我国股份回购制度探讨

股份回购是成熟资本市场上比较常见的资本运营方式和企业经营策略,尤其对于改善当前我国证券市场的产权结构和整治秩序具有极其重要的现实意义。但是相关立法的滞后,导致实践操作中诸多不规范性和回购实务的风险与不确定性,并且股份回购还极有可能导致公司债权人和中小股东利益受损。因此在分析股份回购的功能与价值的清晰定位的基础上,从着眼于保护公司债权人、中小股东利益的角度出发,完善股份回购制度的实施细则和具体操作方式。这也是当前完备我国证券市场一个迫在眉睫的课题。     

我国股份回购制度探讨

股份回购是成熟资本市场上比较常见的资本运营方式和企业经营策略,尤其对于改善当前我国证券市场的产权结构和整治秩序具有极其重要的现实意义。但是相关立法的滞后,导致实践操作中诸多不规范性和回购实务的风险与不确定性,并且股份回购还极有可能导致公司债权人和中小股东利益受损。因此在分析股份回购的功能与价值的清晰定位的基础上,从着眼于保护公司债权人、中小股东利益的角度出发,完善股份回购制度的实施细则和具体操作方式。这也是当前完备我国证券市场一个迫在眉睫的课题。     

我国上市公司股份回购问题探讨

股份回购在西方资本市场是一种成熟的资本运作手段,但在我国尚属新生事物。我国上市公司股份回购尚还存着法律法规滞后,对上市公司易造成一定的财务风险,对社会法人股股东、社会公众股股东及债权人的利益难以保障等问题。应放宽股份回购的限制,合理确定股份回购的价格,加强对债权人和中小股东的保护。     

对我国异议股东股份回购请求权制度的评析与完善

我国新《公司法》增设的异议股东股份回购请求权制度,是平衡公司各方利益、保护中小股东权益的一项制度设计,是对股份回购禁止的一种例外允许。但我国单纯地引入这一制度的同时却没有做相应的程序设计,较多的制度漏洞在实际操作中的扩大可能损害公司债权人的利益。本文试通过对我国异议股东股份回购请求权的立法现状作出评析,检讨我国公司法的相关规定,从公司债权人保护、异议股东请求权的适用及行使程序的角度提出相关完善建议。     

论异议股东股份回购请求权

异议股东股份回购请求权的目的在于克服资本多数决的弊端,保护少数股东的利益。异议股东股份回购请求权适用于有限责任公司和股份有限公司中的公司合并、公司章程变更、公司重要资产转让、出租和置换等重大事项。异议股东股份回购请求权有严格的行使程序。国外对此大都有明确定。我国《公司法》中对此虽有明确规定,但不全面。应从异议股东股份回购请求权适用的具体事项、异议股东股份回购请求权的行使程序、回购股份价格的确定办法、异议股东股份回购请求权的争议解决措施等方面进行完善。     

论异议股东股份回购请求权

异议股东股份回购请求权的目的在于克服资本多数决的弊端,保护少数股东的利益。异议股东股份回购请求权适用于有限责任公司和股份有限公司中的公司合并、公司章程变更、公司重要资产转让、出租和置换等重大事项。异议股东股份回购请求权有严格的行使程序。国外对此大都有明确定。我国《公司法》中对此虽有明确规定,但不全面。应从异议股东股份回购请求权适用的具体事项、异议股东股份回购请求权的行使程序、回购股份价格的确定办法、异议股东股份回购请求权的争议解决措施等方面进行完善。     

上市公司股份回购中中小股东利益保护探析

2006年国家颁布和实施了新公司法,鼓励和放松有关上市公司股利回购的政策,这就预示着我国股份回购的应用将变得更加广泛起来。股份回购中有关中小股东利益保护的问题也得到广泛关注。我们必须要认真对待并且采取一定的措施来保护股市中的主要投资体——中小投资者。     

中小股东利益保护研究

对股东的利益保护一直都是公司法中比较注重的问题,由于中小股东的特殊性,因此对中小股东的利益保护一直被作为是重点研究的对象。本文通过对中小股东利益保护的基本理念概述,从召集议事、知情权、回购请求权以及代表诉讼等四个方面简要研究新公司法对中小股东的利益研究。     

中小股东利益保护研究

对股东的利益保护一直都是公司法中比较注重的问题．由于中小股东的特殊性，因此对中小股东的利益保护一直被作为是重点研究的对象。本文通过对中小股东利益保护的基本理念概述，从召集议事、知情权、回购请求权以及代表诉讼等四个方面简要研究新公司法对中小股东的利益研究。     

上市公司股票回购对中小股东权益的侵害及相应建议

结合具体的股票回购案例及相关分析公式从股份回购中信息的不对称,回购价格的不公平,回购风险的转嫁三个方面来阐述我国上市公司股票回购中对中小股东权益侵害的具体表现,并对此提出了四条相应建议：采取完善信息披露制度,确定股份回购的合理定价原则,改革流通股股东表决模式,规定公司违法回购股份的法律效力与责任。     

论我国上市公司股份回购制度的法律完善

股份回购是国外成熟的资本市场常见的资本运作方式,在我国还仅仅是一种金融创新行为。股份回购具有多种功能,在我国允许满足一定条件的上市公司回购自己股份更具有特殊的意义。但我国有关股份回购的立法粗糙滞后,已不能满足实践的需要。因此,坚持股东实质平等和保护债权人利益的立法原则,选择适宜的立法模式,建立既适应国情又符合国际惯例的股份回购法律制度非常必要。     

信邦制药股票回购动因及市场效应分析

股份回购在西方发展较早,已经成为资本主义国家公司管理层提高股价或调节资本结构的成熟手段。然而我国的股票回购在21世纪初才起步,实践经验较为不足。本文将分析信邦制药两次股票回购的市场反应并进行对比。结果发现,两次股票回购的实施确实产生了积极的市场影响。此外,基于差异性对比发现,回购目的、回购规模及高管增持公告三方面因素共同影响了信邦制药股票回购的市场效应,使得第二次股票回购市场反应比第一次更加显著。本研究对于公司管理层合理制定股票回购方案以达到预期目的具有一定的借鉴意义。     

我国上市公司股票回购研究

股票回购在发达国家早已是一种非常成熟的资本运作方式,而在我国却是一项金融创新的举措。我国资本市场股票回购,虽刚刚起步,但亦日益成为人们关注的焦点。股票回购对我国资本市场具有现实意义。目前,我国上市公司股票回购的实践中存在较大的障碍和急待解决的问题,为此,必须采取相应措施。     

美国股票回购动机演变对我国回购市场的启示

利用股票回购与每股收益变化之间的关系提供经济信号理论假设,随着美国公司股票回购的日益普遍,已经变得弱化或消失,股票回购的真正价值最终还是回归到股票价格与期望价值之间的经济利益。中国证卷市场上的股票回购开始于1992年,2005年成为市场新热点。在股权分置改革之时,股票回购将会成为中国资本市场新兴的金融工具。但要特别注意对于中小投资者利益的保护,完善股票回购的制度。     

Repurchase Announcements, Lies and False Signals

Prior stock repurchase studies have found evidence that the announcement of a repurchase program sends a positive signal to the market. Firms engaging in open-market repurchase programs do not have to report how, when, and if they actually repurchased any shares. Evidence following the stock market crash of 1987 indicates that many firms announcing repurchase plans did not actually repurchase any share and, by their own admission, had no intention of repurchasing shares. Companies announcing plans and not following through are apparently within the letter of the law. However, we argue that companies announcing plans with no intention of repurchasing shares are guilty of either lying or sending false signals. These companies create distrust in the investment community and intentionally mislead the public in violation of the SEC's antifraud provisions. Changes in the reporting procedures concerning repurchase plans are ethically and legally warranted.     

Share Repurchase Reasons and the Market Reaction to Actual Share Repurchases: Evidence from Australia

Using repurchase reasons provided by Australian companies for their stock repurchase programs, we ask if the market's response is different across repurchase motivations by examining actual daily share repurchases. We find that firms with the undervaluation motive experience a more positive stock price reaction when they report their repurchases to the market. We show that undervaluation motive firms repurchase fewer shares and have a lower program completion rate than other motives firms. During the 1‐year period following the repurchases, undervaluation motive firms do better than their control sample firms whereas other motive firms do not perform better or worse than their control sample firms. Overall, our results suggest that the undervaluation motive is a stronger signal than other repurchase motives, and contrary to the predictions of the standard signaling theories, management statements carry some value for the market. We also present some evidence suggesting that a costly action may not be needed for a signal to be credible.     

The Expansion of the U.S. Stock Market, 1885 1930: Historical Facts and Theoretical Fashions

Based on an analysis of the leading trading markets for stockin the United States, I document the dramatic expansion thattook place in the scale and scope of the country's stock marketfrom the mid-1880s to the early 1930s. My analysis suggeststhat a broad-based stock market was a long way from being establishedeven by the early teens. It took the impetus provided by WorldWar I, plus the enthusiasm of the 1920s, to bring such a marketinto existence. I consider the capacity of today's fashionabletheories, which link the development of stock markets to improvementsin minority shareholder protection, to explain the growth ofthe U.S. stock market, and find that they cannot account forthe historical patterns that I identify. However, I suggestthat there are other arguments that are worthy of further consideration.First, there were factors, besides minority shareholder rights,that led to changes in the demand for corporate stocks duringthis period, especially an increase in the demand for stocksby institutional investors, notably banks and insurance companies,as well as the emergence of a retail market for stocks afterWorld War I. Second, there were also important developmentsin the supply of corporate stocks after the War, including theissuance of stock to fund the expansion of young firms, butespecially to facilitate mergers and acquisitions by establishedfirms, which seem to have played an important role in drivingthe expansion of the U.S. stock market.     

中小股民投资收益结构的实证分析――以中小股民投资者为例

随着时代的发展,我国股市逐渐发展起来,越来越多的股民入股,但随着股市结构及政策的变化,我国的中小股民投资收益结构也发生了一定变化。本文通过对中小股民投资收益结构进行分析,研究我国股民的收益分类以及股民具体的构成,从而对我国的股民结构和公司结构进行深入研究,并且对于培养高水平且持续稳定的分红上市公司也有一定研究。     

Credibility of corporate announcements and market reaction: evidence from Canadian share repurchase programs

Do market participants evaluate the credibility of a firm's share repurchase announcement based on the firm's share repurchase history? Using a sample of 1,507 share repurchase programs for firms listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange from 1994 to 2005, we find that 69% of firms fail to acquire the target number of shares specified at announcement and many firms fail to repurchase any shares. We develop credibility indices and find a positive relationship between current announcement abnormal returns and completion credibility of previous announcements. We conclude that the market prices completion credibility of past share repurchase announcements in reacting to current repurchase announcements. Copyright © 2010 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Buy and buy again: The impact of unique reference points on (re)purchase decisions

Behavioral finance has uncovered that investor engage emotionally when trading. We investigate how three psychological factors influence purchase and repurchase decisions: representativeness, the influence of prior gains, and reference points. Using trading data of 7200 UK investors we find that purchase decisions are influenced by representative heuristic and repurchase decisions are influenced by both representative heuristic and prior profitability. Further survival analysis showed that investors use the prior selling price as a unique reference point. Investors are more likely to repurchase a stock when trading above its reference point, but more likely to initiate the repurchase when trading below. Investors are influenced by previous experience and engage learning behavior when they seek to reinforce past success. As reference points are inferred but infrequently researched, this research adds to the literature and provides important and robust results for those engaging with financial planning clients.