中国农产品出口贸易与农业经济增长——基于协整分析和Granger因果检验

本文根据协整理论和Granger因果检验方法,对中国自改革开放以来(1980-2004年)的农产品出口与农业经济增长进行了实证分析。结果表明,农产品出口总额与农业经济增长以及劳动密集型农产品出口、土地密集型农产品出口与农业经济增长之间存在着长期稳定的均衡关系;农产品出口增长与农业经济增长之间存在单向的Granger因果关系,劳动密集型农产品出口增长与农业经济增长之间存在双向因果关系,而土地密集型农产品出口增长与农业经济增长之间没有Granger因果关系。     

我国货币中性的实证研究

国际金融危机爆发以来,降低利率、增加流通中货币成了各国政府解决金融危机的共同做法,货币对于经济的积极作用再次引起人们的关注。过于宽松的货币政策能持续多久,会不会造成严重的通货膨胀,进而破坏经济的健康发展,也同样引起人们的关注。本文对我国1978-2009年的流通中货币、利率、物价指数对GDP的影响进行了实证研究,结果表明流通中货币不是实际GDP增长的格兰杰原因,货币是中性的;GDP的实际增长率是实际利率的格兰杰原因,名义利率和GDP没有因果关系;GDP和物价指数没有格兰杰因果关系,通货膨胀不能促进经济的增长。     

On the Causal Links Between FDI and Growth in Developing Countries

We analyse the Granger causal relationships between foreign direct investment (FDI) and GDP in a sample of 31 developing countries covering 31 years. Using estimators for heterogeneous panel data we find bi‐directional causality between the FDI‐to‐GDP ratio and the level of GDP. FDI has a lasting impact on GDP, while GDP has no long‐run impact on the FDI‐to‐GDP ratio. In that sense FDI causes growth. Furthermore, in a model for GDP and FDI as a fraction of gross capital formation (GCF) we also find long‐run effects from FDI to GDP. This finding may be interpreted as evidence in favour of the hypotheses that FDI has an impact on GDP via knowledge transfers and adoption of new technology.     

论出口、消费与产出增长

本文采用时间序列和面板数据,对二战后11个高速增长经济体的出口、消费和产出三个变量之间的因果关系进行计量检验。对单个经济体的时间序列数据进行三变量向量自回归估计后发现,这些经济体的三变量之间存在不同的因果关系,并没有一般性的规律;而将这些经济体在1978-1996年的三变量进行面板向量自回归并进行因果检验后的结果显示,存在显著的出口和产出之间的双向因果关系,以及消费和产出的双向因果关系。本文的分析结果表明,对于快速赶超的发展中经济体,经济增长应该注意维持内部和外部的平衡,既重视出口也重视消费对经济增长的拉动作用。     

浙江省区域物流增量与GDP增量关系的计量分析

本文首先使用Granger因果关系检验法检验浙江省1958—2004年间的物流增量和GDP增量的因果性,结果发现本省GDP增量的变化是引起物流增量变化的原因。通过协整和误差修正模型对两者的长期和短期关系进行了研究。研究发现,浙江省区域物流增量与GDP增量间存在着可靠的协整关系。这说明随着浙江经济的快速持续发展,保持两者的均衡发展具有重要的意义。最后提出基本结论以及相关政策建议。     

基于VAR模型的江苏省投资、消费与经济增长实证分析

本文利用江苏省1980年到2007年经济数据,在VAR模型的基础上,运用协整检验、格兰杰因果检验、脉冲响应分析和方差分解的方法对江苏省的投资、消费与经济增长之间的关系进行实证分析。结果发现,投资、消费和经济增长之间具有长期均衡关系,江苏省地区生产总值的增长与投资和消费都具有双向因果关系,消费对经济增长的贡献度比投资更大。因此,通过提高居民收入水平,才能刺激消费,促进江苏经济健康发展。     

Linear and nonlinear growth determinants: The case of Mongolia and its connection to China

We investigate growth determinants for Mongolia as a small emerging economy with respect to China as its large neighbor. Our causality analysis during 1992 to 2017 reveals significant linear as well as nonlinear relationships in growth explanation. China's GDP and coal prices, together with some of their linear and nonlinear lagged components, predict Mongolia's GDP, where a 1 % increase in China's GDP relates to a 1.5% increase in that of Mongolia. Current exchange rates and the nonlinear components of lagged consumer prices also explain growth. Our results underline the role of macroeconomic drivers of growth in emerging economies.     

义乌区域物流与经济增长关系的实证研究

通过Granger因果关系法检验1982-2008年间的物流量的因果性表明：义乌现代物流需求与经济增长关系的定性分析结果相一致,即在长期内,义乌市GDP增量每增长1个单位,可以平均带动物流增量增长0.953487个单位。义乌经济的快速增长,既给物流业发展提供广阔市场,也给物流业提出了新的要求。义乌物流业必须加快物流园区建设,完善物流信息网络,改善物流设施和装备条件,加强物流管理和提高物流业的服务效率和运作质量,加快物流人才培养等各方面的工作,实现物流业与义乌经济一起发展壮大。     

FDI and Growth: What Causes What?

This paper examines the causal relationship between FDI and economic growth by using an innovative econometric methodology to study the direction of causality between the two variables. We apply our methodology, based on the Toda‐Yamamoto test for causality, to time‐series data covering the period 1969–2000 for three developing countries, namely Chile, Malaysia and Thailand, all of them major recipients of FDI with a different history of macroeconomic episodes, policy regimes and growth patterns. Our empirical findings clearly suggest that it is GDP that causes FDI in the case of Chile and not vice versa, while for both Malaysia and Thailand, there is a strong evidence of a bi‐directional causality between the two variables. The robustness of the above findings is confirmed by the use of a bootstrap test employed to test the validity of our results.     

农业财政支出与农业GDP波动(1978-2001)——一个Granger因果检验

中国农业财政支出与农业GDP增长都呈循环波动形式。为表明农业财政支出波动受农业GDP波动影响,利用一个非参数检验法识别出两者的非随机波动之后,基于两者波动的协整关系,建立误差修正模型,检验两者波动的Granger因果关系。     

浙江省对外贸易对经济增长方式转变影响:基于协整理论的实证研究

本文基于浙江省1986-2006年GDP和进出口的相关数据对浙江省外贸和经济运行的轨迹进行分析,测算了外贸依存度、贡献率、拉动度及弹性四个指标。运用协整理论和格兰杰因果关系检验方法对浙江省对外贸易与经济增长的关系进行实证分析,结果表明:存在出口到经济增长的单向格兰杰因果关系。同时建立误差修正模型(ECM)得到了较好的拟合结果,为出口贸易促进经济增长假说(ELG)提供了新证据。     

中国财政支出与GDP之间关系的协整分析与误差修正模型研究

利用协整理论对1952-2003年中国财政支出与GDP之间关系进行实证研究,研究认为:中国的财政支出与GDP之间存在双向的Granger因果关系,二者之间存在着相互促进的作用;中国财政支出与GDP之间存在着长期均衡的协整关系和短期动态调整机制;中国的财政支出对GDP的弹性小于1。     

Impact of foreign direct investment volatility on economic development in the Indian subcontinent

Using annual data over forty years from 1975 to 2014, this study investigates the gross domestic product (GDP) growth and the conditional volatility of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Indian subcontinent. The study reports the rising trends of both FDI and GDP and documents that the greater‐than‐expected FDI due to innovative shocks or policy innovations positively influences conditional volatility of FDI which, in turn, positively contributes to the economic growth/development. The conditional volatility used in the study is the variance derived from the diagnostically selected exponential GARCH (EGARCH) model. The study also reports the causality of both the FDI and its volatility across borders. More specifically, it reports bidirectional causality of FDI between India and Pakistan but unidirectional causality from Bangladesh to both India and Pakistan. It further documents that this volatility is persistent in all the economies and that it spillovers from both India and Pakistan to Bangladesh. The evidence attributes the economic development in the Indian subcontinent to the economic or policy innovations in attracting FDI. The findings of this study thus contribute to the literature by documenting the contrasting evidence that the volatility along with the trend of FDI contributes to the economic development and by reconciling the contrasting evidence.     

基于贸易条件指数调节的成渝地区对外贸易商品价格分析

在开放经济中,地区的贸易结构对其经济发展有着巨大影响。成都和重庆作为西部地区和长江上游经济带中部地区两个对外贸易比较发达的城市,在对外贸易发展中有着重要的地位。利用定量分析(ADF)工具、协整检验和格兰杰因果检验进行了实证研究,对成渝地区区域进口总值与国内生产总值、出口总值和非出口部门生产之间的关系进行了回归分析。     

US Fiscal Policy and Asset Prices: The Role of Partisan Conflict

Fiscal policy shocks exert wide‐reaching effects, including movements in asset markets. US politics have been characterized historically by a high degree of partisan conflict. The combination of increasing polarization and divided government leads not only to significant Congressional gridlock, but also to spells of high fiscal policy uncertainty. This paper adds to the literature on the relationships between fiscal policy and asset prices in the US economy conditional on the degree of partisan conflict. We analyze whether a higher degree of partisan conflict (legislative gridlock) reduces the efficacy of the effect and response of fiscal policy on and to asset price movements, respectively. We find that partisan conflict does not significantly affect the relationships between the fiscal surplus to gross domestic product (GDP) and housing and equity returns. Rather, if important, partisan conflict affects the actual implementation of fiscal policy actions.     

FDI、对外贸易与经济增长的关系——基于Granger检验及西部面板数据（1998-2005）的研究

伴随全球一体化进程加快和我国经济的发展,经济增长、对外贸易与FDI的关系日益密切。本文通过Granger因果关系检验分析了我国经济增长、对外贸易和FDI的因果关系,并通过对中国西部10省1998～2005年面板数据分析,对三者的关系进行了进一步探讨。     

New Evidence on the Export‐led Growth Nexus: A Case Study of Malaysia

This paper revisits the highly debated export‐led growth hypothesis in a number of different ways using Malaysia as a case study. First, the hypothesis is tested in terms of labour and total factor productivity growth as a potential channel via which exports can affect or be affected by GDP growth. Considering the impact of imports on GDP and productivity growth serves a similar purpose. In addition, GDP is trade‐adjusted to avoid the double‐counting problem arising from the national income identity. Second, the relationships are examined using the relatively recent Toda and Yamamoto (1995 ) causality tests. These results have major implications and are necessary to reassess the effectiveness of trade policy as a strategy for economic development.     

DO RISING REAL WAGES INCREASE THE RATE OF LABOR‐SAVING TECHNICAL CHANGE? SOME ECONOMETRIC EVIDENCE

The long‐run relationship between real wages and labor productivity is investigated using cointegration and Granger non‐causality tests for the US economy over the period 1869–1999. The series are cointegrated, indicating that there is a link between real wages and labor productivity in the long run. Granger non‐causality tests support unidirectional causation from real wages to labor productivity. This outcome corroborates the conception that increases in real wages drive profit‐seeking capitalists to raise labor productivity as their main weapon in defending their profitability. This result is consistent with a long tradition among economists that perceives technical change as being biased toward labor‐saving.     

GDP growth determinants and foreign direct investment causality: the case of Iran

Given the economic conditions in Iran and the need to accelerate its economic growth, there is a rising interest in examining the variables that fuel its GDP growth. The scant literature on economic growth in Iran is composed of only a few scholarly studies that investigate this nation's GDP growth. However, none of these studies has examined the causality between GDP growth and its determining elements. The purpose of this study is: (1) to determine the economic variables that contribute to Iran's GDP per capita growth over time, and (2) to examine the causality between foreign direct investment and the relevant variables that are included in the model. To achieve these goals the study uses a model that is based on the postulates of de Mello. The results indicate that: (1) the major determinants of GDP per capita growth in Iran are value added growth and domestic investment growth; (2) there is no causal relationship between foreign direct investment growth and GDP per capita growth in Iran in either direction; and (3) there is no causal relationship between foreign direct investment growth and value added growth in Iran in either direction.     

中国进出口贸易对经济增长方式转变的影响分析

文章基于中国1980-2010年GDP和进出口的相关数据对中国进出口贸易和经济运行的轨迹进行分析,测算了外贸依存度、贡献率和拉动度三个指标。运用协整理论和格兰杰因果关系检验方法对中国进出口贸易与经济增长的关系进行实证分析。结果表明中国经济增长与出口之间是正相关的关系,出口增长对经济增长具有明显的促进作用:出口每增长1%,中国GDP将增长约0.714%;同时,经济增长与进口之间也是正相关的关系,弹性为0.0286,进口每增长1%,中国GDP将增长约0.0286%。因此,可以看出中国进出口贸易的增长都促进经济的增长。