"创牌"跨越"创汇"的困惑

一味"创汇",中国企业与世界名牌无缘 长期以来,中国缺的是资本,外汇更为稀罕.因而,开放之初,政府制定了出口创汇的外向型经济战略.在短缺经济环境下,这一战略功不可没,十多年后,我国外汇储备总量已位居世界前列.然而,新历史时期,中国企业渴望挤身世界名牌和<财富>500强,不再只满足于"创汇",而是要"创牌",创世界名牌.     

由"民工荒"引发对"刘易斯拐点"的思考

随着2004年珠三角地区"民工荒"的出现,国内学者对"刘易斯拐点"的研究越来越多有的认为"刘易斯拐点"已经到来,有的认为中国"刘易斯拐点"的到来为时尚早.本文通过对中国"民工荒"本质和刘易斯二元经济模型进行分析,结合中国现状对刘易斯模型做了改造,使其能更好的解释在中国农村尚存在大量剩余劳动力的情况下出现的"民工荒"现象.     

重型车"战事"一触即发

资本的集中,证明了重卡行业诱人的近景和远景.其实,在中国汽车近几年的高速发展中,最大的增长亮点就是重卡这个庞然大物.自2000年以来,重卡销售以每年70%～80%的速度激增,增幅高居汽车行业之首.这主要是因为中国近些年来是以投资为主的经济增长而导致的.     

中国零售市场"谁主沉浮"

2007年12月11日,不论对于中国还是世界都是一个值得纪念的日子! 根据中国加入世贸组织时的承诺,在这一天中国取消了对外资零售企业在地域、股权和数量等方面的各项限制.中国零售市场正式对外资"开闸放水",标志着中国零售业已站在了全面开放的新起点.     

中国要市场而非"凯恩斯"

2008年的金融危机再一次无情的摇撼着整个资本主义的自由市场.改革开放市场化以后的中国,无疑已经把我国自身的一部分经济血管自愿的与资本主义自由市场相连接.成也萧何,败也萧何.一次又一次周期性如期而至的经济危机,不断冲击着我们对经济发展模式的思考方式.本文拟通过对中国社会主义市场经济体制的改革和资本主义危机理论一"凯恩斯主义"的分析,从他们看似殊途同归的抉择中,发现他们质的不同.探讨中国应该以怎样的态度来运用市场促进中国的经济社会成长.     

从"中国制造"到"中国品牌"

日前,有报道称,全球最大的零售商沃尔玛的一个著名冰箱品牌MAGICHEF,中文称为"神奇的厨师"的产品实际上是是由中国广东科龙电器公司设计并生产的.但最终在产品上出现的仅仅是一个宽泛的"MADE IN CHINA"(中国制造)的标识,而不是国内驰名的科龙电器商标.科龙是我国著名企业,科龙集团拥有着包括科龙、容声、华宝和三洋在内的多个品牌.一个国内如此有影响力、如此成功的企业却依然要为国外知名品牌作贴牌生产,以小突击大,我们不得不为中国企业的现状和发展前景忧虑.     

教育、人力资本与创新——基于"量"与"质"的双重考察

人力资本和创新质量是中国创新在投入和产出两个方面的薄弱环节.本文将中国专利数据与中国工业企业数据合并匹配,利用1999年开始的中国高等教育扩招作为人力资本供给冲击的自然实验,构建双重差分计量模型识别和估计教育与人力资本对企业创新表现的影响.研究表明,教育和人力资本是影响企业创新的重要因素,高等教育扩招所推动的人力资本供给提升对创新的积极影响不仅体现在专利申请数量所度量的"量"的维度,还体现在专利前向引用所度量的"质"的维度.本文的研究凸显了以教育、人力资本和创新驱动中国经济高质量发展的重要意义.     

摩托车光明的"潜力股"

中国是摩托车生产和出口大国,中国生产的摩托车已经连续13年位居全球产量第一,连续7年位居摩托车出口第一.2006年,中国出口摩托车640.4万辆,同比增长41.1%,出口金额25.2亿美元,同比增长41.4%.摩托车出口对行业增长的贡献率为52.7%.     

"洒扫庭厨"迎开放

"入世"大局已定的中国,从去年开始清理外经贸法律法规.外经贸高官称,在清理、分类的基础上,根据中国加入世贸组织和中国对外承诺的期限,结合中国的具体情况,将对这些法律法规提出保留、修改或废止的具体建议,然后分轻重缓急进行修订.     

"十二五"的中国海关

深刻认识新阶段 经过十多年的努力,海关基本建立起了与中国社会主义市场经济体制相适应、与改革开放相配套、与国际海关通行规则相衔接的海关管理体制机制.海关对中国经济社会发展的贡献更加突出,在维护市场经济秩序和国家安全中的作用更加明显,在国际海关中的地位更加重要.与此同时,海关工作所处的环境也发生了深刻变化.     

“国轮国运”战略刺激我国船舶内需市场发展

中国对国际石油的严重依赖已成一个基本事实和趋势．中国已经不得不走上了全球寻油之路。中国有90％以上的进口石油是通过海上运输的。由于中东和非洲的政治局势并不稳定，我国运输航线面临“马六甲危险”。为了中国船队在5年内把中国油轮船队承担的进口石油份额，从现在的10％提高到30％左右，为此政府将在资金和政策上不遗余力的给予支持。     

Gender divisions of domestic labour and paid domestic services

ABSTRACT

This article investigates the relationship between the sharing of domestic tasks in dual-earner mixed-sex couples and the use of paid domestic services. Using results from a small-scale survey of the domestic outsourcing practices of employees of a large service-sector organisation in the UK, we find that in households: full-time working by women and presence of younger children is positively associated with the use of paid domestic services; there is no association between the gender division of traditionally female domestic tasks carried out within the couple and use of paid services; but in contrast, greater male involvement in traditionally male and traditionally gender-neutral tasks is positively associating with using paid domestic services. These findings tentatively suggest that a new arrangement may be emerging in which some couples address a heavy workload and a desire for a less traditional division of domestic labour by men participating more in close-ended domestic tasks and outsourcing the more time-consuming tasks traditionally undertaken by women to paid-service providers.     

Globalization and domestic conflict

When a resource like oil is domestically contested, trade patters and welfare can be very different than when property rights are costlessly enforced. Whereas (small-country) importers of the contested resource gain unambiguously relative to autarky, exporters of the contested resource lose under free trade, unless the world price of the resource is sufficiently high. Regardless of what price obtains in world markets, countries tend to over-export the contested resource compared to the absence of conflict. For a wide range of prices, higher international prices of the contested resource reduce welfare, an instance of the “natural resource curse.”     

Globalization and domestic conflict

When a resource like oil is domestically contested, trade patters and welfare can be very different than when property rights are costlessly enforced. Whereas (small-country) importers of the contested resource gain unambiguously relative to autarky, exporters of the contested resource lose under free trade, unless the world price of the resource is sufficiently high. Regardless of what price obtains in world markets, countries tend to over-export the contested resource compared to the absence of conflict. For a wide range of prices, higher international prices of the contested resource reduce welfare, an instance of the “natural resource curse.”     

Hot surface temperatures of domestic appliances

Background Domestic appliances are burning people. In the European Union, accidents requiring hospital treatment due to burns from hot objects account for between 0 and 1% of all such accidents. Young children are particularly at risk. These reported accidents requiring hospital treatment are also likely to be a small proportion of the total number of burns from hot objects. Research method There is a lack of hard evidence about the level of accidents, typical consumer expectation and use, and on the state of the art of appliances. Results of technical laboratory tests carried out on products are used to demonstrate the state of the art and also show how consumer expectations could be changing. Results of a survey into accidents, based on a written questionnaire following telephone contact, provide information on non-hospital cases. Results Results of tests on products show that there are significant differences in the temperatures of touchable surfaces, even in products of the same type. Typically, these differences are due to variations in design and/or materials of construction. Some products are hot enough to burn skin. Accident research indicates that non-hospital medical practices are treating burn injuries, which are therefore not being included into the current accident statistics. Conclusions ? For products with the same function, some types of design or materials of construction are safer, with lower surface temperatures. Many product standards have no or unnecessarily high limits on surface temperatures. ? Many standards do not address the realities of who is using their products, for what purpose or where they are located. Some standards use unreasonable general limitations and exclusions that allow products with higher surface temperatures than they should have. ? Many standards rely on the experience factor for avoiding injury that is no longer valid, with the increased availability of safer products of the same type. A major field of work ahead is to carry out more surveys and in-depth studies of non-fatal accidents and injuries.     

Incumbent innovation and domestic entry

This paper analyzes the escape-entry incentive for innovation by incumbent firms. The threat posed by the possibility of leading-edge firms entering the market influences incumbent innovation. To overcome problems of endogeneity, we apply an instrumental variable approach to analyze a rich firm-level dataset (1987–2000) for Germany. We find evidence that domestic entry has a negative effect on incumbent product innovation, which is a strong indication of new entrants’ comparative advantage in commercializing new ideas. In contrast, domestic entry has a positive effect on incumbent process innovations, an effect also known as the escape-entry effect.     

Mess: on domestic overflows

Many homes in affluent Western societies have an ongoing battle against domestic mess, because of the steady inflow of new acquisitions. This essay looks at the ways in which mess has travelled through modern history and has ended up as both a powerful metaphor and a constant everyday worry in consumer life. In this process, mess has often been defined as a problematic condition, often reflecting the moral shortcoming of messy individuals. It has also created new market opportunities, services and solutions for de-cluttering. Mess illustrates some of the tensions in contemporary patterns of consumption and highlights the understudied aspects of how commodities are transformed during their domestic life cycle. The focus is on the ways in which materiality and affect are linked in these processes. The paper draws on an ongoing research project, “Managing Overflow.”     

China boosts domestic woolteXtile sales

The just completed cotton season played havoc and spared neither the farmer nor the trader in the initial months of the new cotton crop arrivals in the market. Despite the fact that prices ruled at four year lows, there was minimal demand from the textile mills for want of liquidity. China fared no better, but was saved by the market intervention of the government which procured huge amounts of cotton from the farmers and ginners.     

扩大内需与发展商业

今天我想就学会的研究工作讲点意见。比较长时间以来,学会的研究重点放在理论方面,在理论方面又是重点放在商业的改革开放和体制方面比较多。相对来讲,在理论联系实际方面,我们研究国内市场问题,包括市场形势、市场存在的问题与对策等都比较少。希望今后在研究商业经济理论和联