人形机器人产业发展现状与启示

随着以ChatGPT为代表的人工智能通用大模型技术的加速发展和特斯拉人型机器人的产业化推进，人形机器人迎来高速发展期，并已成为大国科技竞争的一个新战略制高点。今年以来国家和地方密集发布了多项相关政策，均强调加快推进人形机器人的技术研发和场景应用。基于人形机器人产业总体概况，以代表全球人形机器人技术发展顶尖水平的美国和日本两国为对象，重点分析其产业发展特征，并对国内外发布的机器人产业重点战略举措进行系统性梳理，最后对人形机器人产业发展提出若干建议。     

基于专利分析下的中国工业机器人技术发展现状研究

近年来随着市场与政策的不断利好,中国工业机器人迅猛发展,已成为全球第一大工业机器人市场.但由于中国在该领域起步较晚,从技术与产品的角度与发达国家相比还存在一定差距.通过采用专利地图法对全球与中国范围内的工业机器人专利信息展开分析,了解了中国工业机器人产业在世界市场中的地位以及与世界先进水平间的差距,明确了中国现阶段工业机器人技术布局,为提升产业发展提出对策建议.     

机器人产业发展与地方政府注意力——基于联立方程模型的实证分析

在阐释机器人、地区竞争、政府注意力对区域经济发展的作用机制基础上,使用联立方程模型和272个城市2011—2021年面板数据,实证检验了机器人产业发展与地方政府对其注意力之间的相互作用关系。分析发现,区域机器人产业发展能够显著吸引地方政府的注意力,且其吸引力强度存在经济规模的稀释效应;地方政府机器人产业注意力对相关产业发展有一定的促进作用,不过考虑到城市异质性后,这种促进作用的大小和显著性均出现了明显下降。     

深圳市智能服务机器人产业专利导航分析

本文以专利信息为基础,分析深圳市专利布局结构和趋势以及各区技术构成、创新主体、创新人才分布情况,揭示深圳市智能服务机器人产业发展的地位及趋势,明晰深圳市智能服务机器人产业创新发展方向及专利布局策略。同时对深圳市重点智能服务机器人企业进行走访调研,研究重点技术发展现状及方向,以此期望该研究能为深圳市智能服务机器人产业的知识产权高质量发展提供全方位支撑。     

解读《中国机器人产业发展白皮书》

2016年6月2日,《工信微报》编发一篇题为＂我国机器人产业现状如何？未来如何发展＂的文章称：赛迪研究院装备工业研究所发布了2016年版《中国机器人产业发展白皮书》,该白皮书全面梳理全球和我国机器人产业发展的近况,对国内外机器人产业的重点应用、企业发展及政策环境进行了详细阐述和归纳总结。在提出当前我国机器人产业发展存在问题的基础上,对2016年的产业发展进行展望,     

发挥青岛优势 大力发展工业机器人产业

工业机器人产业是第三次工业革命的标志性产业,也是青岛产业升级的关键所在。目前,国内外机器人产业巨头正加紧布局,各地方政府也纷纷加大力度推动机器人产业发展。青岛是国家重要的装备制造业基地,具有发展工业机器人产业的良好基础,应顺应产业发展趋势,发挥自身优势,加快培育和发展工业机器人产业。     

中国机器人技术和产业调查

由中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所和东北大学共同承担的辽宁省软科学计划项目——智能机器人技术发展路线图研究，为了解和分析我国机器人技术和产业发展的现状和主要问题，专门设计了一组问卷，以期为产业发展提供政策建议。     

长三角地区机器人产业发展现状及对策研究

随着劳动力短缺和人口红利的消失,制造业利润空间越来越小,制造业亟需转型升级和创新发展,而机器人产业是制造业转型升级的重要抓手。通过对长三角地区机器人产业发展现状的分析,指出长三角地区机器人产业在区域间合作交流、自主创新能力、“产学研”结合等方面存在一系列问题。为了解决这些问题,长三角机器人产业应该在加强顶层设计,破除区域间交流壁垒,成立“政产学研用”创新联盟,以及加大关键人才引进力度和加强重点技术技能人才培养方面进行突破和创新。     

天津抢占工业机器人产业高地的对策与建议

机器人产业发展呈现出一些新特征：全球销量和需求量猛增,应用领域日益广泛、潜力巨大;它是制造业转型升级的基础和重要支撑;国内五大机器人产业集聚地初见端倪,产业发展顶层设计已提到议程并成为产业升级的新热点.天津市机器人产业发展正处于启动期、瓶颈期和政策发力期,发展机器人具有坚实的产业基础与巨大市场潜力.本文建议：追踪产业发展前沿,将产业发展方向和扶持重点纳入产业规划;调研和摸清市场需求,推广和拓展机器人的应用;将机器人产业作为京津科技对接和成果转化的切入点.     

进口机器人应用对中国企业出口国内技术含量影响的研究北大核心

在“双循环”新发展格局下，充分发挥机器人应用对企业出口国内技术含量提升的促进作用，是建设贸易强国的内在需求。文章基于2001～2014年中国工业企业数据库和中国海关贸易数据库匹配数据，构建企业层面出口国内技术含量指标，检验了进口机器人应用对企业出口国内技术含量的影响及其作用机制。结果表明，进口机器人应用能显著促进企业出口国内技术含量的提升，且该结论通过了对被解释变量进行缩尾处理等一系列稳健性检验与内生性检验；进口机器人应用对交通运输、电子通信及医药行业企业、资本密集型企业和非国有企业出口国内技术含量提升作用更为明显；进口机器人应用通过生产工艺优化效应、进口中间品节约效应以及国内中间品扩张效应提高了企业出口国内技术含量。因此，优先发展应用于生产环节的机器人产业，加强机器人应用与人才培养的协同发展，完善机器人产业配套体系是加快贸易强国建设和构建“双循环”新发展格局的有效途径。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上，尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能，资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标，以求真实反映银行经营的成果，有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系，从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.