宪政视野下宪法对国家干预市场经济权的规范

从宪政视野来看,国家干预市场经济权必须有宪法依据,并受到宪法的规范。外国宪法通常从权力的来源与权力行使方式、原则、义务和责任等对国家干预市场经济权进行规范。我国宪法在国家干预市场经济权的规范方面还存在一些问题,应完善宪法规则,以强化对国家干预市场经济权规范和促进经济法律制度完善。     

我国农民合作经济组织建设的若干问题探讨

农民合作经济组织建设对于破解小农户与大市场之间矛盾,实现农业产业化至关重要。我国农民合作实践在许多方面与国际合作基本原则相背离并呈现模式多样性,这和我国农民所受的经济、制度、资源约束以及发展历史有关。农民合作组织建设不应盲目遵循国际合作原则,照搬国外经验,排斥政府行政干预,追求大规模的、结构紧密、高规范度的合作模式,应根据地区实际情况进行制度创新,因地制宜,多元发展。     

在对外经济活动中要严格执行《涉外经济合同法》(二)

六、签订涉外经济合同，应当维护国家主权，坚持平等互利的原则国家主权是指一个国家独立自主地处理内外一切事务的最高权力。任何一个主权国家都不容侵犯,维护国家主权是涉外经济法制应遵循的首要原则。投资者为了追求利润,有时会提出违背我国主权要求或进行损害我国经济利益的活动。例如,在投资合同的管辖和适用法律问题上,有的外商要求适用其本国或本地区的法律,受其法院管辖;在土地使用上。     

论中国港口经营的基本法律原则

在中国经济快速发展的大背景下，港口所扮演的角色越来越重要，因此，探讨港口经营应遵循的基本法律原则有着重要的现实意义。在我国，港口经营主要应遵循以下原则：港口经营许可原则；公平竞争原则；优先保障特定物资运输的特事特办原则；港口经营人合法权益受法律保护原则。     

地方政府债务管理权责划分的国际比较与分析

地方政府债务管理是一国财政分级管理的重要内容之一,而合理划分地方政府债务管理的权限与责任又是债务管理的核心。通过对地方政府举债权、担保权、债务管理机构间的职责分工等分项目的国际比较,得出地方政府债务管理权责划分的模式选择是在遵循一定的经济原则的基础上,综合本国的政治、经济、文化等因素进行整体规划和不断优化的过程。     

论公司自治与司法干预之冲突与衡平

公司作为一种营利性的组织,其自治行为不可避免地会影响其他私法主体的利益,出现利益冲突,因此必须在其实现公司自治的同时对其进行适度的规制,以求社会经济和利益的均衡发展。从司法层面上来说,法院应当适时介入公司涉及的各种法律关系之中,以提供救济和矫正的法律途径,但应当遵循司法适度干预原则谨慎而为。至于司法干预的“度“的把握,不仅有其自身的标准和行使原则,而且还应区分不同的场合和情形。     

论经济法中政府经济管理行为优化原则

政府经济管理行为优化作为经济法的基本原则,其内涵在于经济法要赋予政府依法干预、管理社会经济运行的职权,强化其权威．同时依法限定政府经济管理行为必须以市场机制为基础,在法定职权范围内实施。这就要求经济法要为政府经济管理方式的转变提供法律依据和保障．具体规定政府干预和管理经济的法定次序和范围以及越权干预的法律后果,明确政府经济管理行为的监督和补救措施。为政府合理、有效调控经济运行创造条件、提供保障,以获得最优的经济管理效益。     

金融危机下的职业技术教育课程改革

全球金融危机不仅严重影响了国际金融和经济体系,也对职业技术教育造成了深刻的影响。职业技术学校应更加重视教学内容的调整与修订及课程改革工作。课程改革必须明确学校的发展目标,主要内容是建立科学合理的课程体系,基本原则是应遵循稳定性与灵活性的原则、课程体系整体性原则和实践性原则。     

金融危机下我国政府救市须遵循法治原则

在当代,法治是实现民主与自由的重要标准。行政权的运行须遵循法治原则,这是立宪民主体制的基本要求,也是世界各国应对金融危机时的普遍法则。在全球金融危机面前,我国政府救市须遵循法治原则,以实现公权力保障的公共利益最大化。     

论经济法中政府经济管理行为优化原则

政府经济管理行为优化作为经济法的基本原则,其内涵在于经济法要赋予政府依法干预、管理社会经济运行的职权,强化其权威,同时依法限定政府经济管理行为必须以市场机制为基础,在法定职权范围内实施.这就要求经济法要为政府经济管理方式的转变提供法律依据和保障,具体规定政府干预和管理经济的法定次序和范围以及越权干预的法律后果,明确政府经济管理行为的监督和补救措施,为政府合理、有效调控经济运行创造条件、提供保障,以获得最优的经济管理效益.     

社会学视野中的2008世界金融危机

2008年,由美国次贷危机引发的金融危机暴风骤雨般席卷全球,对世界主要经济体造成了巨大的冲击。虽然经济学家认为,这是一个经济问题,是由于金融监管不力和金融产品本身缺陷造成的。然而文章却认为：此次危机是世界经济功能失衡的结果;是世界经济体之间冲突、各经济部门之间及社会冲突的结果;是美国超前消费文化长期积累的结果。     

建设冀东经济区 应对国际金融危机

此次波及全球的金融危机破坏严重,资本市场大幅动荡,多家重量级金融机构陷入破产困境,且对实体经济产生了不利影响。世界各主要经济体纷纷进入经济下行周期。在全球经济一体化的今天,中国经济必然受到金融危机的影响。河北省作为中国的一个经济大省,如何应对金融危机是摆在决策者面前的一个重要课题。本文在科学认识国际金融危机的基础上,提出着力建设冀东经济区,来减轻金融危机对经济社会的冲击和负面作用,保证社会经济平稳运行,并打造河北经济新的增长极。     

Sluggish Recovery from the Financial Crisis: Crowding-out Effect and Contagion

Abstract

The stimulus plans by the US Government after the financial crisis in 2008 may decrease private investment by means of a crowding-out effect. The US Federal Reserve utilized quantitative easing policies to maintain the interest rate as low as possible to minimize crowding-out. The 2008 financial crisis also affects other economies through contagion effects. This paper investigates the existence of the crowding-out effect and contagion effect after the crisis using Temin and Voth's models. The empirical results from vector autoregession show that there is a crowding-out effect in the US economy as well as a contagion effect of the crisis on the Korean and Japanese economies.     

我国应对金融危机的凯恩斯主义政策效力分析

凯恩斯主义的逻辑与内涵就是针对经济中所存在的问题，由政府从供给与需求、短期与长期、微观与宏观层面对经济进行干预以解决这些问题。文章认为，在应对2008年的金融危机中，我国政府实施了凯恩斯主义的救世政策。文章通过分析金融危机前国内经济面临的问题及危机后的凯恩斯主义政策效力，发现我国在金融危机中采取的凯恩斯主义政策并没有针对性地解决原有问题。     

凯恩斯经济学的反思:全球金融危机视角

凯恩斯主义经济学的基本特征是经济危机必然性的证明和国家干预的系统分析。2008年国际金融危机以来各国政府的应对政策实质上仍然是凯恩斯主义的国家干预,不可能改变资本主义市场经济体制的核心,但政策选择表现出明显的时代特点。此次国际金融危机将促使凯恩斯主义与新自由主义经济学加速融合,并会对未来国家干预的方式和重点会产生显著影响。     

China and the Global Financial Crisis： Assessing the Impacts and Policy Responses

The present paper explores the role of China in the creation of the current global financial crisis and the impacts of the crisis on its economy. It argues against the view that the ＂saving glut＂ in China （along with other Asian emerging economies） played a significant causal role in the crisis. The global financial crisis did not engender much damage in China＇s financial structure, thanks to the relatively closed, bank-centered financial system. However, the impacts on the ＂real＂ side of the Chinese economy were hard felt. Growth and employment have fallen, largely due to the decline in exports and foreign direct investment. The crisis reveals the vulnerability of the export-dependent growth pattern. Policy responses of the Chinese Government, including monetary, fiscal and social policies, have helped to stem the downfall of the economy in the immediate term, but some of the policies have not addressed the structural problems of the Chinese economy and might well aggravate such problems over time. The present paper proposes a tentative reform blueprint to rebalance the economy and to sustain long-term growth.     

An introduction to problems of economic development in the CMEA countries

Through the Asian financial crisis, many key international economic issues have come to the forefront the stability of the international financial system under the IMF, “Asian values”, the universal validity of the Asian Economic Development Model, China's leadership in the regional world economy, Japan's role in the region, and the immunity of Greater China from the current financial crisis. Currently, most Asian countries seem eager to redress structural problems involving the government sector, banking, and corporate governance. In the process of this full scale restructuring, Korea must reevaluate its economic relationship with Central Asia. This paper argues that Korean financial crisis stems basically from the system failure. Furthermore, since a small open economy carries with it intrinsic vulnerabilities, the government should be more careful in securing optimal foreign exchange, opening capital markets based on the economy's absorption capacity. In this respect, the banking industry should be run based on the profitability of capital. Once banking industries are distorted by the practice of government‐led policy loans, it is more difficult to correct those customized distortions. The banking industry should play a larger role as the “brain of the economy”, sensing abnormalities of the economy. Moreover, in today's increasingly interdependent global economic system, no single country can solve its problems without close coordination of its policy with the outside world. An early warning system to signal financial instability would help developing economies in modernizing and strengthening their domestic financial institutions and would also work as a supplement to the IMF standby fund. Also, human resource management has proven too important to be neglected. Central Asia could derive lessons from the above Asian “failure”, not the Asian “miracle”, to avoid inappropriate policies and to deepen its economic development.     

Measuring the Real and Financial Connectedness of Selected African Economies with the Global Economy

We examine the real and financial connectedness of selected African economies with the global economy using a network approach. We find that the connectedness of African economies with the global economy is quite sizable, with the global financial crisis increasing the connectedness measures above their pre‐crisis levels. The results show that U.S., EU and Canada dominate Africa's equity markets, while China, India and Japan dominate Africa's real activities. Our results suggest that African economies are predominantly small open economies, deeply interconnected but systemically unimportant and vulnerable to headwinds emanating from the dominant economies in the overall global economy.     

European crises and the Asian economies

This paper analyses the impact of recent financial crises in Europe on the Asian economies. What is often abbreviated to GFC included three distinct crises: the 2007–2008 North Atlantic financial crisis, a 2008–2009 global economic crisis and public finance crises which became increasingly focussed on the eurozone in 2010–2012. Asia did not experience significant financial crises, and the open economies recovered relatively rapidly from the global economic crisis. The relative weight of Asian economies in the global economy, which had been increasing for several decades, grew even more rapidly in 2009–2011 as the economies of the USA and Europe faltered. This poses challenges for global economic governance, although there are constraints on Asia being a more assertive force. Problems in the eurozone hold lessons for Asia; the euro and the Schengenzone are positive responses to the emergence of increasingly complex supply chains. In a similar context, East Asia is moving hesitantly toward financial cooperation and adopting second-best approaches, such as de facto dollar pegs, to reducing bilateral exchange rate volatility.     

中国抵御世界金融危机的条件和方法

如何看待目前全球性的金融危机,本文基于虚拟经济的理论给出了解释。文章在对中国和美国进行比较的基础上,指出中国具备抵御世界金融危机的条件,并提出了抵御世界金融危机的一些方法。