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1.
This article is an attempt to understand ethical theory not just as a set of well-developed philosophical perspectives but
as a range of moral capacities that human beings more or less grow into over the course of their lives. To this end, we explore
the connection between formal ethical theories and stage developmental psychologies, showing how individuals mature morally,
regarding their duties, responsibilities, ideals, goals, values, and interests. The primary method is to extract from the
writings of Kohlberg and his students the cues that help to flesh out a developmental picture of a wide range of ethical perspectives.
Thus, developmental psychology benefits from gaining a broader understanding of “morality” and “ethics,” and ethical theory
benefits from a richer understanding of how moral maturity arises from youthful beginnings in juvenile and adolescent thinking.
Results of this study offer insight into the difficulty of teaching ethics and a refined ability to assess moral maturity
in business activity.
F. Neil Brady is the Jack R. Wheatley Professor of Management Ethics in the Romney Institute of Public Management and a member
of the Ethics Group at the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University. He has published over thirty articles
on ethics in a variety of journals including the Academy of Management Review, Administration & Society, and the Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. He has authored Ethical Managing (Macmillan 1990) and edited Ethical Universals in International Business (Springer Verlag 1996). For twenty years, his research has focused on the application of ethical theory to managerial decisions.
David W. Hart is assistant professor of public management in the Romney Institute of Public Management and a member of the
Ethics Group at the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University. He received his PhD from the State University
of New York at Albany. His current research focuses on administrative ethics, business-government interaction, and the external
environment of organizations. He has published in a variety of journals and is the co-author of a book. Wall Street Polices Itself: How Securities Firms Manage the Legal Hazards of Competitive Pressures (Oxford University Press, 1998). 相似文献
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Using a two-part instrument consisting of eight vignettes and twenty character traits, the study sampled 141 employees of a mid-west financial firm regarding their predispositions to prefer utilitarian or formalist forms of ethical reasoning. In contrast with earlier studies, we found that these respondents did not prefer utilitarian reasoning. Several other hypotheses were tested involving the relationship between (1) people's preferences for certain types of solutions to issues and (2) the forms of reasoning they use to arrive at those solutions; the nature of the relationship between utilitarian and formalist categories; and the possibility of measuring ethical predispositions using different methods.
F. Neil Brady is Professor of Public Management and Associate Director for the Center for the Study of Values in Organizations in the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University. He is the author of Ethical Managing: Rules and Resultsand has published numerous articles on business ethics, ethical theory, and moral reasoning.Gloria E. Wheeler is Associate Professor of Public Management and Associate Director of the Institute of Public Management at Brigham Young University. Her primary areas are research methodology and human resource management. She has extensive survey research experience in many substantive fields and has published articles in journals covering such diverse areas as taxation, teaching, marketing, and human behavior in organizations. 相似文献
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Positive Group Context,Work Attitudes,and Organizational Misbehavior: The Case of Withholding Job Effort 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Considering the organization’s ethical context as a framework to investigate workplace phenomena, this field study of military
reserve personnel examines the relationships among perceptions of psychosocial group variables, such as cohesiveness, helping
behavior and peer leadership, employee job attitudes, and the likelihood of individuals’ withholding on-the-job effort, a
form of organizational misbehavior. Hypotheses were tested with a sample of 290 individuals using structural equation modeling,
and support for negative relationships between perceptions of positive group context and withholding effort by individual
employees was found. In addition, individual effort-performance expectancy and individual job satisfaction were negatively
related to withholding effort. The findings provide evidence that individual perceptions of positive group context play a
key role in the presence of misbehavior at work. The results indicate that positive group context might be an important element
of ethical climate that should be managed to temper occurrence of such adverse work behavior.
Roland E. Kidwell (PhD, Louisiana State University) is an associate professor in the Management and Marketing Department in
the College of Business at the University of Wyoming. His major research and teaching interests focus on new ventures and
economic development, family business, social entrepreneurship, business ethics, and workplace deviance. His research has
been published in academic journals such as the Academy of Management Review, Journal of Management, Journal of Business Venturing, International Entrepreneurship and Management
Journal, Journal of Accounting and Public Policy and Journal of Business Ethics. He is co-editor of the book, Managing Organizational Deviance (Sage, 2005).
Sean R. Valentine (DBA, Louisiana Tech University) is Professor of Management in the Department of Management, College of
Business and Public Administration at the University of North Dakota. His research and teaching interests include business
ethics, human resource management, and organizational culture. His work has appeared in journals such as Human Relations, Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, Journal of Business Research, Behavioral Research in Accounting
and Journal of Business Ethics. 相似文献
7.
Timothy J. Fogarty 《Journal of Business Ethics》1995,14(2):103-115
Traditional treatments of accountant ethics make implicit assumptions inconsistent with a sociological perspective. This paper identifies the ways in which accountant ethics have been approached both in literature pertaining to practice and the classroom. The boundaries of the topic, when its definitions are left tacit, systematically preclude many important features of ethics. Included in these are sociological treatments of the accounting profession as a group, extra-personal aspects of decision making, the stratification of accounting practice, and a sense of ethical action. The paper concludes with an illustration of how institutional theory has the potential to create a systematic sociological interpretation of accountant ethics.Timothy J. Fogarty is an assistant professor at the Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University. His research interests include accounting professionalism, public accounting organizations and accounting education. He has published articles in the accounting, sociology, management, legal and education literatures. 相似文献
8.
In modern societies entrepreneurship and innovation are widely seen as key sources of economic growth and welfare increases.
Yet entrepreneurial innovation has also meant losses and hardships for some members of society: it is destructive of some
stakeholders’ wellbeing even as it creates new wellbeing among other stakeholders. Both the positive benefits and negative
externalities of innovation are problematic because entrepreneurs initiate new ventures before their private profitability
and/or social costs can be fully recognized. In this paper we consider three analytical frameworks within which these issues
might be examined: pre-commitments, contractarianism, and an entrepreneurial framework. We conclude that the intersection
of stakeholder theory and entrepreneurial innovation is a potentially rich arena for research.
Nicholas Dew, Ph.D. is an assistant professor at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA. He teaches strategic management
in private and public sector organizations. His research interests include entrepreneurship, strategy and innovation. He has
published in several scholarly journals, including Strategic Management Journal, the Journal of Business Venturing, Industrial and Corporate Change and the Journal of Evolutionary
Economics.
Saras D. Sarasvathy, Ph.D. is an associate professor at the Darden Graduate School of Business Administration. She teaches
courses in entrepreneurship and ethics in Darden's MBA and doctoral programs. Her research focuses on the cognitive basis
for high-performance entrepreneurship. She has published in various scholarly journals, including the Academy of Management Review, Strategic Management Journal, the Journal of Businesss Venturing and the Journal of Evolutionary
Economics. Her first book Effectuation: Elements of Entrepreneurial Expertise was recently published by Edward Elgar. 相似文献
9.
Nhung T. Nguyen M. Tom Basuray William P. Smith Donald Kopka Donald McCulloh 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,77(4):417-430
In this study, we examined moral issues and gender differences in ethical judgment using Reidenbach and Robin’s [Journal of Business Ethics
9 (1990) 639) multidimensional ethics scale (MES). A total of 340 undergraduate students were asked to provide ethical judgment
by rating three moral issues in the MES labeled: ‚sales’, ‚auto’, and ‚retail’ using three ethics theories: moral equity,
relativism, and contractualism. We found that female students’ ratings of ethical judgment were consistently higher than that
of male students across two out of three moral issues examined (i.e., sales and retails) and ethics theories; providing support
for Eagly’s [1987, Sex Differences in Social Behavior: A Social-role Interpretation. (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc, Hillsdale, NJ, England)] social role theory. After controlling for moral issues, women’s
higher ratings of ethical judgment over men’s became statistically non-significant. Theoretical and practical implications
based on the study’s findings are provided.
Nhung T. Nguyen, assistant professor of human resource management at Towson University, received her Ph.D. in management from
Virginia Commonwealth University in 2001. Her research focuses on the use of situational judgement and personality tests in
personnel selection, ethics in management education, and the application of meta-analysis and structural equations modeling
in organizational research. Her research has appeared in the Journal of Applied Psychology, the International Journal of Selection and Assessment, Applied H.R.M. Research, and Journal of Applied Social Psychology among others.
M. Tom Basuray, Professor of Management at Towson University, received his Ph.D. in Business Administration in 1974 from University
of Oklahoma. His research interests are in areas of organizational effectiveness, leadership and development. His articles
have appeared in Journal of Organizational Change Management, Education & Psychological Measurement, International Journal of Management, Leadership
and Organizational Development Journal, and Journal of Experiential Learning and Simulation. He has consulted with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Public Broadcasting Corporation, and various state and municipal
government agencies both in Maryland and North Dakota.
William P.Smith, Associate Professor of Management in the College of Business and Economics at Towson University, received
his Ph.D. in Business Administration from Arizona State University in 1982. His research interests include business ethics,
privacy in the workplace and the role of social activism in corporate governance.
Donald Kopka, an Assistant Professor at Towson University, received his Ph.D., in International Business from George Washington
University in 1995. He teaches Business Strategy, Management Principles, and Entrepreneurship and Small Business, and was
Director of the Cornerstone-Professional Experience Program in the College of Business and Economics from 1999–2003. In 2004
he was a Fulbright Scholar in Vietnam where he taught entrepreneurship and business strategy, worked on curriculum development,
and conducted ongoing research on supporting industries. Information on his Fulbright experience can be found at his website
. His research interests include entrepreneurship, business development, and teaching pedagogy. He formerly ran a property
management business, was a program manager at the U.S. Small Business Administration, and served as a Peace Corps Volunteer
in the Philippines.
Donald N. McCulloh, Lecturer in Management at Towson University, received his M.S. degree in Financial Management from The
George Washington Unversity in 1968. He teaches Management Principles and has also taught Leadership. He served as Vice President
for Administration and Finance at Towson University until his retirement in 1997, since then he has been a full-time member
of the Management faculty. He has also served in the United States Air Force, and worked in several manufacturing industries
and the automotive industry. He was Executive Director of a non-profit community development corporation. 相似文献
10.
Steve McMillan Ronald Duska Robert Hamilton Debra Casey 《Journal of Business Ethics》2006,65(3):279-285
In previous research, we have argued that private companies should be more open with their scientific research findings. However,
our research assumed, somewhat naively perhaps, that public institutions were quite open. Recent findings have suggested otherwise,
and in this paper we explore the dilemma faced by industry, universities, and society in attempting to balance the needs of
openness (to rapidly advance the body of knowledge), with secrecy (to protect the economic returns to a new innovation).
G. Steven McMillan is an Associate Professor of Management at Penn State Abington. His research focuses on the management
of technology, particularly how technological competence translates into economic performance. His PhD is from Temple University.
Ronald F. Duska, PhD, holds the Charles Lamont Post Chair of Ethics and the Professions at The American College since 1996,
and is the director of the American College Center for Ethics in Financial Services. He is the author, co-author, or editor
of numerous books. His most recent books The Ethics of Accounting and Ethics for the Financial Services Professional were
published in 2003. He has authored numerous articles on philosophy and business ethics and has lectured and/or taught business
ethics as an adjunct at numerous universities, including The Wharton School and The Darden School. He offers workshops in
ethics and serves as a consultant and expert witness on matters pertaining to ethics in financial services.
Robert D. Hamilton, a PhD from the Kellogg School at Northwestern University, is Professor in the General and Strategic Management
Department at Temple University, in Philadelphia. His research focuses on the management of technology as well as strategy
implementation issues.
Debra L. Casey, JD, MS is an Assistant Professor of Management at Penn State Abington. Her research focuses on conflict management,
and in particular, the role of employee voice. She is a Law Review graduate of William and Mary, and a doctoral candidate
in labor and industrial relations at Rutgers University. 相似文献
11.
This research project seeks to discover whether certain characteristics of a moral issue facilitate individuals’ abilities
to detect violators of a conditional rule. In business, conditional rules are often framed in terms of a social contract between
employer and employee. Of significant concern to business ethicists is the fact that these social contracts are frequently
breached. Some researchers in the field of evolutionary psychology argue that there is a biological basis to social contract
formation and dissolution in business. However, although it is inescapable that biological forces shaped a fixed neural structure
that guides and limits humans’ abilities, we argue that characteristics of the situation in which the person finds himself
or herself moderate the activation of these neural circuits in ordinary business social contract situations. Specifically,
the moral intensity associated with the social contract conditional rule is likely to influence peoples’ abilities to detect
violators of the rule. This study utilizes adapted versions of the Wason selection task and manipulates the issue-contingent
moral intensity characteristics of magnitude of consequences, proximity, and social consensus to assess if moral intensity
facilitates detection of rule violators. Results from this empirical study indicate no relationship between moral intensity
characteristics and issue recognition but do provide insights into the evolutionary psychology approach.
David M. Wasieleski is an Assistant Professor in the Leadership and Change Management Division of the A.J. Palumbo School
of Business Administration and the John F. Donahue Graduate School of Business at Duquesne University. He received his Ph.D.
from the University of Pittsburgh. David’s recent research focuses on individuals’ biological propensity for ethical behavior
and its effect on workplace relationships. His other research interests include moral intensity, cognitive moral development,
stakeholder agenda-building, and policy learning.
Sefa Hayibor is an Assistant Professor of Management in the Sobey School of Business at Saint Mary’s University (Canada).
He received his Ph.D. from the University of Pittsburgh. His research interests include business ethics and ethical decision-making,
stakeholder motivation and management, charismatic leadership, and cognitive heuristics and biases. 相似文献
12.
The first aim of this paper was to investigate how the traditional Protestant work ethic (PWE) and more contemporary work
values (i.e., masculine, feminine, and entrepreneurship values) were related to one another, and differed across genders and
two cultural contexts, namely Turkey and the U.S. The second aim was to elucidate the role of religiosity in PWE among the
two cultural groups. Two hundred and sixty six American and 211 Turkish university students participated in this questionnaire
study. The analyses examining cross-cultural differences revealed that Turkish university students reported greater scores
in the PWE and all contemporary work values as compared to their American counterparts. For the Turkish sample, there were
no gender-related differences in the PWE, whereas in the U.S. sample, men reported greater PWE scores than did women. With
regard to gender differences in contemporary work values, our results showed that gender groups differed in feminine and entrepreneurship
values in both cultural contexts; men emphasized femininity and entrepreneurship more than women in Turkey but the reverse
was true in the U.S. Correlations between contemporary work values and the PWE illustrated that the PWE is associated with
entrepreneurship and masculine values in both cultural contexts and with feminine values in the Turkish context. Finally,
our results regarding the role of religiosity in PWE indicated that highly religious participants reported greater PWE scores
than the less religious ones regardless of culture. Findings are discussed with reference both to differences in the two socio-cultural
contexts and to recent change in the social structure of Turkish society.
Zahide Karakitapoğlu Aygu¨n received her Ph.D. in social psychology from Middle East Technical University Turkey. She is currently
an assistant professor at Bilkent University, Faculty of Business Administration. Her research interests concern values, commitment
and justice.
Mahmut Arslan (BSc, MA, PhD) is an Associate Professor received his graduate degree from Hacettepe University Department of
Public Finance. He completed a masters degree in Business Administration at Hacettepe University Department of Business Administration
and his PhD in Business at University of Leeds (UK). He has worked as a financial analyst and a research assistant. Dr. Arslan
has also worked for the several reorganization projects as analyst and coordinator. He became Assistant Professor in 2000
and Associate Professor in 2003 at Hacettepe University Department of Business Administration. He teaches management and business
ethics, organizational behaviour. He is also the director of Hacettepe University Centre for Business and Professional Ethics.
Dr. Col. Salih Gu¨ney is an Associate Professor graduated from Hacettepe University Department of Sociology in Ankara in 1980.
He received master's degree in behavioral sciences from the University of Istanbul, Faculty of Management in 1987. He finished
his doctoral studies in behavioral sciences at the same university and received his PhD in 1988. He became an associated professor
in 1997. He is currently the head of the behavioral sciences branch in the Turkish Military Academy. He teaches behavioral
sciences, communication theory, introduction to sociology, and public relations at the Military Academy. 相似文献
13.
A survey of middle level managers in India (n=150) showed that when respondents perceived that successful managers in their organization behaved unethically their levels of job satisfaction were reduced. Reduction in satisfaction with the facet of supervision was the most pronounced (than with pay or promotion or co-worker or work). Results are interpreted within the framework of cognitive dissonance theory. Implications for ethics training programs (behavioral and cognitive) as well as international management are discussed.
Chockalingam Viswesvaran is assistant professor at Florida International University. His research interests include business ethics and personnel management. He has published in Journal of Applied Psychology, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, and Relations Industrielles.
Satish P. Deshpande is associate professor at Western Michigan University. His research interests include business ethics, managerial decision making. He has published in Academy of Management Journal, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Relations Industrielles, and Human Relations. 相似文献
14.
Ron Bird Anthony D. Hall Francesco Momentè Francesco Reggiani 《Journal of Business Ethics》2007,76(2):189-206
Corporate management is torn between either focusing solely on the interests of stockholders (the neo-classical view) or taking
into account the interests of a wide spectrum of stakeholders (the stakeholder theory view). Of course, there need be no conflict
where taking the wider view is also consistent with maximising stockholder wealth. In this paper, we examine the extent to
which a conflict actually exists by examining the relationship between a company’s positive (strengths) and negative (concerns)
corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and equity performance. In general, we find little evidence to suggest that
managers taking a wider stakeholder perspective will jeopardise the interest of its stockholders. However, our findings do
suggest that the market is not only influenced by the independent CSR activities, but also the totality of these activities
and that the facets that they value do vary over time. It seems that␣most recently, the market has valued most firms that
satisfied minimum requirements in the areas of diversity and environmental protection but were most proactive in the area
of employee-relations.
Ron Bird is an Emeritus Professor in the School of Finance and Economics at the University of Technology, Sydney. His research
interests focus on market implications of corporate social responsibility and also dysfunctionality within capital markets.
He received his Master's degree in economics at Monash University in 1971.
Anthony D. Hall is currently the Head of the School of Finance and Economics and Director of the Quantitative FinanceResearch
Centre at the University of Technology, Sydney. His research interests cover all aspects of financial econometrics. He was
awarded a PhD in econometrics from the London School of Economics in `976.Francesco Momente is Professor of Corporate Finance
at the Bocconi University, Milan (Italy). His research intersts focus on the market valuation of corporate social responsibility
and the value relevance of accounting information.He received his PhD in General Management at Ca' Foscari University, Venice
(Italy) in 1998. Francesco Reggiani is Professor of Corporate Finance at the Bocconi University, Milan (Italy). His research
interests focuson the market valuation of corporate social responsibility and corporate governance. He received his PhD in
GeneralManagement at Bocconi University in 2001. 相似文献
15.
The Effectiveness of Business Codes: A Critical
Examination of Existing Studies and the Development of an Integrated Research Model 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Business codes are a widely used management instrument. Research into the effectiveness of business codes has, however, produced
conflicting results. The main reasons for the divergent findings are: varying definitions of key terms; deficiencies in the
empirical data and methodologies used; and a lack of theory. In this paper, we propose an integrated research model and suggest
directions for future research.
Muel Kaptein is Professor of Business Ethics and Integrity Management at the Department of Business-Society Management at
RSM Erasmus University. His research interests include the management of ethics, the measurement of ethics and the ethics
of management. He has published papers in the Journal of Business Ethics, Business & Society, Organization Studies, Academy
of Management Review, Business & Society Review, Corporate Governance, Policing, Public Integrity, and European Management
Journal. He is the author of the books Ethics Management (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998),The Balanced Company (Oxford University
Press, 2002), and The Six Principles of Managing with Integrity (Spiro Press, 2005). Muel is also director at KPMG Integrity,
where he assisted more than 40 companies in developing their business code.
Mark S. Schwartz is Assistant Professor of Goverance, Law and Ethics at the Atkinson School of Administrative Studies at York
University (Toronto). His research interests include corporate ethics programs, ethical leadership, and corporate social responsibility.
He has published papers in the Journal of Business Ethics, Business & Society, Business Ethics Quarterly, Professional Ethics,
and the Journal of Management History, and is a co-author of the textbook Business Ethics: Readings and Cases in Corporate
Morality (McGraw Hill). He is also a Research Fellow of the Center of Business Ethics (Bentley College) and the Business Ethics
Center of Jerusalem (Jerusalem College of Technology). 相似文献
16.
Conceptualization and measurement of organizational commitment involve different dimensions that include economic, affective,
as well as moral aspects labelled in the literature as: ‘continuance’, ‘affective’ and ‘normative’ commitment. This multidimensional
framework emerges from the convergence of different research lines. Using Aristotle’s philosophical framework, that explicitly
considers the role of the will in human commitment, it is proposed a rational explanation of the existence of mentioned dimensions
in organizational commitment. Such a theoretical proposal may offer a more accurate definition of ‘affective commitment’ that
distinguishes feelings from rational judgments. The use of a philosophical explanation coherent with psychological findings
also allows the discovery of a wider moral concept of ‘normative commitment’.
Tomás F. González Cruz is Senior Lecturer in Business Administration at the University of Valencia, Spain. He earned his Bachelor’s
degree in Business Administration in Valencia University. Likewise, he has a Doctorate in Business Administration at Valencia
University. His principal research interests are: Organizational design and the way in which it is a source of sustainable
competitive advantage, ethics, leadership, resource and competence-based theory, total quality management.
Manuel Guillén is Senior Lecturer in Management, at the University of Valencia (Spain). Prof. Guillén earned his PhD in Management
with a specialization in ethics and strategic management integration. He has been Visiting Scholar at the University of St.
Thomas, Minnesota (USA); at the Notre Dame University, Indiana, USA; and guest Visiting Student at IESE Business School doctoral
program, in Barcelona. He has presented some of his research at the top conferences in the field (International Strategic
Management Society Conference, Annual Conference of the European Business Ethics Network, EBEN) and has published in business
ethics and management journals. Since 1997 teaches Business Ethics Seminaries in different Business Schools, institutions
and companies. 相似文献
17.
Lapses in ethical conduct by those in corporate and public authority worldwide have given business researchers and practitioners
alike cause to re-examine the antecedents to personal ethical values. We explore the relationship between ethical values and
an individual’s long-term orientation or LTO, defined as the degree to which one plans for and considers the future, as well
as values traditions of the past. Our study also examines the role of work ethic and conservative attitudes in the formation
of a person’s long-term orientation and consequent ethical beliefs. Empirically testing these hypothesized relationships using
data from 292 subjects, we find that long-term perspectives on tradition and planning indeed engender higher levels of ethical
values. The results also support work ethic’s role in fostering tradition and planning, as well as conservatism’s positive
association with planning. Additionally, we report how tradition and planning mediate the influence of conservatism and work
ethic on the formation of ethical values. Limitations of the study and future research directions, as well as implications
for business managers and academics, are also discussed.
Jennifer L. Nevins is an assistant professor of marketing in the Walker College of Business at Appalachian State University.
Her articles have been published in journals such as Journal of the Academy of the Marketing Science and Journal of Business
Research.Her research interests include export marketing, distribution channels, and the influence of cultural values on international
channel relationships.
William O.Bearden is the Bank of America Chaired Professor of marketing in the Moore School of Business at the University
of South Carolina. His articles have been published in journals such as journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,
and Journal of Retailing. His research interests include consume perception of value and prices,measurement of consumer and marketing constructs, and
the effects of marketplace Promotions.
R.Bruce Money is the Donald Staheli Fellow and associate professor of marketing and international business in the Marriott
School of Management, Brigham Young university. His articles have been published in journals such as Journal of Marketing, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of International Business Studies, and Sloan Mangement Review. His research interests include the international aspects of national culture’s measurment and effects, business-to-business
marketing, word-of-mouth promotion, services marketing, and negotiation.
“It appears many executives based their business decisions on how they could quickly build, and then protect, their own personal
fortunes – and cared less about the long-term growth and profitability of their company.” – Associated Press
(Clendenning, 2002) on the Enron collapse 相似文献
18.
Observers’ Impressions of Unethical Persons and Whistleblowers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Since there have been many recent occurrences of alleged wrongdoing by business persons and other professionals, it seems
additional ethics research is needed to obtain knowledge that will impact real-world behavior. An empirical study assessed
business students’ impressions of hypothetical wrongdoers and whistleblowers. To some extent, impressions of an unethical
executive and a whistleblower were influenced by the same variables and in opposite directions. Female respondents judged
the unethical executive less favorably and the whistleblower more favorably than did males. The executive was rated less favorably
and the whistleblower more favorably when the executive sought a small gain than when the goal was a large gain or prevention
of a loss of either magnitude. Some manipulations, however, impacted impressions of one actor, but not the other. Perhaps
ethics training can make students aware that issue␣framing and moral intensity components may bias decisions.
Wayne H. Decker, Ph.D. (University of Pittsburgh) is a Professor of Management and former Chair of the Management and Marketing
Department in the Perdue School of Business at Salisbury University. His publications include articles in the Journal of Managerial
Issues, Journal of Applied Business Research, Journal of Business and Enterpreneurship, Review of Business Research, Journal
of Retail Banking, and Real Estate Finance. His current research interests are ethics, managerial humor, leadership, and career
development.
Thomas J. Calo, Ed.D. (George Washington University) is a Lecturer in Management in the Perdue School of Business at Salisbury
University. He is a former corporate and public sector human resources executive who is now teaching full-time. He is a Certified
Professional of the International Public Management Association for Human Resources. His reseearch interests are in the areas
of business ethics, leadership, and the psychosocial aspects of mid-career professionals. 相似文献
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Faculty across a wide range of academic disciplines at 89 AASCB-accredited U.S. business schools were surveyed regarding their
perceptions of the ethical nature of faculty behaviors related to undergraduate course content, student evaluation, educational
environment, research issues, financial and material transactions, and social and sexual relationships. We analyzed responses
based on whether instruction in the academic discipline focused mainly on quantitative topics or largely on qualitative issues.
Faculty who represented quantitative disciplines such as accounting and finance (n = 383) were more likely to view behaviors such as selling complimentary textbooks and grading on a strict curve as more ethical
than faculty representing more qualitative disciplines such as management and marketing (n = 447). In contrast, faculty in quantitative disciplines were more likely to view behaviors such as showing controversial
media and bringing up sexual or racial charged matters as less ethical than their counterparts. Whereas these differences
may be attributed to the respondents’ academic backgrounds, the large level of agreement on ethical behaviors raises questions
about the growing influence of business disciplines that operate within more unified research and teaching paradigms.
Linda Kidwell (PhD, Louisiana State University) is an associate professor in the Accounting Department at the University of
Wyoming where she teaches auditing as well as accounting ethics. Her research interests include academic ethics, auditing
ethics, and governmental auditing. Her research has been published in the Journal of Business Ethics, Teaching Business Ethics, CPA Journal, Journal of Accounting and Public Policy and elsewhere. She has taught in the United States, Australia, and Canada. She has also been a frequent faculty mentor in
the National Conference on Ethics in America held annually at the United States Military Academy (West Point).
Roland Kidwell (PhD, Louisiana State University) is an associate professor in the Management and Marketing Department at the
University of Wyoming where he teaches courses in new ventures, human resource management and general management. His current
research interests include ethical issues involving family businesses and new ventures, social entrepreneurship, and workplace
deviance such as withholding effort (free riding, shirking, social loafing) in organizational contexts. He is co-editor of
a book of readings and cases, Managing Organizational Deviance (2005, Sage), and his research has appeared in Academy of Management Review, Journal of Business Ethics, Journal of Management, Journal of Business and Psychology and elsewhere. 相似文献