贵阳市统筹城乡基本养老保险制度的研究

近几年来，贵阳大力实施工业强市和城镇化带动战略，围绕统筹城乡社会保险体系的总要求，深化落实“老有所养”五年行动计划为，不断推进城乡居民社会养老保险体系建设，先后启动并实施了新型农村社会养老保险（以下简称“新农保”）、城镇老年居民社会养老保险、城镇居民养老保险（以下简称“城保”）以及被征地农民社会养老保险（以下简称“土保”）在制度上实现了全市城乡社会养老保险全覆盖。     

新农保能延缓农村老年人的"失智"状况吗?

老年人“失智”首先表现为认知能力下降。基于中国健康与养老追踪调查 (CHARLS) 数据,探讨新型农村社会养老保险对中国农村老年人认知能力的影响。实证结果显示：新农保参与能够显著提高农村老年人的认知能力,参加新农保后,农村老年人认知能力水平提升了 2.83%,新农保确实改善了农村老年人的失智状况、提升了农村老年人的整体健康水平。在影响渠道方面,新农保制度主要通过增加农村老年人参加社会活动来改善认知能力水平的。研究结论表明,在逐渐提高社会养老保险保障水平的基础上,不断加强对农村基础设施尤其是社区活动类设施建设,不断提升对社区活动的引导与宣传,增强农村老年人参加社会活动的积极性,进而稳步提高农村老年人的认知能力和主观福利水平。     

RCEP对中国经济的“双重距离”影响：基于全球一般均衡引力模型的数值模拟分析北大核心

文章构建了一个全球一般均衡引力模型，通过总贸易成本和区域技术扩散机制来区别RCEP不同类型条款的影响。基于可以重现历史出口变化的全球数据校准模型，文章对多种政策情境下的RCEP贸易效应和福利效应进行了模拟预测。研究发现：温和的RCEP贸易自由化措施将使中国出口增加，但当贸易成本降幅超过30%时，中国对西亚、中东欧和南美洲部分国家的出口将出现剧烈下滑；RCEP将有效推动地区福利增加和经济复苏进程；倾向于降低技术扩散距离的RCEP条款比降低贸易成本更有益于地区福利增加。这些结论有助于进一步理解中国参加RCEP的经济效果，对中国未来区域合作政策选择具有借鉴意义。     

最低工资制在完全与不完全市场中的影响——一个理论分析框架

本文通过构建一个包含产品市场和劳动力市场的模型,分析了最低工资制度在社会、经济等方面的影响,并得出以下结论:如果企业是市场工资率的被动接受者,则推行最低工资制度在促进劳动者福利提升的同时,会以减损社会总福利为代价,同时社会总产出水平下降;如果企业对市场工资率有影响能力,则通过最低工资制度提高就业者工资率水平,这不仅会促进劳动者福利的提升,同时也会造成社会总福利的改进,社会总产出水平上升。以此为基础,结合当前中国的社会实际,对于最低工资制度的实施提供了相关的政策建议。     

企业年金操作实践问题探析

为应对不断加剧的人口老龄化趋势,目前我国采取了由社会统筹养老、企业年金补充养老以及个人商业养老保险所构成的三支柱养老体系。其中,企业年金作为多层次养老保险体系的重要组成部分,是在国家政策指导下,企业和职工在依法参加基本养老保险的基础上,自愿建立的补充养老保险制度。企业年金在整体养老保障中的作用和地位不容置疑,作为企业人力资源部门薪酬福利岗人     

贵阳市统筹城乡基本养老保险制度的研究

近几年来,贵阳大力实施工业强市和城镇化带动战略,围绕统筹城乡社会保险体系的总要求,深化落实"老有所养"五年行动计划为,不断推进城乡居民社会养老保险体系建设,先后启动并实施了新型农村社会养老保险(以下简称"新农保")、城镇老年居民社会养老保险、城镇居民养老保险(以下简称"城保")以及被征地农民社会养老保险(以下简称"土保")在制度上实现了全市城乡社会养老保险全覆盖。     

论我国农村养老保险制度的构建与法律完善

农村养老保险是农村社会保障的重要组成部分,对农村经济的发展和改革的深化,以及保证社会稳定具有重要作用。现行的农村养老保险制度存在多方面的弊端与不足,已日益成为一个严峻的社会问题。随着2010年《社会保险法》的出台,我国政府将农村养老保险再次纳入法制轨道,明确表明要加快建立健全我国农村养老保险制度。     

论我国农村养老保险制度的构建与法律完善

农村养老保险是农村社会保障的重要组成部分,对农村经济的发展和改革的深化,以及保证社会稳定具有重要作用。现行的农村养老保险制度存在多方面的弊端与不足,已日益成为一个严峻的社会问题。随着2010年《社会保险法》的出台,我国政府将农村养老保险再次纳入法制轨道,明确表明要加快建立健全我国农村养老保险制度。     

农村社会养老保险给农民带来实实在在的好处

建立新型农村社会养老保险制度，在中国历史上是一件前无古人的事情，是彻底改变传统养老方式的一个壮举。     

建立农村社会养老保险制度构想

建立农村社会养老保险制度构想李宗全湖北建立农村社会养老保险制度是建立多层次社会保障制度中的一个重要组成部分。这项工作在我国尚处于“萌芽”阶段，是一个完全崭新的课题。一、建立农村社会养老保险制度的理论价值及其意义第一，农村社会养老保险有利于发展生产力。...     

Differentiating Indexation in Dutch Pension Funds

Funded social security programs are particularly vulnerable to economic and financial market shocks. As a consequence of the recent crisis, a large fraction of the Dutch pension funds had to submit restoration plans for the recovery of their buffers. Such plans will have to rely primarily on a mix of reduced benefit indexation and increased pension contributions. Hence, a discussion has emerged whether indexation should be differentiated across the various groups of participants in a pension fund. We investigate this issue numerically, developing an applied many-generation small open-economy OLG model with heterogeneous agents. The pension system consists of a first-pillar PAYG component and a second pillar with a pension fund. In our stochastic simulations, we hit the economy with a variety of unexpected demographic, economic and financial shocks. We compare uniform indexation of pension rights across all fund participants with alternatives such as status-contingent indexation in which pensions are protected against price inflation. While the aggregate welfare consequences are small, group-specific consequences are more substantial with the workers and future born losing and retirees benefitting from a shift away from uniform indexation. The exception is a scheme which links indexation directly to the fund’s asset performance. Under this scheme the retired benefit without other groups losing. The welfare effects are primarily the result of systematic welfare redistributions rather than of shifts in the benefits of risk sharing. Contribution rates always have to rise substantially from their initial levels to maintain the system’s sustainability. An increase in the retirement age that leaves existing pension rights untouched does little to avoid this rise with its adverse labour market consequences.     

China's Pension Reform: A Precondition Approach

Abstract

China has a relatively young population, but is about to undergo a remarkable demographic transformation. Given the un-sustainability of the old system, the Chinese authorities have initiated a number of pension reforms since the early 1990s. In this paper, based on latest precondition framework, we analyse and conclude that the initial economic and financial conditions within the reform started in China are sufficient to facilitate funding based pension reform.     

“未富先老”与劳动力短缺

计划生育政策的成功执行和社会经济的快速发展,中国在经济发展尚处较低水平的情况下,实现了人口转变过程,过早地迎来了人口老龄化,劳动力供给出现短缺的端倪。“先老”导致的劳动力供给下降与“未富”带来的大量劳动力需求,将可能形成比较优势的真空。这种趋势对现有的经济增长方式以及相应的就业和社会保障政策提出严峻挑战。为应对劳动力短缺的局面,保持中国经济发展的可持续性,应未雨绸缪,包括最大化开发人口红利、加大人力资本积累力度、选择可持续的养老保障模式,清除劳动力流动障碍、转变经济增长方式等。     

Fiscal and Welfare Effects of Balanced-budget Reforms of Korea’s National Pension System

This paper evaluates the fiscal sustainability of the benchmark pension system in Korea, which will come into effect in 2028 following the 2007 pension reforms, and the welfare effects of pension reforms aimed at a balanced budget over the life cycle. To this end, we measure the lifetime pension deficit, i.e. the difference between total pension benefits and total pension contributions in an individual’s lifetime. We find that the benchmark pension system is expected to run an average lifetime deficit of 22.36 million won (approximately $22,360), and the current pension fund is unlikely to finance the sum of future deficits. The optimal pension reform for the zero average lifetime deficit reduces social welfare by as much as a 2.06% fall in consumption and is characterised with the contribution rate of 20.3% and an average replacement rate of 66.4%. These values are much higher than the respective benchmark values, 9% and 40%, because the increase in pension benefits, combined with the increase in pension contributions, can reduce the income inequality due to the progressivity of pension benefits and the proportionality of pension contributions.     

The Pension Age as a Factor Regulating the Deficit of the State Pension System

Contrary to the widely held attitude towards the necessity of immediately raising the retirement age, this article demonstrates the absence of demographic conditions for changing the existing regulations in granting pension insurance. The demographic factors are recognized as the basic development conditions of the state pension system; however, they have a multichannel impact on it, which requires a holistic and qualified analysis of all the relevant parameters for the governmental regulation. The pension age is viewed from the perspective of achieving the objectives of pension reform and strategic benchmarks in the long-term development of the Russian Pension system.     

农村养老模式的国际比较及其借鉴

按照覆盖范围、保障水平以及养老保险基金的筹集、管理和发放方式,世界各国农村社会的养老保障主要分为社会保险型、社会福利型、个人储蓄型和社会救助型四种模式。这四种养老模式也各有其适用的范围和特点。农村养老模式及其代表国家的实践对中国的启示是:农村社会的养老保险制度必须和国情相适应、循序渐进地解决农民养老保障问题、注重法律规范、政府给予财政支持、建立多层次的农村养老保险体系等。     

中国老龄化趋势与养老金改革

I. IntroductionSince the 1970s the family planning program has been in place throughout rural and urbanChina and, as a result, this practice has shortened Chinas demographic transition processfrom a pre-industrial phase characterized by high birth rate offsetting high death rate, to amodern phase characterized by both low birth rate and low death rate. Consequently, theage structure of the population has changed, with the aged proportion rapidly increasing.According to the year 2000 census, …     

撒切尔政府养老金制度改革成效分析

1948年，英国向世人宣布建成“福利国家”，因向其国民提供了“从摇篮到坟墓”的全方位保障而为世界各国所关注。但是随着20世纪70年代中后期全球经济形势的变化、人口日趋老龄化和社会保障制度本身的负面影响不断扩大，英国开始对其包括养老金制度在内的社会保障制度进行改革。作为社会保障制度中资金支出最大的子项目——养老金制度是撒切尔政府福利改革的重中之重。     

Europe’s Demographic Deficit A Plea For A Child Pension System

Summary This paper considers the economic implications of the stalling birth rates and demographic development in Europe. To remedy for this it proposes a child pension system. This system allows additional pension facilities depending on the number of children raised. It should be a PAYG pension financed with an income tax. The main motivation for this is that parents have invested resources which also benefit society.18th Tinbergen Lecture, Amsterdam, October 22, 2004Ifo Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich.I am grateful to Lans Bovenberg and Peter Cornelisse for useful conversations about the Dutch pension system and Tinbergens views on children and pensions. I thank Robert Koll, Regina von Hehl and Elsita Walter for careful research assistance, and Tobias Seidel, Michael Stimmelmayr, Martin Werding and Markus Zimmer for useful comments.     

二元老年社会保障体制的尴尬与对策研究

我国面临着严峻的人口老龄化挑战已是一个不争的事实,同时让我们必须正视的是农村人口老龄化程度远远高于城市,但农村老年社会保障却与城市相差甚远,呈二元结构。本文以《中国城乡老年人口状况追踪调查》研究报告数据为基础,对我国城市和农村的老年人口的养老保障、医疗保障、社会福利、为老服务等方面进行了对比分析,并在此基础上对解决途径进行探讨。