组织中自我领导对个体创新行为的影响研究

一直以来,组织领导学的研究重点在于团队或组织领导者以及领导者与下属之间的关系。自我领导以及自我领导对组织个体创新行为的影响的研究在国内研究成果不多。本文试图通过对自我领导的概念内涵、组织中个体创新行为的界定、以及自我领导对组织个体创新行为的影响的研究,总结出自我领导与个体创新性行为的关系模式。本文的研究结果不论对领导学研究领域还是创新性研究领域都有一定的借鉴作用。     

组织创新氛围对教师创新行为的影响:创新自我效能感的调节作用

创新行为(Innovation Behavior)作为创新领域的一个前沿主题,近年来受到了广泛的关注和支持,许多专家学者从不同的方面对创新行为进行了讨论分析。研究主要从组织创新氛围的概念、测量工具及结果变量等方面,对国内外相关研究进行了梳理分析,并探究创新自我效能感的调节作用。     

心理授权对个体创新行为的影响——同事支持的调节作用

心理授权的四个维度对个体创新行为具有直接显著的正向影响,其影响程度从大到小依次为自我效能、工作意义、工作影响和自主性.自我效能感高的员工更有信心面对不确定性并用新的方法解决问题,从而产生创新行为;从事有价值、有意义或对组织战略和政策具有较强影响力工作的员工,工作热情和创新积极性高;在工作上有充分自主权的员工,从工作中获得的内在激励程度更高,因而会产生更多的创新行为.同事支持对心理授权与个体创新行为之间的关系具有正向调节作用,即同事支持感越强,心理授权对个体创新行为影响越大.     

大学生压力感与核心自我评价的关系

本文通过采用大学生压力源问卷与核心自我评价量表(CSES)对326名大学生的压力感与核心自我评价进行评估。结果显示压力感问卷平均分为55.06±13.11分,核心自我评价量表平均分为30.14±7.20分;压力感在男女性别上存在显著性差异,核心自我评价在男女性别上不存在显著性差异;压力感与核心自我评价在不同年级上不存在显著性差异;压力感可以显著预测核心自我评价。结论得出压力感会影响到个体的核心自我评价,压力感水平高的个体通常会体验到较低的核心自我评价。     

在线品牌社群成员关系对顾客创新行为的影响:创新自我效能的调节作用

产品创新不仅来自企业内部,还来自外部顾客。其中,在线品牌社群被认为是产品创新信息收集的一种重要渠道。基于知识分享——个体创新理论,通过实证方法,研究品牌社群成员关系对顾客创新行为的影响,在二者的关系中,顾客创新自我效能起调节作用。结果表明,当社群成员之间沟通频繁且关系密切,知识、信息的交流、传播等越多,顾客越能够创造出新的知识;并且,当顾客的自我效能越高,这种正向关系效果更明显。     

大学生核心自我评价与生活满意度的关系

文章旨在探讨大学生核心自我评价与生活满意度的关系。采用核心自我评价量表(CSES)和生活满意度问卷(SWLS)对326名大学生的核心自我评价与生活满意度进行评估。研究结果表明,核心自我评价量表平均分为30.14±7.20分,生活满意度问卷平均分为14.41±2.76分;核心自我评价与生活满意度在男女性别上均不存在显著性差异(t=1.360,P>0.05;t=1.253,P>0.05);核心自我评价与生活满意度在不同年级上存在显著性差异(F=2.761,P>0.05;F=2.984,P>0.05);核心自我评价可以显著预测生活满意度(R2=0.35)。这表明核心自我评价会影响到个体的生活满意度,核心自我评价水平高的个体通常会体验到较高的生活满意度。     

高校教师核心自我评价与工作满意的关系

工作满意度（jobsatisfaction）是人们对其工作所持的一种总体的、综合的情感反应。它影响员工的离职率、工作绩效与心理健康等各个方面。影响工作满意度的因素众多,国外的研究表明,核心自我评价影响着工作满意度的水平。核心自我评价（Core Self Eval—uation）是指个体对自身所持有的基准的评价,它是近年来研究发现的对个体行为有着重要影响的、与自我概念相关的特质因素,它是一个包含自尊、一般自我效能感、控制点和情绪稳定性四个概念的高阶因素。因而,本文以高校教师为样本,考察了核心自我评价与工作满意度之间的关系。本文调查了广西8所大学的320名专职教研人员。文章分析了高校教师工作满意度的状况以及高校教师核心自我评价状况在人口统计学变量上差异显著。研究发现高校教师核心自我评价与工作满意度呈显著相关。     

供应商家长式行为导向与经销商建言行为：人情的调节作用

以渠道行为理论、中国本土社会心理学理论和家长式领导理论为基础,从中国传统文化的视角提出供应商家长式行为导向这一构念,将其细分为立威行为导向和施恩行为导向两个维度,并在供应商经销商关系中实证检验供应商家长式行为导向对经销商建言行为的影响以及人情的调节作用。以327份来自经销商的调查问卷为基础,研究结果显示：供应商家长式行为导向对经销商建言行为具有显著影响,立威行为导向会抑制经销商的建言行为,人情会削弱立威行为导向的抑制作用;而施恩行为导向会促进经销商的建言行为,人情会强化这一影响。     

核心自我评价对服装色彩偏好的影响

通过服装色彩偏好问卷、核心自我评价量表对186名被试进行问卷调查得出:(1)总体而言,被试者的核心自我评价处于中上水平;男性和女性的核心自我评价水平无明显区别;随着年龄和学历的增加,核心自我评价水平随之增加;不同职业的核心自我评价水平不一样,医护和退休人员的核心自我评价均值较高,工人的核心自我评价均值较低。(2)总的来说,被试者几乎都偏好黑色系、白色系、灰色系和蓝色系服装。(3)核心自我评价与偏好白色系服装存在相关关系。(4)不同服装色彩偏好之间存在一定的相关关系。     

高绩效工作系统与员工创新行为研究——创新自我效能感的中介作用

高绩效工作系统对组织和员工个体行为都存在积极影响,但现有文献中,从员工的心理感知视角,对高绩效工作系统和员工创新行为的探讨不足。本文结合既有研究,借助创新自我效能感这一变量对高绩效工作系统和员工创新行为进行探讨。研究表明:高绩效工作可以在员工创新自我效能感方面起到正面影响;员工创新行为会受高绩效工作系统影响而呈现出较好表现;高绩效工作系统和创新行为的中间介质为创新自我效能感。所获取的结论,对提高员工创新行为、完善高绩效工作系统有较多帮助,也可为企业达成员工创新能力与行为目标提供指导。     

The Effect of Ethical Orientation and Professional Commitment on Earnings Management Behavior

The purpose of this study is twofold. The first objective is to examine the impact of an individual’s ethical ideology and level of professional commitment on the earnings management decision. The second objective is to observe whether the presence of a personal benefit affects an individual’s ethical orientation or professional commitment within the context of an opportunity to manage earnings. Using a sample of 375 undergraduate business majors, our results suggest a significant relationship between an individual’s ethical orientation and decision-making. Further, participants with higher levels of professional commitment seem to be less likely to engage in earnings management behavior and less likely to behave opportunistically. These results have the potential to add to our understanding of certain behaviors in entry-level personnel and should be of interest to managers, practitioners, academicians, and researchers.     

人—组织匹配对员工创新行为的影响——心理授权的中介作用

人—组织匹配对员工创新行为具有显著的正向影响,其中价值观匹配和要求—能力匹配对员工创新行为具有显著的正向影响,需求—供给匹配对员工创新行为没有影响;人—组织匹配及三个维度均对心理授权具有显著的正向影响,心理授权对员工创新行为具有显著的正向影响;心理授权在人—组织匹配与员工创新行为之间起到部分中介作用。     

Moderating Effect of Relationship Life Cycle in Long-Term Orientation of Firm-Supplier Relationships

Abstract

The study of the long-term orientation of the commercial relationships established between companies and their suppliers is a topic of great interest at the present time. But although many authors have analyzed this temporal orientation, few have examined its dynamic nature. Moreover, there are no previous studies looking at the moderating effect of the relationship life cycle on the factors determining the temporal orientation of these relationships, comparing how some antecedents could have different effects depending on the specific stage the relationship has reached.

Thus, in the context of the Spanish agro-food sector, the current work examines this moderating effect, considering the industrial customers' point of view. Specifically, we analyze the effect of the initial stage compared with the intermediate stage of the life cycle on a set of antecedent factors of this long-term orientation. Our research offers important implications for the management of elements such as communication, cooperation, trust, satisfaction and commitment.     

Employee Reactions to Internet Monitoring: The Moderating Role of Ethical Orientation

Research has demonstrated that employee reactions to monitoring systems depend on both the characteristics of the monitoring system and how it is implemented. However, little is known about the role individual differences may play in this process. This study proposes that individuals have generalized attitudes toward organizational control and monitoring activities. We examined this argument by assessing the relationship between employees’ baseline attitudes toward a set of monitoring and control techniques that span the employment relationship. We further explore the effects of employees’ generalized attitudes toward monitoring and their individual ethical orientations on their attitudinal reactions to an Internet monitoring system implemented in their workplace. Results of a longitudinal study indicate that as expected, prior beliefs and ethical orientation interact to affect employees’ reactions to monitoring systems. Implications for research and practice are discussed.     

The Moderating Effect of Individuals' Perceptions of Ethical Work Climate on Ethical Judgments and Behavioral Intentions

Dimensions of the ethical work climate, as conceptualized by Victor and Cullen (1988), are potentially important influences on individual ethical decision-making in the organizational context. The present study examined the direct and indirect effects of individuals' perceptions of work climate on their ethical judgments and behavioral intentions regarding an ethical dilemma. A national sample of marketers was surveyed in a scenario-based research study. The results indicated that, although perceived climate dimensions did not have a direct effect on behavioral intentions, there were significant moderating effects. Climates perceived as emphasizing social responsibility and rules/codes moderated the individual ethical judgment-behavioral intentions relationship such that individuals were less likely to say that they would engage in a questionable selling practice even when they themselves did not believe the practice to be unethical. Respondents were somewhat more likely to form intentions consistent with their judgment that the questionable practice was morally acceptable when the ethical climate was characterized by an emphasis on team/friendship.     

我国城镇基本养老保险个人账户定位剖析

我国基本养老保险个人账户资金规模要适度,由劳动与社会保障部统一管理。为提高职工缴费的积极性,关键在于提高个人账户的收益率,实现有效保值增值。我国基本养老保险个人账户的"空账"实质是以不明晰的债权形式存在。当前所讨论的"做实"个人账户,实质是个人账户资产存在形式的转换。对于历史"空账",不应该立即"做实",而应比较机会成本与效益,逐步"做实"。而对于新缴纳的个人账户资金,则应明晰产权,不能随便挪用,但当统筹基金不足时,可以有偿使用。个人账户待遇以自身平衡为原则。     

论企业文化对创新思维的影响

在企业发展中,企业文化对创新思维的运用具有重要的影响。企业文化有三层结构,即精神层、制度层和物质层。企业文化主要是通过这三层文化来影响人对信息的收集和加工,从而影响人创新思维的发挥和运用的。具体来说,精神文化为人对信息的收集和加工提供了价值导向,制度文化为人对信息的收集和加工提供了规范和约束,物质文化为人对信息的收集和加工提供了辅助工具。     

How to Make Higher Education Institutions Innovative: An Application of Market Orientation Practices

In the present era, higher education is considered a booming and significantly contributing sector to the economy of many countries. Due to the intense competition prevailing in the higher education sector, higher education institutions need to become market oriented and innovate in courses, delivery methods and student support services. Consequently, they could meet increasing expectations placed on them for quality of education and support services. The main aim of this study is to investigate the influence of both market orientation and its dimensions, on innovation in higher education institutions. This study also considered the age of the faculty a moderator to these influences. The sample comprised 270 managers and course cordinators attached to faculties, schools or units in Sri Lankan higher education institutions. The surveys were administered for data collection. The study has several contributions to the literature- all the three dimensions of market orientation, significantly and positively influenced innovation in higher education institutions. The age of the faculty significantly moderated the influence of both market orientation and its dimensions (Intelligence Generation and Responsiveness), on innovation. This study also expand the focus of theory of six sigma by applying it from market orientation and customer orientation perspectives. Finally, this study has modified items measuring several constructs to suit the higher education context which can be used by future researchers. From the findings, several practical implications are given to officials in higher education institutions for innovating in courses, delivery methods and support services. The article concludes with many useful directions for future researchers.     

消费者创新性的结构测量及对创新性行为的影响

现有文献比较全面地揭示了消费者创新性与新产品创新性行为之间的多重关系,并探讨了这些关系产生的条件和机制。但绝大多数的理论和经验研究都将消费者创新性视为一个单维构念来进行操作性界定和测量,很少有研究去探索其内在结构并在此基础上检验每个维度与新产品创新性行为之间的关系。文章旨在探讨消费者创新性的结构维度并在此基础上观察不同类型的消费者创新性对创新性行为的影响。结论表明,消费者创新性是一个包括感知创新性和认知创新性的双维构念;作为整体的消费者创新性与新产品采用行为并没有显著的相关性,只有认知创新性才与新产品的采用行为正向相关,而感知创新性只与新产品的创新性信息搜寻正向相关。上述结论为消费者创新性提供了一个新的认识,也为今后学者从该角度来研究有关消费者创新性的其他问题提供了变量测量的工具,而且还为新产品的营销实践提供了新的管理启示。