广场舞纠纷背后法律问题——用权利的三种保护规则分析

近几年,有关广场舞纠纷的报道越来越多,在这些纠纷的背后,正是各方法授权利的冲突。据此,从权利的三种保护规则,即财产规则、责任规则和不可让渡性三种方法分析,以此找出解决私权利冲突的方法。     

对域名权法律问题的探讨

域名权是近年来时代发展的产物,关于域名权纠纷及权利保护的案例这几年也逐渐渐多,但关于域名权和形象化权的法律问题尤其是法律性质问题还未形成通说,学界观点争议颇多。     

关于设立税务法庭的探讨

面对我国大量复杂的税务纠纷案件,税收司法成为维护纳税人权利、保障税法公正性的最后一套防线。但目前,我国法院在审理这一类案件时往往受制于法官专业能力的限制,通常需要向税收执法机构请教,使得税收执法机构不仅成为案件当事人,在裁决过程中也起着决定性的作用,从而导致我国法律公正性丧失的可能性。为了维护纳税人的权利、保障法律的权威性,笔者在借鉴国外经验和国内众多学者的研究上大胆提出了＂税务专案小组的＂构想。     

广场舞权利之争探究

广场舞是中国舞蹈的一种特色表现形式,进入21世纪以来其发展尤为迅猛,时至今日已经风靡全国。经过长期发展其已经改变了原有形式,成为一个新兴事物。新事物的产生所带来的并不仅仅是其本身,广场舞这一娱乐活动在带给广大中老年朋友(下文以"大妈"代称)以娱乐消遣的同时也引发了众多社会问题,如广场临近居民的安静权,其他人对广场的使用权等一系列争议。由于问题的复杂性这里主要探讨大妈们制造噪音(大妈跳广场舞所放音乐产生的高分贝的声音)的权利与广场临近居民安静权的问题。     

从权利保护规则分析广场舞扰民现象

广场舞带来的噪声污染一直是现实中存在的问题,从权利保护规则方面分析如何避免在共同的生存环境下减少各自权利的过度滥用而忽视整体的利益现象的发生,从而分析广场舞的噪声污染不能得到有效控制的具体原因并提出相关的解决措施。     

益于广开言路——WTO诉讼的第三方介入

在法律诉讼过程中,允许在案件中有利害关系的第三方介入的制度,不论从保证司法公正还是尊重第三方的权利来讲,都是必不可少的。《布莱克法律辞典》中的due process of law(正当执法过程)”一辞的解释为,“正常执法过程的基本要素是,在适应案件性质的     

网络版权的侵权问题研究

互联网的出现对各国的法律制度都提出了严峻的挑战。在网络发展的过程中,不可避免地出现了许多问题,对这些纠纷的处理,既有待于新的法律,也有待于正确适用现行的法律、法规。目前,网络上矛盾最突出的也是暴露最多的莫过于著作权的保护问题,这与互联网是一种信息的载体有关。网络上著作权侵权纠纷以及相应的法律救济是著作权保护制度向网络空间延伸过程中各种矛盾的综合反映,它构成了当代著作权保护中最新奇也最精彩的部分,同时也引发了网络上著作权保护的深入的思考。     

网络版权的侵权问题研究

互联网的出现对各国的法律制度都提出了严峻的挑战。在网络发展的过程中,不可避免地出现了许多问题,对这些纠纷的处理,既有待于新的法律,也有待于正确适用现行的法律、法规。目前,网络上矛盾最突出的也是暴露最多的莫过于著作权的保护问题,这与互联网是一种信息的载体有关。网络上著作权侵权纠纷以及相应的法律救济是著作权保护制度向网络空间延伸过程中各种矛盾的综合反映,它构成了当代著作权保护中最新奇也最精彩的部分,同时也引发了网络上著作权保护的深入的思考。     

从责任规则和财产规则的角度分析广场舞事件

广场舞事件已不再是单纯的社会问题而已经上升到法律层面,考验着社会治理能力和国民素质水平。本文从责任规则和财产规则角度对广场舞事件进行分别论述,再从两个规则方面进行比较分析,充分挖掘其问题成因和实质,研究其法律原理及道德命题。从解决国家公共服务资源短缺,政府介入,社会治理,统筹规划,法律保障等方面提出解决建议,为解决类似冲突提供参考。     

对城市房屋拆迁中法律问题的思考

随着城市化快速发展,城市增容促进了城市房屋大规模拆迁。在拆迁过程中引发的拆迁纠纷,不仅会影响城市建设和发展,还会对当地社会稳定、经济发展造成不同程度的影响。文章针对目前城市房屋拆迁存在的法律问题进行分析,对完善和健全立法、司法、执法等环节提出相应对策。     

Some Bad News Is Good News for Foreign Investors: The Case of Intellectual Property Rights Infringement in China

Despite China's attractiveness to foreign investors, intellectual property rights (IPR) protection in China has not caught up with international standards. This research aims to quantify the relationships between IPR violations, government effectiveness, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in the context of China. Our econometric modeling and estimation based on provincial level data over 2002‐2012 show that in an early development stage of law and regulatory enforcement, the bad news of a rising number of IPR dispute cases signals the good news of an improvement in law and regulatory enforcement, which encourages IPR owners to raise legal cases. By contrast, in the later development stage, when law and regulatory enforcement has become much more effective, the bad news of a rising number of IPR disputes manifests itself as very bad news. Furthermore, this study confirms that FDI inflows enhance IPR protection through improving government effectiveness, and government effectiveness is one of the key factors promoting FDIs. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Enforcement Activity in Consumer Protection Regulation in Croatia

The law regulating consumer protection in the Republic of Croatia began its intensive development through the process of harmonization of Croatian legislation with EU law. Apart from the approximation of Croatian legislation with the acquis, in the pre-accession process, Croatia also undertook obligations to introduce and develop corresponding mechanisms for the efficient enforcement of consumer protection in practice. The development of consumer protection policy was recognized as a priority area in Croatia, and even before full membership, the process of implementing new directives in the area of consumer protection ran almost in parallel to and at the same pace as that of the Member States. Alongside the harmonization of its legislation with the EU consumer acquis, Croatia started developing a regulatory enforcement structure, including a whole series of mechanisms to achieve individual and collective protection of consumer rights. Among other things, the satisfactory development of regulatory enforcement activities in consumer protection was one of the preconditions for the successful completion of the accession negotiations and for signing the accession treaty. At the same time, the article suggests that in the area of both the individual and collective realization of consumer protection, there is a need for further progress through, on the one hand, developing administrative capacities and enhancing access to justice, as well as developing a system of out-of-court settlement of consumer disputes on the other.     

经调解产生的国际商事和解协议的执行困境与突破——兼论《新加坡调解公约》与中国法律体系的衔接

经调解产生的国际商事和解协议因缺乏统一高效执行机制而使其高效、经济、友好地解决国际商事争议的优势难以充分彰显。新近生效的《新加坡调解公约》为国际商事和解协议的统一高效执行提供了国际法律框架。中国尚未建立完整的调解立法体系,更没有独立的商事调解法,也未形成专业化和职业化的调解队伍,还未培育出成熟的社会诚信体系,有碍国际商事和解协议的执行。为有效应对国际商事和解协议的执行困境,在中国已签署《新加坡调解公约》的背景下,建议积极研究该公约与中国法律制度的衔接问题,完善商事调解法律规范并适时制定独立的商事调解法,建立专职调解员队伍,培育成熟的社会诚信体系。     

比例原则对行政强制执行权的规制

比例原则是许多国家行政法上的一项重要的基本原则,其基本内涵是指行政权力的行使除有法律依据外,行政主体还必须选择对人民侵害最小的方式为之。由于缺乏法律的规制,行政强制执行成为目前我国行政权力中最活跃、最容易被滥用的一部分权力。本文拟在对比例原则涵义进行界定的基础上,分析比例原则对行政强制权规制的有效性,探求比例原则对行政强制执行权有效规范、制约的路径。     

户口迁移类行政案件若干法律问题研究——以上海市虹口区法院2005-2010年相关案件为研究对象

随着户籍制度改革步伐的加快与城市化进程的不断推进,由资源分配不均、利益驱动等多种原因引起的户口迁移及相关行政争议案件逐渐增多。户口迁移类行政案件具有地域性、政策相关性、影响广泛性等诸多特点,在审判中反映出一些问题,如户口迁移法律规范效力层次低,户口的工具性价值和利益性特征明显,行政机关在户口迁移审批过程中执法程序不严格等。通过提升立法层次、完善执法程序以及注重协调化解在行政审判中的侧重适用是解决户口迁移行政争议的有效路径。     

中美欧贸易报复制度的比较研究

WTO体制下,贸易报复是争端解决的最后保障,但WTO争端机制旨在解决成员之间的争端,因此,要赋予私人请求本国政府对另一国家进行贸易报复的权利,仍然需要国内立法.目前,各主要大国都通过国内立法赋予本国国民权利,以请求本国政府对另一国家进行贸易报复,为争端解决的国内程序和国际程序的衔接提供了基础,使得本国国民可以通过国内程序启动WTO的争端解决程序.与美欧相比,我国关于贸易报复的立法和实践经验均不甚丰富,确实需要借鉴较为完备的美欧立法,完善我国的有关法律制度.     

Networks to Enforce European Law: The Case of the Consumer Protection Cooperation Network

Central to this paper is the aim to discuss the effectiveness of the Consumer Protection Cooperation Network (also known as ??CPC Network??) for consumer protection in cross-border disputes in the European Union (EU). In doing so, this paper deals with the literature about networks established by grouping the Commission and national authorities to enforce European Law. The examples of the European Competition Network and the CPC Network are interesting because they raise questions with regard to the effectiveness and the accountability of emerging network-based law enforcement. The development of the CPC Network may have relevant implications for other areas of EU law and policy, including the question whether network-based governance could be transposed in other fields of EU Law.     

Family Business Succession in Hong Kong: The Case of Yung Kee

This case study examines the succession of Chinese family business in Hong Kong, drawing upon theories of the firm. More specifically, it utilizes capabilities theories, property rights economics and Neo-Confucianism to understand management disputes and infighting among the members in a Chinese family business in Hong Kong. This paper will argue that the founder of a Chinese business firm in Hong Kong is able to lead his or her offspring to create a dynamic enterprise via charismatic leadership and family rules embedded in traditional Chinese values. However, these two strategic assets disappear following the passing away of the founder as well as the emergence of new social values. When the founder passes on the enterprise to his or her offspring using more or less the equal inheritance system, the traditional Chinese value is unable to enforce the leader’s will to consolidate the strengths of the second generation family members to maintain the founder’s business. Furthermore, when the business is owned by all family members, property rights of the firm become unclear. Without effective enforcement of traditional Chinese values and with collective ownership rights, some family members will have the incentive to capture the economic rent that is shared by all members. In other words, some family members behave opportunistically or even cheat in order to capture economic gains in the public domain. High monitoring and enforcement costs in the form of court battle and endless disputes will occur. Rent dissipation occurs in the form of deterioration of the quality of the family business. This case study is based on Yung Kee, an internationally well-known roast goose restaurant in Hong Kong as an illustration.     

TPP关于投资者—国家争端解决的最新规制及其对中国的影响

投资者—国家仲裁机制作为国际投资争端解决的主要途径之一,在TPP协定中具有举足轻重的作用,势必在未来各国愈加频繁的经贸交往中产生重要而深远的影响。其条文本身在2012年美国BIT范本的基础上作了改进,采取多种形式限制仲裁庭管辖权,兼顾发展中国家的利益诉求,试图平衡国家与投资者的利益,同时为投资仲裁裁决执行扫清障碍,从而增强了投资者与国家仲裁的信心。面对TPP投资者—国家争端解决条款的最新规制,除了审视其与中国条约立法实践中的差距与不足之外,中国应继续完善投资争议国内救济手段,尽早颁布中国国家豁免法,采取一系列必要的应对法律措施,以减轻TPP新规则可能对中国带来的影响。     

In Lieu of a Sovereignty Shield,Multinational Corporations Should Be Responsible for the Harm They Cause

Some progress has been made in recent decades to articulate corporate social responsibility (CSR) and, more recently, to associate CSR with international enforcement of human rights. This progress continues to be hampered, however, by the ability of a multinational corporation (MNC) that violates human rights not only to shift liability from itself to a nation-state but even to win compensation from that nation-state for loss of profits due to restrictions on its business activities. In the process, the nation-state’s sovereignty is diminishing; and, in effect, though still attributed to nation-states, it is being transferred to the MNC. The main aim of this article is (1) to draw on normative considerations to claim that this MNC proto-sovereignty should be modified and (2) to contend that this can eventually be accomplished by adding to corporate adoption of CSR guidelines a regimen of global human rights enforcement. I base this contention on expectations about the internationalization of corporate criminal law and the globalization of civil society in general and of NGOs in particular. I consider various jurisdictions but I focus on US jurisprudence.