房地产业市场化程度明显提高,房地产市场进入了一个新     

我国需要启动“二次房改”

自1998年开始的实践已经清楚地表明，我国城镇居民的住房货币化补贴政策与市场房租房价严重脱节；对于城镇大多数中低收入居民来说，住房货币化早已名不符实，住房保障只能依赖政府，     

进一步深化住房制度改革的思考

1998年，国务院出台了《关于进一步深化城镇住房制度改革加快住房建设的通知》（国发[1998]23号文），决定停止住房实物分配，逐步实行住房分配货币化。住房制度改革实施lO年以来。住房市场取得了飞速发展，成绩突出。但随着各方面经济形势和社会环境的变化，一些矛盾在逐渐体现，这就要求必须进一步深化住房制度改革，促进住房市场的稳定健康发展。     

商品房离老百姓还有多远?

自今年7月1日起,全国将停止福利分房,改住房实物分配为货币化分配,实行新房新制度。人们一方面企盼国家新的房改政策出台实施,另一方面也在扳着指头算算帐——离商品房还有多远? (一) 近年来,我国商品住宅业得到长足发展,每年竣工的住宅面积都在上亿平方米。但从1994年起,商品住宅开始积压,载止1997年底,全国约有4000万平方米商品房卖不出去,沉积基金     

关于住房分配货币化的思考

关于住房分配货币化的思考□冷崇总·热点聚焦·我国住房制度改革的目的是要通过住房商品化，实现“居者有其屋”。取消福利分房，实行住房分配货币化是对现行城镇住房分配制度的重大改革，这一转换住房机制的根本性改革，是今后房改的目标。为此，笔者试就住房分配货币化...     

浅谈高校房改货币化——以西安建筑科技大学为例

从2005年11月通过的《西安市住房分配货币化实施办法》到2006年5月下发的《西安市行政事业单位住房分配货币化实施细则》,预示着西安将停止住房实物分配,逐步实行住房分配货币化,西安市住房制度改革进入了新的阶段,也标志着西安市向建立社会化、规范化、商品化住房保障制度方向迈出了重要的一步.     

政策信息

国务院领导同志谈97年住房制度改革最近,国务院一位领导同志说,关于1997年如何加快住房制度改革的问题,要着重抓好:(1)住房制度要尽快从传统福利型实物分配向商品化、货币化分配转换,加快住房资金理人工资的步伐。进一步建立完善公积金制度。企事业单位新房应取消福利分配办法,实行只售不租或先售后租、新房新租金的政策,争取做到新房新制度。(2)下决心加大提高公房租金的力度,把国家和企业的暗补变为明补,同时对老职工可以给予一定的工龄折扣,改变居民不合理的消费支出结构     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上，尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能，资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标，以求真实反映银行经营的成果，有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系，从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.