发展西部地区高新技术产业的策略

当今,高新技术产业的发展已成为推动区域经济发展的最重要的因素,高新技术产业的发展水平又是衡量区域经济发展水平的重要标志。高新技术产业发展的推动力主要取决于资金、技术、知识和人才等要素的投入和体制的改进,而这些都正是西部地区经济发展最缺乏的条件,这极大地限制了西部地区经济的发展,随着西部劳动力和资源优势的逐渐减弱,更使得西部地区在与东部地区以及国际上的竞争中处于劣势。因此,只有充分利用当地的自然条件,依托其固有的经济基础,以市场为导向,加速产业的结构调整,大力发展高新技术产业,把资源优势转变为经济优势,以提高西部地区的国际竞争力,从而带动整个地区经济的高速发展,西部地区要大力发展高新技术     

构筑西部地区竞争优势的三把"利剑"

随着社会主义市场经济体制的基本建立和全球经济一体化的加速发展,以及我国加入WTO后的经济形势,西部地区过去依托的资源、劳动力等比较优势在地区经济增长中的作用明显减弱,而竞争优势的培育显得越来越重要.因此,竞争优势的培育是新形势下实现西部地区经济崛起的重要途径.增强西部地区区域竞争优势的基本思路应是:依托比较优势,发展特色经济,培育竞争优势,提升区域产业竞争力,推动西部经济结构的战略性调整和优化升级,实现西部经济跨越式发展.     

因地制宜发展西部地区的高新技术产业

当今,高新技术产业的发展已成为推动区域经济发展的最重要的因素,高新技术产业的发展水平又是衡量区域经济发展水平的重要标志.高新技术产业发展的推动力主要来自于资金、技术、知识和人才等要素的投入和体制的改进,而这些都正是西部地区经济发展最缺乏的条件,这极大地限制了西部地区经济的发展.随着西部劳动力和资源优势的逐渐减弱,这更使得西部地区在与东部地区以及国际上的竞争中处于劣势.因此,只有充分利用当地的自然条件,依托其固有的经济基础,以市场为导向,加速产业结构调整,大力发展高新技术产业,把资源优势转变为经济优势,才能提高西部地区的国际竞争力,从而带动整个地区经济的高速发展.西部地区要大力发展高新技术产业,必须做好以下几个方面的工作:     

区域分工与西部地区经济发展战略

西部地区地域辽阔，资源在空间区域上的分布存在着较大的不对称性和不平衡性。西部地区要加快经济发展，就必须参与区域经济分工，培育面向全国甚至全球的比较优势和竞争优势。那么，西部地区采取何种区域经济发展模式，才能促进区域经济增长、缩小与发达国家和地区的差异，这已成为我们必须认真思考的一个重要问题。本主要以区域分工的演变规律为背景，说明区域分工政策在经济发展中的作用。     

西部地区走出“产业对接”困境的战略选择

东部产业集群带来的后天优势,是梯度转移理论指导下的"西部大开发"政策没有收到预期效果的根源所在。以西部开发为背景的欠发达地区的区域经济成长,始终面临着发展路径选择的问题。本文认为,在产业集群支配的经济时代,实施产业集群战略是西部区域摆脱产业发展困境,赶超发达地区经济发展水平的有效战略工具。西部地区实施集群战略应注重培育专业化特色和产业链、以集群理念提升企业战略定位、创造有利于集群的市场条件、积极发挥政府的作用等。     

长虹电子信息产业集群竞争优势的研究

产业集群是区域经济发展的重要推动力量,本文以长虹电子信息产业集群为对象,较系统地概括产业集群的竞争优势为组织优势、资源获取优势、市场效率优势、创新创业优势和市场扩张优势,通过对长虹电子信息产业集群竞争优势分析,对西部区域经济发展和长虹电子信息竞争力的提升,发挥着越来越重要的作用。     

广西北部湾经济区临港产业集群竞争优势的培育

港口经济对一个地区的经济发展起着重要的作用。港口所在区域和临港区域伴生发达的临港产业,临港产业的集群化发展有利于提高港口地区的区域竞争力。文章首先分析了临港产业集群的竞争力与竞争优势,进而探讨广西北部湾经济区临港产业集群发展的优势和劣势,提出提升广西北部湾经济区临港产业集群竞争力的对策建议。     

西部民族地区产业集群品牌联合研究——以宁夏清真食品产业为例

产业集群作为区域经济发展的一种特殊组织形式,以其独特的优势促进了区域经济的快速持续发展。产业集群品牌对手区域经济发展具有重要的战略价值。积极培育产业集群品牌,促进区域品牌和企业品牌的联合是提升西部民族地区竞争力的重要途径。     

从营销环境看西部企业营销竞争力的培育

近年来,西部地区的经济有了长足发展,但与东部地区相比仍呈现出明显的滞后状态。究其原因,除了西部自然条件恶劣、交通不便、信息不畅、地广人稀、适于产业开发的区域较小外,还有一个不容忽视的重要因素就是其经济主体——企业,迟迟未能融入全国市场和国际市场,丧失了在竞争中获得自身发展并同时带动当地经济发展的机会。因此,在日益复杂而多变的竞争环境中,西部企业如何借助自身所处营销环境中的优势,克服劣势,培育营销竞争力以打造持续竞争力,必然成为认真探讨的问题。     

西部石油天然气化工产业集群发展的定位及布局研究

产业集群也称产业群、产业群簇、产业簇群等,产业集群模式作为提升区域竞争力、打造地区竞争优势的重要动力源泉,并在西部石油天然气化工产业集群发展的实践中得到了应用。在国家继续大力推进西部大开发和着力实施石油接替战略的背景下,油气资源产业发展的定位是:加大投入,加快油气资源开发,把油气资源产业培育成为西部经济发展的战略性支柱产业。     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

中俄经济技术合作面临新机遇

中俄在十年内把各自的GDP翻一番的目标,为发展中俄经济技术合作提供了机遇.仅仅依靠商品贸易的增长很难大幅度提升中俄经贸关系,需要全面开展经济技术合作,特别是加强在自然资源开发、跨国投资、军工技术和产品贸易领域的合作.     

INFRASTRUCTURE POLICY IN INDONESIA, 1965–2015: A SURVEY

This survey, first, provides an overview of the main developments in the infrastructure sector in Indonesia during the past five decades and, second, considers what the main policy and management bottlenecks in infrastructure appear to be. The overview of main developments indicates that, in broad terms, most parts of the sector have expanded considerably but that the needs remain acute for further expansion and for attention to the maintenance of existing facilities. Demand for infrastructure is high, especially since the regulated prices set for infrastructure services are often low. Access is often difficult, however, because of shortages of infrastructure, and quality is often unsatisfactory because of poor maintenance and indifferent management. These problems of access are exacerbated by the regulation of prices. This overview also points to the markedly different performances of industries in which pro-competitive policies have been applied and those in which more traditional policies of close regulation have restricted the operation of markets.     

Integrated educational management for the universities

The research model investigates the integrated form of educational management for the universities. To enhance the operations, generate quality outcomes for the well-being of the society, this exploratory study depicts the two wings for the universities in four aspects including education development, education assessment, research development and research assessment. For the better understanding of education and research wings of the universities, the researchers identify different factors namely programs establishments, university culture, faculty capabilities and facilities those have been formularized by the structural equation modeling （SEM） through AMOS. The survey questionnaire was developed and analyzed the reliability and validity of the tools. The conceptual model for the universities provides a novel approach for decision makers to review and appraise their performance toward fulfillment of ultimate goals, i.e. producing high-caliber graduates and high-impact research outcomes for the betterment of the society. This research represents two contributions to the society including human resource contribution and research contribution.     

基于DEA方法的我国证券公司效率的实证分析

选取了具有一定代表性的证券公司为样本,根据2006年至2008年的财务数据,运用DEA的C2R模型和BC2模型来分析计算他们的技术效率、纯技术效率、以及规模效率。然后通过对不同证券公司的分析,揭示我国证券公司整体上的现状。